Yokoyama, Taikan [横山大観] (1868–1958)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve Loh Kazuhara
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Cultural Properties ◽  
Mount Fuji

The name Yokoyama Taikan is synonymous with Nihonga (Japanese-style painting) and the Japan Art Institute [Nihon Bijutsuin, 日本美術院]. Taikan was among the first batch of students enrolled at the Tokyo School of Fine Arts in 1887 and was closely mentored by the school’s founder, Okakura Tenshin. When Tenshin left to establish the Japan Art Institute in 1898, Taikan followed, one member of an exodus of students from the school. His career became closely associated with the Institute, and in 1914, Taikan revitalized and re-organized the Institute, which had become inactive upon Tenshin’s passing. Taikan is well known for his repertoire of works which include paintings of customs and manners [fûzoku-ga, 風俗画], historical figures, and landscapes. He is most well known for his paintings of Mount Fuji and the works Eight Views of the Xiao and Xiang Rivers (1912) and The Wheel of Life (1923), which are classified as Important Cultural Properties. Throughout his life, Taikan continued to exhibit at almost every government-sponsored exhibition, in addition to those held by the Japan Art Institute. In 1937, Taikan was awarded the Order of Culture recognizing his achievement as a Nihonga artist.

Kim, Pok-chin [김복진, 金復鎭] (1901–1940)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungsil Jenny Lee
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Korean War ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Colonial Korea ◽  
Literary Movement ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Korean War

Kim Pok-chin was a pioneering modern sculptor, art critic, and socialist agitator who led a progressive literary movement in colonial Korea. Studies of Kim and his art date mostly after 1988, due to national security laws in South Korea that had prevented previous research. Kim learned sculpture at the Tokyo School of Fine Arts from 1920 to 1925. He left behind a wide range of work on both traditional and modern subjects. In his nudes, monumental statues of great Korean historical figures, and Buddhist subjects, Kim’s style was representational, realistic, and Western. These works were done in various media such as clay, bronze, gold, and wood. In addition to sculpture, Kim was interested in literature and modern theater. In 1923, he established the play performance group T’owŏlhoe in Japan. Moreover, Kim was a leader of the Socialist writers’ group, KAPF (Korea Artista Proleta Federatio, 1925–1935). He fought for Korea’s liberation from Japan and then for the people’s revolution against Feudalism. From 1928 to 1933, Kim was imprisoned for his secret work with the Communist Party and then died suddenly. During the Korean War, most of his art was lost with only a few Maitreya statues remaining in local Buddhist monasteries.

scholarly journals Visualization of the Legend of Mazepa: substance, genesis, evolution, traditional and modern interpretations

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-52
Author(s):  
Olga Kovalevska
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
The Core ◽  
Historical Figure ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Modern Technologies

The omnipresence of modern technologies and free access to information granted to general public facilitated demythologization of our history, refutation of ingrained archaic stereotypes and propagation of historical knowledge and better understanding of intellectual and cultural heritage. However, lack of systemic approach to processing of the information found, partial coverage of disparate topics and blatant ignorance of how the source interpretations evolved, repeated public indoctrination with second-hand interpretations (i.e. referring to previous interpretations) without explanation of the original semantics of text or image, as well as pathological graphorrhea of certain authors promoted by facilities and resources of numerous social networks, all result in profanation of the epistemological process. In certain cases, this situation is aggravated by the controversy embedded in the written or visual source itself, as well as by the intentional or unintentional bias against a certain historical figure described or depicted by the source, that is smothered in the current confrontation between different myth-making systems or information war. This article exposes the core and sources of the so-called "Hippolytus legend" and its visualization in the XVII-XIX paintings. It puts under scrutiny when and under what circumstances this work of ancient literature transformed into "the Legend of Mazepa". It also exposes the evolution in ХІХ - ХХІ centures of the new edition of the romantic legend presented by the literature, works of fine arts and decorative and applied arts. Various versions of traditional visual interpretations have been analysed along with the underlying reasoning and causes for the emergence of contemporised visual presentation of the well-known image of Mazepa tied to the horse’s croup. The semantic modifications of so-called distorted images of "modern Mazepas" have also been exposed. The historical figures had been most often branded as "modern Mazepas" have also been put under scrutiny. Such a detailed analysis of both Mazepa's literary and visual image and the peculiarities of the emergence and subsequent interpretations of the "Mazepa's lore" are crucial for understanding of the ancient texts and images that are not always correctly interpreted nowadays, thus spawning numerous new fabrications and myths.

