THE ELDERLY AND THE BEREAVED IN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY LUDLOW

2003 ◽  
pp. 99-125
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Elderly

A Rural Revolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Gavin Weightman
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Medical Procedures

This chapter focuses on Daniel Sutton's method of 'Suttonian' inoculation against smallpox. It is not easy to appreciate now how it might be possible for a 'medical revolution' to take place when it involved absolutely no advance in the understanding of infections, nor any close studies of the effectiveness of different drugs or medical procedures. But 'Suttonian inoculation' was a genuine breakthrough, and was recognised as such at the time by most medical authorities. It evolved from a rejection of customary medical practice and a partial return to the simplicity of the Turkish method of inoculation. Lady Mary's anecdotal accounts of the work of the elderly Greek ladies were probably more influential than any theories about the nature of disease. It was a rustic kind of revolution which began in the Suffolk village of Kenton in the mid-eighteenth century.

Manners and Mustard: Ideas of Political Decline in Sixteenth-Century Scotland

1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-263
Author(s):  
David Allan
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
National Culture ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Samuel Johnson ◽  
The Self ◽  
Moral Outrage ◽  
The People

With an acidity wholly typical of the Dictionary of the English Language (1755), Samuel Johnson was to observe that “oats,” which “in England is commonly given to horses … in Scotland supports the people.” It has not unnaturally been the assumption of posterity that most eighteenth-century Scotsmen, by then the self-confident inhabitants of a newly civilised and enlightened community, would have been suitably offended by what has since become a notorious imputation of national plainness and pauperism. Yet there are, I want to suggest, substantial grounds for doubting this apparently straightforward conclusion. The meagreness of the early-modern Scottish diet had in fact always been a matter for the most determined moral pride. The elderly Jacobite, Mackintosh of Borlum, for example, had as recently as the 1720s responded to the increasing sophistication of the post-Union table with open disdain: “Formerly I had been served with two or three substantial dishes of beef, mutton, and fowl, garnished with their own wholesome gravy,” the suspicious old laird complained, but “I am now served up little expensive ashets with English pickles, Indian mangoes, and anchovy sauces.” Robert Monro of Opisdale, too, writing nearly a century before, in the 1630s, had described with palpable moral outrage the flagrant indiscipline and consequent military weakness of those Scottish soldiers in the armies of Gustavus Adolphus whose “stomackes could not digest a Gammon of Bacon or cold Beefe without mustard, so farre [they] were out of use.” And in Sir Walter Scott's Waverley (1814), surely the most influential examination of the national culture ever composed, it is also obvious that that patriotic pedant, the Baron of Bradwardine, offering hospitality to his young visitor at Tully-Veolan, the seat of ancient Scottish virtue, finds himself by no means embarrassed at being unable to “rival the luxuries of [his] English table.”

Providing for the elderly in eighteenth-century England

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSANNAH R. OTTAWAY
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Local Community ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Poor Relief ◽  
Poor Laws ◽  
Local Justice ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Family ◽  
Poor Person ◽  
Justice Of The Peace

In 1776, in the parish of Puddletown, Dorset, Sarah Dibben, an elderly, impoverished widow, was examined as to her place of settlement by the local justice of the peace to determine whether the parish should pay for her poor relief. At the same time, the JP interviewed her son, Melchizedeck, with whom Sarah had been living, to shed further light on Sarah's situation. Melchizedeck told the justice that because Sarah was his mother he ‘thought it his Duty to assist her if he could without injuring his family’. However, he was at the marginal level of poverty himself, ‘having nothing but what he can earn to support his family’. As a consequence of these examinations, Sarah was removed to the neighbouring parish of Piddlehinton, where she had borne her children over forty years earlier.The case of Sarah Dibben's settlement highlights the main issues surrounding provisions for the elderly in eighteenth-century England. (Here, the elderly are defined as those aged 60 and above.) The provisions of the poor law of 1601 meant that both the local community and the family had a legal obligation to support the aged. This law stated that ‘the aged and decrepit’ of every parish were to be supported by a tax, collected from all those who held property in the parish. At the same time, the law dictated:The father and grandfather, mother and grandmother, and children of every poor, old, blind, lame and impotent person, or other person not able to work, being of sufficient ability, shall at their own charges, relieve and maintain every such poor person, in that manner, and according to that rate, as by the justices in sessions shall be assessed: on pain of 20s. a month. [I will be referring to this clause as the family-support section of the poor laws.]

scholarly journals Travel as Failure. On the Road to Italy, 1750-1800

Viatica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Bertrand ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
The Road ◽  
Varied Range ◽  
On The Road

Behind the commonly accepted image of an euphoric and positive experience, the trip to Italy hides annoyances that may have cracked its beautiful order. But to what extent can the traveller judge for himself the failure of his project? Does the power to decide about it belong only to posterity? An inventory of a series of scenarios in the second half of the eighteenth century reveals a varied range of situations that can be interpreted in terms of failure, from journeys that were interrupted or did not meet the expectations of travellers or of their readers, to the question of whether silence was not the only possible, albeit very uncertain, sign of failure. Then, with Polish traveller Moszynski, we come to question how the elderly traveller deprived of a sense of sight can attempt to defy the threat of not completing his journey.

Cell surface changes during aging of human bladder epithelium examined by lectin probes and SEM

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 966-967
Author(s):  
J. Jacob ◽  
M.F.M. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Asymmetric Structure ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Bladder Epithelium ◽  
Aldehyde Groups ◽  
Cell Surface Changes ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Surface Changes

Ultrastructural changes have been shown to occur in the urinary bladder epithelium (urothelium) during the life span of humans. With increasing age, the luminal surface becomes more flexible and develops simple microvilli-like processes. Furthermore, the specialised asymmetric structure of the luminal plasma membrane is relatively more prominent in the young than in the elderly. The nature of the changes at the luminal surface is now explored by lectin-mediated adsorption visualised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Samples of young adult (21-31 y old) and elderly (58-82 y old) urothelia were fixed in buffered 2% glutaraldehyde for 10 m and washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing Ca++ and Mg++ at room temperature. They were incubated overnight at 4°C in 0.1 M ammonium chloride in PBS to block any remaining aldehyde groups. The samples were then allowed to stand in PBS at 37°C for 2 h before incubation at 37°C for 30 m with lectins. The lectins used were concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) at a concentration of 500 mg/ml in PBS at pH 7.A.

The effect of dental geriatric curricula on attitudes toward the elderly

1988 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 516-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Mann ◽  
TJ Bomberg ◽  
JM Holtzman ◽  
DB Berkey
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly
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