The Russian Revolution at 100: the Soviet experience in the mirror of permanent counterrevolution

Revolutions ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 12-28
Author(s):  
Kees van der Pijl
Keyword(s):  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Soviet Experience

scholarly journals A teoria política de Marx: uma totalidade orgânica | Marx’s political theory: an organic whole

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Polese
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Classical Transition ◽  
Soviet Experience

Apresenta-se aqui uma leitura dos principais traços da teoria política de Marx. Esta é entendida como uma totalidade orgânica na qual cada elemento impõe necessariamente sua articulação e mediação com os demais. Ao delinear nestes termos o legado político de Marx, pretende-se contribuir no sentido da elaboração de uma teoria da transição para além do sistema do capital. Defende-se que esta precisa, necessariamente, incorporar de forma crítica o legado das teorias da transição clássicas, em especial as elaboradas no esteio da Revolução Russa de 1917, e também aquelas que foram elaboradas mais recentemente, com a vantagem de poderem versar sobre a experiência soviética que formalmente chegou ao fim em 1991. Por conta disso e por afinidades teóricas, o intérprete marxista privilegiado no texto é István Mészáros.Palavras-Chave: Karl Marx; revolução; transição socialista; teoria política; comunismo; István Mészáros.  Abstract –It is presented here a reading of the main features of Marx's political theory. This is understood as an organic whole in which each element necessarily imposes its articulation and mediation with the others. In outlining in these terms Marx's political legacy, this article is intended to contribute towards the elaboration of a theory of transition beyond the capital system. It is argued that this transition necessarily needs to incorporate in a critical way the legacy of classical transition theories, especially those elaborated in the wake of the Russian Revolution of 1917, and also those that have been elaborated more recently, with the advantage of being able to deal with the Soviet experience that formally came to an end in 1991. Because of this and theoretical affinities, the Marxist interpreter privileged in the text is István Mészáros.Keywords: Karl Marx; revolution; socialist transition; political theory; communism; István Mészáros.

The Russian Revolution and Spanish Communists, 1931–5

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 892-912
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Kirschenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Second Spanish Republic ◽  
Rafael Alberti ◽  
Maria Teresa Leon ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Soviet Experience

The article examines connections between Spanish communists and the Russian Revolution of 1917. Focusing on the period beginning with the founding of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931, it analyzes how ‘revolutionary’ Spain not only borrowed from the Soviet experience but also became an emotional core of the international communist project. To examine these exchanges, the article investigates two topics that are often treated separately: the revolutionary ‘brotherhood’ of Soviet and Spanish writers (focusing on Rafael Alberti and María Teresa León) and the lessons learned by ordinary communists at the Comintern’s International Lenin School. It argues that these varied interactions were part of a single, multifaceted phenomenon: the creation of complex revolutionary networks in the years before the Spanish civil war. From this perspective, ‘world revolution’ can be understood not only as a ‘faith’ that came from Russia but also as a lived reality shaped by multidirectional – if also Soviet-dominated – institutional and personal exchanges.

DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS AND THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION: THE SOVIET INDUSTRIALISATION DEBATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-298
Author(s):  
Diego Azqueta
Keyword(s):  
Development Economics ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Socialist Society ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Right ◽  
Big Push ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soviet Experience

AbstractAfter the triumph of the October Revolution in Russia the issue of how to develop a backward economy towards a socialist society took pre-eminence. The relationship between agriculture and industry was one of the key issues. In this respect, the Left Opposition argued in favour of a Big Push for industrialisation financed through the exploitation of the peasantry, while the Right Deviation defended adjusting industrial growth to the development of the agricultural surplus. The First 5-Year Plan meant the complete victory of one of these positions. Unfortunately, all discussions were banned subsequently, the leading figures of these two factions were expelled from the Party and many of them executed. Yet, this problem was of the utmost importance for underdeveloped countries, as Development Economics was to discover 25 years later. This new branch of Economics would have benefitted greatly from the lessons of the Soviet experience regarding industrialisation, as well as from the theoretical discussions surrounding it.

Economic Views of L. Trotsky

2004 ◽  
pp. 142-157
Author(s):  
M. Voeikov ◽  
S. Dzarasov
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Russian History ◽  
History Of

The paper written in the light of 125th birth anniversary of L. Trotsky analyzes the life and ideas of one of the most prominent figures in the Russian history of the 20th century. He was one of the leaders of the Russian revolution in its Bolshevik period, worked with V. Lenin and played a significant role in the Civil War. Rejected by the party bureaucracy L. Trotsky led uncompromising struggle against Stalinism, defending his own understanding of the revolutionary ideals. The authors try to explain these events in historical perspective, avoiding biases of both Stalinism and anticommunism.

Russian Protectionism: Problems of Institutional Heritage

2012 ◽  
pp. 96-114
Author(s):  
L. Tsedilin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
The State ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
State Monopoly ◽  
The Times ◽  
Soviet Experience

The article analyzes the pre-revolutionary and the Soviet experience of the protectionist policies. Special attention is paid to the external economic policy during the times of NEP (New Economic Policy), socialist industrialization and the years of 1970-1980s. The results of the state monopoly on foreign trade and currency transactions in the Soviet Union are summarized; the economic integration in the frames of Comecon is assessed.

What Did The Study of The Soviet Economy Contribute to Mainstream Economics?

2010 ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
M. Ellman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Soviet Economy ◽  
General Equilibrium Theory ◽  
Mainstream Economics ◽  
Universal Applicability ◽  
Soviet Experience

This article is an overview of the contribution made by economic Sovietology to mainstream economics. The long debate about the universal applicability of mainstream economics is reconsidered in the light of the Soviet experience. Information is provided on the contribution of the study of the Soviet economy to fields as diverse as the measurement of economic growth, institutional economics, economic administration, the economics of property rights, the economics of the informal sector, the economics of famines, the Austrian critique of general equilibrium theory, and incentives.

A Sacred Space Is Never Empty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Smolkin
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Mikhail Gorbachev ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
Sacred Spaces ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Communist Ideology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Experiment

When the Bolsheviks set out to build a new world in the wake of the Russian Revolution, they expected religion to die off. Soviet power used a variety of tools—from education to propaganda to terror—to turn its vision of a Communist world without religion into reality. Yet even with its monopoly on ideology and power, the Soviet Communist Party never succeeded in overcoming religion and creating an atheist society. This book presents the first history of Soviet atheism from the 1917 revolution to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The book argues that to understand the Soviet experiment, we must make sense of Soviet atheism. It shows how atheism was reimagined as an alternative cosmology with its own set of positive beliefs, practices, and spiritual commitments. Through its engagements with religion, the Soviet leadership realized that removing religion from the “sacred spaces” of Soviet life was not enough. Then, in the final years of the Soviet experiment, Mikhail Gorbachev—in a stunning and unexpected reversal—abandoned atheism and reintroduced religion into Soviet public life. The book explores the meaning of atheism for religious life, for Communist ideology, and for Soviet politics.

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