Demonstrative Reference to the Unreal

Author(s):  
Marga Reimer
Author(s):  
Joseph Levine

In this paper I develop a model of what it is to entertain a demonstrative thought, whether about an individual or a property. The primary question I investigate is the mechanism responsible for securing the referent of the demonstrative component of the thought. I characterize mechanisms of demonstrative reference for both token-demonstratives and type-demonstratives, drawing a distinction between genuine type-demonstratives and “quasi” type-demonstratives in the process. I then use the results of this discussion to criticize various philosophical uses of the notion of a demonstrative concept, including the “phenomenal concept strategy” for responding to challenges to materialism and the attempt to explain concept acquisition by appeal to demonstrative concepts.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Hermansyah Hermansyah

Abstract The Use of Reference Elements in Political Discourse on the Newspaper ofBanjarmasin Post February 2017 Edition. The purpose of this study was todescribe the use of elements (1) persona references, (2) demonstrative references,and (3) comparative references contained in written discourse in the dailynewspaper of Banjarmasin Post February 2017 edition. This research is conductedby using qualitative approach with descriptive research method. Sources of data inthis study is the discourse in the newspaper. Data was extracted by usingdocumentation techniques. To analyze the data used qualitative analysistechniques. Based on the results of research on the Use of Reference Elements inPolitical Discourse on Newspaper of Banjarmasin Post Edition February 2017.The conclusion (1) there is the use of elements (a) references persona, (b)demonstrative reference, and (c) comparative reference in the political discourseof the letter news of Banjarmasin Post, February 2017 edition. (2) It is concludedthat of the twenty-four political discourses found it is stated that the more dominantpersona reference is used with 25 words, the demonstrative references with 24words, and comparative references with a single form. The first person referenceexample, that is me, and us, the third persona reference, that is, he, them, and theresearcher does not find a form that contains a second person reference, contains ademonstrative reference of time, ie today, yesterday, later, tomorrow, then, now.Demonstrative reference of place, that is, that, Peat, Batola, Amutai, Jakarta,comparative reference, that is the same thing. Key words: use of reference elements, political discourseAbstrak Penggunaan Unsur Referensi dalam Wacana Politik pada Surat KabarBanjarmasin Post Edisi Februari 2017. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmendeskripsikan penggunaan unsur (1) referensi persona, (2) referensidemonstratif, dan (3) referensi komparatif yang terdapat dalam wacana tulis di surat kabar harian Banjarmasin Post edisi Februari Tahun 2017. Penelitian inidilaksanakan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metodepenelitian deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah wacana dalam suratkabar. Penggalian data ditempuh dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi. Untukmenganalisis data digunakan teknik analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasilpenelitian tentang Penggunaan Unsur Referensi dalam Wacana Politik pada SuratKabar Banjarmasin Post Edisi Februari 2017. Diperoleh kesimpulan (1)terdapatnya penggunaan unsur (a) referensi persona, (b) referensi demonstratif,dan (c) referensi komparatif dalam pada wacana politik surat kabar BanjarmasinPost edisi Februari 2017. (2) Disimpulakan bahwa dari dua puluh empat wacanapolitik yang ditemukan dinyatakan bahwa referensi persona lebih dominandigunakan dengan 25 wujud kata, sedangkan referensi demonstratif dengan 24wujud kata, dan referensi komparatif dengan satu wujud kata. Contoh referensipersona pertama, yaitu saya, kami, dan kita, referensi persona ketiga, yaitu -nya,ia, dia, mereka, dan peneliti tidak menemukan wujud kata yang mengandungreferensi persona kedua, mengandung referensi demonstratif waktu, yaitu hari ini,sebelumnya, kemarin, nanti, besok, lalu, saat ini. Referensi demonstratif tempat,yaitu ini, itu, Gambut, Batola, Amutai, Jakarta, referensi komparatif, yaitu halyang sama. Kata-kata kunci: penggunaan unsur referensi, wacana politik


1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-94
Author(s):  
Gilbert Plumer ◽  

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanassius RAFTOPOULOS ◽  
Vincent MULLER

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Lu Zhao ◽  
Lu Zou

The development of pragmatic ability is an essential topic in language acquisition, among which demonstratives are significant to reflect human’s cognition of the relation between language and the environment. The purpose of this research is to investigate the acquisition of spatial demonstratives “zhe” (this) and “na” (that) of Mandarin-speaking children through experimental design (different tool use, e.g. participants pointed at the objects with their finger or a laser pen), exploring the influence of perceptual distance on children’s choice of spatial demonstratives. Through comparison with adults’ data, results supported the view that 5- to 6-year-old children have already developed adult-like cognitive space when it comes to the use of spatial demonstratives, which produced an effect on the use of spatial demonstratives, proving speaker’s subjective involvement in choosing the proximal or distal demonstrative in the process of communication, and rendering more evidence on children’s early development of pragmatic ability.


Sofia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Eduarda Calado Barbosa

Determining what content is expressed by a demonstrative when its reference cannot be determined is a problem for those who assume that demonstrative reference is cognized by interpreters and demonstrative meaning has a mere indicative role. Here, I explore a concept of content that gives meaning a cognitively relevant role, namely, John Perry’s classificatory concept of content. With that purpose, I compare the interpretation of a deictic demonstrative in two cases: for an eavesdropper and a conversational participant, aiming to show that meaning, in the form of reflexive rules, can be recruited to play the role of content when information (in the speech situation) is scarce.


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