Water scarcity and migration

2020 ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Simone Borghesi ◽  
Gianluca Iannucci
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
And Migration

scholarly journals Water Scarcity, Conflict, and Migration: A Comparative Analysis and Reappraisal

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Selby ◽  
Clemens Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Water Migration ◽  
The West ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Causal Pathway ◽  
West Bank And Gaza ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Global Environmental Changes

How should we characterise the relations between environmental scarcity, conflict, and migration? Most academic and policy analyses conclude that scarcities of environmental resources can have significant impacts upon conflict and migration, and claim or imply that within the context of accelerating global environmental changes these impacts are likely to become more significant still. Many analyses admittedly recognise that these impacts are often indirect rather than direct and that there exist multiple ‘drivers’ of conflict and migration, of which environmental stresses are but one. We argue that even these qualifications do not go far enough, however: they still overstate the current and likely future significance of environmental changes and stresses in contributing to conflict and migration and underemphasise a far more important causal pathway—from conflict and migration to environmental vulnerabilities. These arguments are advanced via a comparative analysis of water—migration—conflict linkages in Cyprus and Israel and the West Bank and Gaza.

scholarly journals Socio-economic Impact and Migration Due to Water Shortage in District Badin Sindh Province of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Ghulam Nabi Dahri ◽  
Tehmina Mangan ◽  
Ghulam Mustafa Nangraj ◽  
Basit Ali Talpur ◽  
Imran Ali Jarwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Weather Extremes ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

The agriculture sector is the backbone of Pakistan's economy. It contributes 18.9 percent to the national GDP (Gross Domestic Product), and 43.5 percent to the national labor force. The term ‘water scarcity’ depicts, the water demand that could not fulfill the human need. Some of the factors that cause water scarcity include dry spells, shortage of irrigation water, climate change, drought, excessive storage, and weather extremes. Another critical factor that causes scarcity is excessive population growth. Water stress directly impacts human migration because it affects the human lives and socio-economic conditions of the migrants. This study aimed to examine the impact of water shortage on the socioeconomic condition of growers in the study area. To examine how water scarcity is behind the migration and to analyze the impact of water shortage on agricultural production. The analysis of the data reveals that migration occurs due to the shortage of water in the last five years of Taluka, Tando Bago. The current scenario of the study depicted that Tando Bago is suffering from the worst condition of water shortage and about 60 percent of farmers were not in a condition to use the freshwater resources. According to the farmer's perception (88%), the quality of underground water is seen to be low as compared to taluka Matli. It is a big threat to the agriculture sector in terms of productivity, soil degradation, and fallow land. The study further reveals that per acre yield of crops is low that signifies the impact of water shortage on agriculture production. In taluka Matli, the net return of wheat crop and per-acre value of land (RS: 795,858), is high as compared to Tando Bago (RS: 225,428). The results of the study favours’ the significant impact of water shortage on socioeconomic and migration of the people in district Badin.

Demonstration of Retinal Glycogen with Silver Methenamine

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 564-565
Author(s):  
A. W. Sedar ◽  
G. H. Bresnick
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Müller Cell ◽  
External Limiting Membrane ◽  
Electron Microscope Level ◽  
Reactive Process ◽  
Inner Limiting Membrane ◽  
Muller Cell ◽  
And Migration

After experimetnal damage to the retina with a variety of procedures Müller cell hypertrophy and migration occurs. According to Kuwabara and others the reactive process in these injuries is evidenced by a marked increase in amount of glycogen in the Müller cells. These cells were considered originally supporting elements with fiber processes extending throughout the retina from inner limiting membrane to external limiting membrane, but are known now to have high lactic acid dehydrogenase activity and the ability to synthesize glycogen. Since the periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine technique was shown to demonstrate glycogen at the electron microscope level, it was selected to react with glycogen in the fine processes of the Müller cell that ramify among the neural elements in various layers of the retina and demarcate these cells cytologically. The Rhesus monkey was chosen as an example of a well vascularized retina and the rabbit as an example of a avascular retina to explore the possibilities of the technique.

Structure and migration of planar defects in crystals observed in atomic scale

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hashimoto ◽  
Y. Sugimoto ◽  
Y. Takai ◽  
H. Endoh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Present Observation ◽  
Twist Boundary ◽  
Optical Magnification ◽  
Zinc Crystal ◽  
And Migration

As was demonstrated by the present authors that atomic structure of simple crystal can be photographed by the conventional 100 kV electron microscope adjusted at “aberration free focus (AFF)” condition. In order to operate the microscope at AFF condition effectively, highly stabilized electron beams with small energy spread and small beam divergence are necessary. In the present observation, a 120 kV electron microscope with LaB6 electron gun was used. The most of the images were taken with the direct electron optical magnification of 1.3 million times and then magnified photographically.1. Twist boundary of ZnSFig. 1 is the image of wurtzite single crystal with twist boundary grown on the surface of zinc crystal by the reaction of sulphur vapour of 1540 Torr at 500°C. Crystal surface is parallel to (00.1) plane and electron beam is incident along the axis normal to the crystal surface. In the twist boundary there is a dislocation net work between two perfect crystals with a certain rotation angle.

Author response for "CXCR4, but not CXCR3, drives CD8 T-cell entry into and migration through the murine bone marrow"

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Goedhart ◽  
Stephanie Gessel ◽  
Robbert van der Voort ◽  
Edith Slot ◽  
Beth Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Cell Entry ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Murine Bone Marrow ◽  
And Migration
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