The Report of the Inter-Departmental Committee on Physical Deterioration (London: HMSO, 1905), pp. 13–17.

2021 ◽  
pp. 276-283
Author(s):  
John Griffiths
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Catherine Morley

A hermeneutic phenomenology was undertaken to explore eating and feeding experiences with 11 women living with changed health status and who had household feeding responsibilities. Thematic analysis yielded two distinct narratives; those in Life-the-Same (LS) group (n=3; participants whose lives were relatively the same after a period of adjustment), and the Life Altered (LA) group (n=8) (those whose lives were completely altered as a result of their condition). Participants in the LS group had adjusted to new dietary, exercise, and medication routines, achieved physiologic goals, and retained eating and feeding routines at and away from home. Participants in the LA group experienced profound changes in ingesting and digesting food, and eliminating waste, physical appearance, and in enjoyment of eating, and rarely left home. Anticipated physiologic effects of dietary change were not achieved due to physical deterioration. Family and friends took on feeding duties when the regular ‘feeder’ was acutely ill, however, participants resumed these roles as soon as they were able (even though they remained unwell) owing to the strength of role identification. The Organizational Framework for Exploring Nutrition Narratives (OFFENN) emerged from the analysis, and is comprised of four domains (Personal; Household; Beyond Household; and Unthoughts), and four filters (Events/Facts; Values/Beliefs; Actions; Emotions and Reflections). The framework offers a means to explore clients’ narratives and to invite conversations about eating and feeding; it is not meant to be prescriptive of dietary guidance, and has application in dietetics education (in preparing students for their counselling roles and in informing research).


Author(s):  
V. Grachev ◽  
N. Kurysheva ◽  
O. Plyamina ◽  
V. Lobkovskiy ◽  
E. Nefedova

Проведенный анализ современных нормативноправовых документов и практики оценки физического износа структурно сложных объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства показал, что современные методы оценки не учитывают особенности этих объектов. Выявлены факторы, влияющие на структуру показателей оценки физического износа по основным группам и элементам объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства. На их основе разработан алгоритм оценки физического износа объектов с применением рискориентированного подхода для трех уровней: объект, технологические элементы объекта (сооружения), функциональные элементы в составе сооружений (здания, оборудование). Использование алгоритма позволяет разработать рекомендации по корректировке периодичности и частоте проведения мониторинга показателей уровня физического износа объектов централизованных систем водоснабжения и водоотведения и их элементов. Практическое применение разработанного алгоритма будет способствовать внедрению современных подходов по управлению рисками, связанными с уровнем физического износа и оценкой вероятности потенциальных негативных последствий природного, антропогенного и другого характера. Внедрение алгоритма позволит также устанавливать уязвимые области и проводить предупредительные мероприятия в отношении возникновения угрозы нарушения обязательных требований, в том числе меры по снижению рисков (техникотехнологическое обновление зданий, сооружений, оборудования). Это необходимо для объективного и обоснованного планирования капитального ремонта, восстановления и развития объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства и их элементов.The paper analyzes current regulatory documents and experience in the field of assessing the deterioration of structurally complex water supply and sanitation facilities. The paper shows that modern assessment procedures do not take into account any features of such objects. The paper identifies factors that affect the indicator framework for assessing the physical deterioration of the main groups and components of water supply and sanitation facilities. Based on these factors, the paper proposes an algorithm for assessing the physical deterioration of facilities using a riskoriented approach for three levels: an object itself, its engineering components (facilities), and their functional elements (buildings, equipment). The paper indicates that the use of the algorithm would provide for developing recommendations for adjusting the frequency of monitoring indicators of the physical deterioration level of facilities of public water supply and sanitation systems and their elements. The implementation of the developed algorithm would contribute to the successful introduction of advanced approaches to managing risks associated with the level of physical deterioration and assessing the probability of potential negative consequences of natural, anthropogenic, and other origins. The introduction of the algorithm would also allow identifying vulnerable areas and taking preventive measures against the threat of violation of mandatory requirements including measures for reducing risks (technical and engineering renovation of buildings, facilities, equipment). This is required for objective and substantiated planning of overhaul, restoration, and development of water supply and sanitation facilities and their components.


Author(s):  
Kai Kisielinski ◽  
Paul Giboni ◽  
Andreas Prescher ◽  
Bernd Klosterhalfen ◽  
David Graessel ◽  
...  

Many countries introduced the requirement to wear masks in public spaces for containing SARS-CoV-2 making it commonplace in 2020. Up until now, there has been no comprehensive investigation as to the adverse health effects masks can cause. The aim was to find, test, evaluate and compile scientifically proven related side effects of wearing masks. For a quantitative evaluation, 44 mostly experimental studies were referenced, and for a substantive evaluation, 65 publications were found. The literature revealed relevant adverse effects of masks in numerous disciplines. In this paper, we refer to the psychological and physical deterioration as well as multiple symptoms described because of their consistent, recurrent and uniform presentation from different disciplines as a Mask-Induced Exhaustion Syndrome (MIES). We objectified evaluation evidenced changes in respiratory physiology of mask wearers with significant correlation of O2 drop and fatigue (p < 0.05), a clustered co-occurrence of respiratory impairment and O2 drop (67%), N95 mask and CO2 rise (82%), N95 mask and O2 drop (72%), N95 mask and headache (60%), respiratory impairment and temperature rise (88%), but also temperature rise and moisture (100%) under the masks. Extended mask-wearing by the general population could lead to relevant effects and consequences in many medical fields.


1909 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 401-411
Author(s):  
John B. Story

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