Transboundary air pollution: a tale of two paradigms

2015 ◽  
pp. 233-260
Author(s):  
Alan Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Transboundary Air Pollution

scholarly journals Transboundary air pollution reduction rapidly reflected in stream water chemistry in forested catchment on the sea of Japan coast in central Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 118223
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sase ◽  
Tatsuyoshi Saito ◽  
Masaaki Takahashi ◽  
Masayuki Morohashi ◽  
Naoyuki Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Stream Water Chemistry ◽  
Forested Catchment ◽  
Transboundary Air Pollution

scholarly journals Contribution of Local and Transboundary Air Pollution to the Urban Air Quality of Fukuoka, Japan

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Ayako Yoshino ◽  
Akinori Takami ◽  
Keiichiro Hara ◽  
Chiharu Nishita-Hara ◽  
Masahiko Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Transboundary Air Pollution ◽  
Local Air Pollution ◽  
The City

Transboundary air pollution (TAP) and local air pollution (LAP) influence the air quality of urban areas. Fukuoka, located on the west side of Japan and affected by TAP from the Asian continent, is a unique example for understanding the contribution of LAP and TAP. Gaseous species and particulate matter (PM) were measured for approximately three weeks in Fukuoka in the winter of 2018. We classified two distinctive periods, LAP and TAP, based on wind speed. The classification was supported by variations in the concentration of gaseous species and by backward trajectories. Most air pollutants, including NOx and PM, were high in the LAP period and low in the TAP period. However, ozone was the exception. Therefore, our findings suggest that reducing local emissions is necessary. Ozone was higher in the TAP period, and the variation in ozone concentration was relatively small, indicating that ozone was produced outside of the city and transported to Fukuoka. Thus, air pollutants must also be reduced at a regional scale, including in China.

scholarly journals Norms, Incentives, or Deadlines? Explaining Norway’s Noncompliance with the Gothenburg Protocol

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kokkvoll Tveit
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Emissions Reductions ◽  
Transboundary Air Pollution ◽  
2010 Target ◽  
Deadline Pressure ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Gothenburg Protocol

Norway, previously an international frontrunner concerning reductions of transboundary air pollution, fell far short of its 2010 target for nitrogen oxides (NO x) under the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol. In this article I show that leading international compliance theories cannot explain much of this noncompliance. While little evidence supports the management school’s explanations, Norwegian policies are also inconsistent with the enforcement school. Albeit too late to meet the deadline, Norway imposed a NO x tax in 2007. Moreover, the resulting emissions reductions were deeper than in a business-as-usual scenario, despite no international enforcement. That the NO x tax was imposed only after an environmentalist party gained considerable influence over NO x policies in 2005 supports an office-incumbent hypothesis. However, as emissions also declined significantly in many other European countries after 2005, the explanation is likely structural. One possibility is the deadline-pressure hypothesis: As the deadline approached, decision-makers across Northern and Western Europe considered emissions reductions to be more urgent than before.

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