Intellectual Autonomy and Intellectual Interdependence

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-172
Author(s):  
Heather Battaly
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Autonomy

The Phial of Blood Controversy and the Decline of the Liberal Catholic Movement

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Wendel W. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Irish Immigrants ◽  
Intellectual Autonomy ◽  
Ecclesiastical Authority ◽  
The Church ◽  
Intense Debate

The second half of the nineteenth century witnessed a major rift within the ranks of English Catholicism. Following the restoration of the hierarchy in 1850, the Ultramontanes began to consolidate their hold on the channels of ecclesiastical authority. Led by the flamboyant Nicholas Wiseman, they began to dominate the newly established English Catholic hierarchy, supported in their efforts by a tide of Irish immigrants, a reservoir of talented and dedicated priests trained at the English College in Rome and a wave of Oxford converts who, in the wake of the Gorham case, thirsted for a fount of unswerving ecclesiastical authority. The domination of the Ultramontanes, both in England and on the continent, meant that Liberal Catholicism was decidedly on the defensive, seeking to combat a rising tide of intellectual and scientific. intolerance. The period from mid-century until the promulgation of the Syllabus of Errors in 1864 was a crucial one in this struggle for intellectual autonomy. It was marked by several events which placed the emerging concepts and theories of scientific inquiry in direct conflict with the authority of the Church as is most sharply demonstrated in the convoluted and intense debate which came to be focused upon an ancient Christian artifact, the ampolle di sangue or the phials of blood.

Intellectual Virtues in Higher Education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Floyd Kuntz ◽  
Rebecca M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Intellectual Virtues ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
Intellectual Autonomy ◽  
The Individual

Intellectual virtues are characteristics that motivate individuals to pursue knowledge and understanding. They support the intellectual flourishing of the individual and consequently of society writ large. Scholars are only beginning to examine how these virtues are developed. An interdisciplinary approach that bridges philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, and education research is needed to add empirical grounding to philosophical conceptions of intellectual virtues and to provide recommendations for educators to advance these virtues. Schools arguably have a vital role to play in the development of the intellectual virtues. Colleges and universities embrace several core aims, among them fostering the individual flourishing of their students and the broader public good. Interpreted through a philosophical lens, achieving these aims invokes intellectual virtues. Two intellectual virtues—intellectual autonomy and intellectual fairness—are particularly salient for emerging adults in the higher education context. Empirical research has the potential to shed light on how these virtues are developed and what educators can do to better promote them. Although empirical studies suggest that emerging adults in college may be developmentally primed for the virtues of intellectual autonomy and intellectual fairness, many emerging adults do not leave college reliably demonstrating these virtues. Colleges and universities can do more to support their development by (a) providing students with challenging situations and supportive conditions, (b) creating opportunities for self-directed learning and intellectual risk-taking, and (c) raising awareness of cognitive limitations that undermine fairness.

Intellectual Autonomy and Its Vices

2021 ◽  
pp. 231-249
Author(s):  
Alessandra Tanesini
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Autonomy

The Intellectual and the State: Social Dynamics of Intellectual Autonomy During the Post-Mao Era

1991 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 569-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Bonnin ◽  
Yves Chevrier
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
The State ◽  
Communist State ◽  
Intellectual Autonomy ◽  
Chinese Intellectual ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mao Era

The relationship between the Chinese intellectual and the communist state experienced some significant changes during the 1980s, although some of the basic patterns established since the 1930s and 1940s were not altered. This contrast is in line with the overall impact of Deng Xiaoping's limited reforms, which gave more room, and more weight, to society vis-à-vis the state, while the basic structures of the latter were left untouched. Social change was the new element which allowed the intellectuals to enjoy more autonomy in organizing their associations and in articulating new ideas. The intellectual with an autonomous base in a more autonomous society emerged from the prevalent pattern of technocratic intellectuals operating within the state framework, a state whose totalitarian scope had deprived them of any social base.

INTELLECTUAL AUTONOMY

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Zagzebski
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Autonomy

Which of the Big Five factors are in need of situational specification?

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boele De Raad ◽  
Esther Sullot ◽  
Dick P. H. Barelds
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Intellectual Autonomy ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Relevant Situation ◽  
Personality Questionnaires ◽  
Big Five Factors ◽  
Situational Information

With the availability of a personality relevant situation taxonomy (Ten Berge & De Raad, 2002), a burning question ahead is whether systematic inclusion of situation references in personality questionnaires does improve their descriptive and predictive capacities. In this paper, the reliability question was addressed, and we investigated for which factors of the Big Five the interjudge‐agreement would increase upon adding situational information. In this study we excluded the fifth factor, Intellectual Autonomy. Two studies were performed, involving a first test in Study 1, and a replication with three tests through varying sets of items in Study 2. In Study 1, trait descriptive adjectives representing four factors were administered twice (N = 182), one time without and one time with situational information. In Study 2 (N = 152), we varied both the trait‐adjectives and the situational trait‐sentences from set to set. All four tests indicated that the interjudge‐agreement for Extraversion generally decreased upon adding situation information, for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness it did not essentially change, and the interjudge‐agreement for Emotional Stability substantially increased. Some explanations and implications are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Digital economy: backgrounds, main drivers and new challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Askar Akaev ◽  
Askar Sarygulov ◽  
Valentin Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Industrial Transformation ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Intellectual Autonomy ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Technological Platform ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Energy Replacement

The industry development over the last hundred years has had a huge impact on the development of technological infrastructure and life change. Three main components of this development are related to personalization: a car as a personal vehicle and greater personal freedom; a personal computer as a means of intellectual autonomy; a personal phone as a means of freedom of communication and access to information. These three development factors significantly changed the employee psychology and created the conditions for diffusion of qualitatively new, synthesized (cyber-physical) technologies that became the basis of the Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things – two main working concepts of industrial and infrastructural development for the next 20 years. The conventional or classical industrial systems that are dominant to the present day have mainly been based on the principles of human muscle energy replacement, but the technological changes of our days raise the question of the substantial scale of displacement of the living manpower both in production and in management and services. The process of technological and industrial transformation that has already begun will inevitably lead to the transformation of social and economic systems, and here the key problem will not only be the provision of a new quality of economic growth, but also the solution of the employment problem interfacing a new technological platform, the information and social infrastructure of society.

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