Debates on the historical origins of agrarian capitalism

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Xavier Lafrance
Keyword(s):  
Agrarian Capitalism ◽  
Historical Origins

The “Twilight of the Poets” in the Age of Realism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Renker
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Print Culture ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Prose Fiction ◽  
Literary Movement ◽  
The Core ◽  
Multiple Voices ◽  
Institutional Status ◽  
Literary Histories ◽  
Historical Origins

American literary histories of the post-Civil War period typically treat “poetry” and “realism” as oppositional phenomena. The core narrative holds that “realism,” the major literary “movement” of the era, developed apace in prose fiction, while poetry, stuck in a hopelessly idealist late-romantic mode, languished and stagnated in a genteel “twilight of the poets.” This chapter excavates the historical origins of the twilight narrative in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. It shows how this narrative emerged as a function of a particular idealist ideology of poetry that circulated widely in authoritative print-culture sites. The chapter demonstrates that the twilight narrative was only one strain in a complex cultural debate about poetry, a debate that entailed multiple voices and positions that would later fall out of literary history when the twilight narrative achieved institutional status as fact.

INTERGENERATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL MOBILITY IN 19TH-CENTURY SPAIN (VALENCIA), 1841-1870

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Carlos Santiago-Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Occupational Mobility ◽  
International Markets ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
Agrarian Capitalism

ABSTRACT This paper sheds light on a crucial period of Spanish economic history, analysing changes in intergenerational occupational mobility. We use newly collected empirical evidence from Valencia, a region that followed a path of growth based on agrarian capitalism focused on international markets. We show that occupational mobility improved between 1841 and 1850, but that this situation reversed during the following decades. The opportunities offered to individuals from poorer families quickly disappeared. Put in international perspective, occupational mobility in Valencia was far lower than in other European countries, where both downward and especially upward mobility were considerably higher. By 1870, Valencia had become a polarised society, where the lowest part of the income distribution suffered increasing pauperisation and downward mobility.

scholarly journals Lights and Shadows in Hepatic Encephalopathy Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Piero Amodio ◽  
Sara Montagnese
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Liver Insufficiency ◽  
Historical Origins

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a form of brain dysfunction that is caused by liver insufficiency and/or portal-systemic shunting. The exact nature of HE is debated; as such, conflicting uses of the term “HE” may cause inconsistencies in its detection and management. This review highlights the meaning of the term “HE” on the basis of its historical origins and current consensus. It also provides criteria for the diagnosis of the condition based on its phenotypes and risk factors for its occurrence. The procedure for differential diagnosis from other conditions which result in similar phenotypes is considered, together with precipitants and confounders. Finally, the current multidimensional approach for the correct clinical reporting of HE episodes is discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document