The abnormal distribution of development

Developments ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 190-206
Author(s):  
Erica Burman
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Distribution

scholarly journals ADAMTS 13 deficiency is associated with abnormal distribution of von Willebrand factor multimers in patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Pascreau ◽  
Sara Zia-Chahabi ◽  
Benjamin Zuber ◽  
Colas Tcherakian ◽  
Eric Farfour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Abnormal Distribution ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Abnormal distribution of nerve terminals in the normoganglionic bowel of Hirschsprung's disease: a causative factor of failed pull-through operations?

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yamataka ◽  
T. Miyano ◽  
T. Okazaki ◽  
M. Urao ◽  
T. Fujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hirschsprung's Disease ◽  
Hirschsprung’S Disease ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Abnormal Distribution ◽  
Pull Through

Geochemical Characteristics of Crude Oils from the Tarim Basin by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumei Li ◽  
Xiongqi Pang ◽  
Quan Shi ◽  
Baoshou Zhang ◽  
Haizu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Sulfur Species ◽  
Abnormal Distribution ◽  
Ion Cyclotron

Nine marine and two terrestrial oils from the Tarim Basin in Western China were analyzed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Sulfur compounds with 8–47 carbon atoms and double-bond equivalent (DBE) values of 0–21 are abundant in the crude oils. The most abundant sulfur species in Tazhong marine oils are S1 species (80.57–85.22%), followed by O1S1 (6.95–14.78%) and S2 (0.71–6.69%) species. The dominant species in Yingmaili terrestrial oils are S1 (51.41–52.76%), O1S1 (26.83–35.27%) and O2S1 (11.97–21.76%) species; no S2 species were detected. The results suggest that the sulfur compounds present in oil vary with the oil type. For the S1 and S2 species, as the thermal maturity increased, the degree of condensation increased, and the median and range of the number of carbon atoms decreased. Compounds with DBE values of 9, which are most likely dibenzothiophenes, became concentrated as the thermal maturity increased. Therefore, the unusually high abundance of dibenzothiophenes in the Lower Ordovician oils could be related to the thermal maturity. The TZ83 (O1) oil has an abnormal distribution of S1 species, and is characterized by sulfur species with relatively low DBE values (0–7). This abnormal distribution could be caused by thermochemical sulfate reduction, and a relatively high content of H2S in the associated gases and abundant sulfo-diamantane in the oil supported this theory. In conclusion, the thermal maturity, organic facies, paleoenvironment of the source rock, and possibly thermochemical sulfate reduction have a large impact on the sulfur compounds present in the oils. The O1S1/S1 and S2/S1 ratios could be used as indicators of the precursors/paleoenvironment, and C10–19/C20–50 DBE9 and DBE1,3,6 /DBE9 could be used as indicators of thermal maturity. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry is very useful for detecting sulfur compounds, especially those with high molecular weights, in the crude oils. This technique has potential for determining the formation mechanisms of some unusual oils and the geochemical implications of the sulfur compounds they contain.

Synthesis and distribution of cytokeratins in healthy and ulcerated bovine claw epidermis

2001 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAY A. K. HENDRY ◽  
AMANDA J. MACCALLUM ◽  
CHRISTOPHER H. KNIGHT ◽  
COLIN J. WILDE
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Amino Acid Incorporation ◽  
Keratinocyte Proliferation ◽  
Abnormal Distribution ◽  
Acid Incorporation ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Dimensional Electrophoresis

Keratinization of the epidermal cells of the bovine claw generates the horn that gives the tissue its mechanical strength. Disruption of keratinization is likely to have a detrimental effect on the strength and integrity of the horn, and could lead to solar lesions and lameness. As part of a wider investigation of the cell biological causes of lameness in dairy animals, we have compared keratin synthesis and distribution in healthy bovine claw tissue with those in hooves with solar ulcers. Protein synthesis was measured by [35S]-labelled amino acid incorporation in claw tissue explant cultures. [35S]-labelled protein synthesis was higher in tissue from diseased claws than in healthy claws, and highest at the ulcer site. The identity of proteins synthesised in vitro did not differ between healthy and diseased tissue. DNA synthesis indicative of cell proliferation was also elevated in diseased tissue. Immunoblotting after one- or two-dimensional electrophoresis showed cytokeratins (CK) 4, 5/6, 10 and 14 to be amongst those expressed in healthy claw tissue. The relative abundance of these keratins was not altered in healthy regions of ulcerated hooves, nor at the ulcer site, but CK16, not usually found in healthy tissue, was detected in the sole of diseased claws. CK5/6 and CK14 were shown by immunohistochemistry to be present in the basal epidermis of healthy tissue, whereas CK10 was found in supra-basal layers. In healthy tissue from ulcerated claws, this distribution was unaltered, but at the site of solar ulcers, CK5/6 and CK14 were each found in both basal and supra-basal epidermis. The study suggests that solar ulceration of the bovine claw is not associated with gross alteration in the keratin composition of the tissue, but causes abnormal distribution of cytokeratins, perhaps as a result of loss of positional cues from the basement membrane. Ulceration did, however, stimulate cell repair involving epidermal protein synthesis (including keratins), and keratinocyte proliferation.

Vitamin C protects carboplatin-exposed oocytes from meiotic failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 601-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changyin Zhou ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Yuwei Zhang ◽  
Xiayan ShiYang ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Platinum Compound ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Sperm Binding ◽  
Abnormal Distribution ◽  
Vitamin C Supplementation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract CBP (carboplatin) is a second-generation chemotherapeutic drug of platinum compound commonly applied in the treatment of sarcomas and germ cell tumours. Although it is developed to replace cisplatin, which has been proven to have a variety of side effects during cancer treatment, CBP still exhibits a certain degree of toxicity including neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hematotoxicity and myelosuppression. However, the underlying mechanisms regarding how CBP influences the female reproductive system especially oocyte quality have not yet been fully determined. Here, we report that CBP exposure led to the oocyte meiotic defects by impairing the dynamics of the meiotic apparatus, leading to a remarkably aberrant spindle organisation, actin polymerisation and mitochondrial integrity. Additionally, CBP exposure caused compromised sperm binding and fertilisation potential of oocytes by due to an abnormal distribution of cortical granules and its component ovastacin. More importantly, we demonstrated that vitamin C supplementation prevented meiotic failure induced by CBP exposure and inhibited the increase in ROS levels, DNA damage accumulation and apoptotic incidence. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the toxic effects of CBP exposure on oocyte development and provide a potential effective way to improve the quality of CBP-exposed oocytes in vitro.

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