Checking library collection enables to analyze its composition as exemplified by the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts Research Library

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Parkhomenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Research Library ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
Library Collection ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Book Collections ◽  
Museum Of Fine Arts

The Library of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts is rich in rare and unique publications, and those of memorial value. The collection checking envisages visual revision and analysis of every book, and during this process the specialists revealed a number of valuable publications for further research. Also all registered publication went through the stage of initial collection specification (e.g., Rumyantsev museum collection, collection of the New Western Arts Museum, memorial libraries, etc). Currently, this information has been being entered into the e-catalog. This will enable to verify special arrays within the Research Library’s collection and simplify investigations into historical and memorial book collections and individual valuable publications.

Examination of Condition of Historical Transparent Structures of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Spiridonov ◽  
Nina P. Umnyakova ◽  
Boris L. Valkin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Museum Of Fine Arts

The article describes the results of the second part of examination related to transparent structures of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts: the lantern lights. The structures are cultural heritage of federal importance and are subject to state preservation. Based on the results of comprehensive examination, the conclusions were made that these structures are in unsatisfactory condition and materials were prepared for development of recommendations concerning their restoration.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Randall
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
James Madison ◽  
Modern Conception ◽  
Political World ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Constitutional Thought

The changed conception of conversation that emerged by c.1700 was about to expand its scope enormously – to the broad culture of Enlightenment Europe, to the fine arts, to philosophy and into the broad political world, both via the conception of public opinion and via the constitutional thought of James Madison (1751–1836). In the Enlightenment, the early modern conception of conversation would expand into a whole wing of Enlightenment thought. The intellectual history of the heirs of Cicero and Petrarch would become the practice of millions and the constitutional architecture of a great republic....

‘[T]his world is now thy pilgrimage’: William Michael Rossetti's Cognitive Maps of France and Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-99
Author(s):  
Eleonora Sasso
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Venice Lagoon ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mental Picture ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
St Helena

This paper takes as its starting point the conceptual metaphor ‘life is a journey’ as defined by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) in order to advance a new reading of William Michael Rossetti's Democratic Sonnets (1907). These political verses may be defined as cognitive-semantic poems, which attest to the centrality of travel in the creation of literary and artistic meaning. Rossetti's Democratic Sonnets is not only a political manifesto against tyranny and oppression, promoting the struggle for liberalism and democracy as embodied by historical figures such as Napoleon, Mazzini, Cavour, and Garibaldi; but it also reproduces Rossetti's real and imagined journeys throughout Europe in the late nineteenth century. This essay examines these references in light of the issues they raise, especially the poet as a traveller and the journey metaphor in poetry. But its central purpose is to re-read Democratic Sonnets as a cognitive map of Rossetti's mental picture of France and Italy. A cognitive map, first theorised by Edward Tolman in the 1940s, is a very personal representation of the environment that we all experience, serving to navigate unfamiliar territory, give direction, and recall information. In terms of cognitive linguistics, Rossetti is a figure whose path is determined by French and Italian landmarks (Paris, the island of St. Helena, the Alps, the Venice Lagoon, Mount Vesuvius, and so forth), which function as reference points for orientation and are tied to the historical events of the Italian Risorgimento. Through his sonnets, Rossetti attempts to build into his work the kind of poetic revolution and sense of history which may only be achieved through encounters with other cultures.

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