Environmental Conservation, Land Tenure and Migration: The case of the Atlantic rainforest in southeast Brazil

2018 ◽  
pp. 191-204
Author(s):  
Florian Dünckmann
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
And Migration

Rubber specialization vs crop diversification: the roles of perceived risks

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Min ◽  
Jikun Huang ◽  
Hermann Waibel
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of farmers’ risk perceptions regarding rubber farming on their land use choices, including rubber specialization and crop diversification. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey data of some 600 smallholder rubber farmers in Xishuangbanna in Southwest China is employed. This paper develops a general conceptual framework that incorporates a subjective risk item into a model of farmers’ land use choices, thereby developing four econometric models to estimate the role of risk perceptions, and applies instrumental variables to control for the endogeneity of risk perceptions. Findings The results demonstrate that risk perceptions play an important role in smallholders’ decision-making regarding land use strategies to address potential risks in rubber farming. Smallholders with higher risk perceptions specialize in rubber farming less often and are more likely to diversify their land use, thereby contributing to local environmental conservation in terms of agrobiodiversity. The land use choices of smallholder rubber farmers are also associated with ethnicity, household wealth, off-farm employment, land tenure status, altitude and rubber farming experience. Originality/value This study contributes to a better understanding of the implications of farmers’ risk perceptions and shows entry points for improving the sustainability of rubber-based land use systems.

Polypores from an Atlantic rainforest area in southeast Brazil: pileate species

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Motato-Vásquez ◽  
Ricardo Matheus Pires ◽  
Adriana de Mello Gugliotta
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Southeast Brazil

scholarly journals Threatened endemic species of Hibiscus l. (Malvaceae) in Minas Gerais, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Luccas Henrique Gomes Rigueiral ◽  
Victor Martins Gonçalez ◽  
Marília Cristina Duarte ◽  
Cleber Vinicius Vitorio da Silva ◽  
Rafael Tavares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
Staminal Tube ◽  
Minas Gerais State

Hibiscus L. is one of the largest genera of Malvaceae, Southeast Brazil has six endemic species of 14 native species, mainly distributed in cerrado. These Hibiscus are hairy shrubs, with showy flowers of pink corolla, dark base, 5-toothed staminal tube apex, loculicidal capsule of 5 cells. The species inhabit wet ecosystems of the atlantic rainforest and cerrado. After the last study of Hibiscus taxonomy evidencing four endemic species from Minas Gerais state, showed to have the largest endemism center of Hibiscus in Brazil, therefore, using IUCN classification methodology, we indicated H. hilarianus and H. multiformis as vulnerable, H. itirapinensis as endangered and H. mariae as critically endangered. The species are represented by small isolated populations distributed at the mountains and plateaus between Espinhaço mountain range and Planalto Paulista, considered a region with great endemic biodiversity. According to the previously analysis, it is recommended specific studies with techniques and appropriate methodology to research the development and evolutionary characteristics of hibiscus species in Minas Gerais state.

scholarly journals Food security and migration in Africa: a validation of theoretical links using case studies from literature

New Medit ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Mulazzani ◽  
Rosa Manrique ◽  
Catalina Stancu ◽  
Giulio Malorgio
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Risk Minimization ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Food Insecure Households

The connection between food security and migration is increasingly discussed by both international agencies and academic literature. However, despite several improvements, we continue to know little about the complex causal-effect relations that link these aspects and, in particular, how much migration patterns are affected by food security issues and how much, as a feedback, migration can affect food security, on both the origin and destination areas. This paper aims firstly to draw a general framework of this nexus and then to validate it using empirical literature on the African continent. A few common points can be emphasized for the continent: due to structural and familiar characteristics, different strategies based on opportunity costs or risk minimization (including food security aspects) may emerge; individuals often migrate following household strategies; multi-nodal households are emerging; land grabbing and land tenure security represent important drivers to be considered; emergencies or critical situations often cause the erosion of women rights. In many situations, the poverty trap prevents most food insecure households to leave marginal lands.

scholarly journals Cystoderma, Cystodermella and Ripartitella in Atlantic Forest, São Paulo State, Brazil

Hoehnea ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Capelari ◽  
Tatiane Asai
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
First Time

This paper reports on the genera Cystoderma, Cystodermella and Ripartitella from Atlantic Rainforest, Southeast Brazil. They are represented by Cystoderma chocoanum, Cystodermella contusifolia, C. sipariana and Ripartitella brasiliensis. Cystoderma chocoanum is reported for the first time outside the type locality (Colombia) and its relationship with others species of Cystoderma, based on nLSU rDNA sequences, is discussed.

Polypores from an Atlantic rainforest area in southeast Brazil: resupinate species

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Motato-Vásquez ◽  
Adriana de Mello Gugliotta
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Southeast Brazil
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