scholarly journals The topology of the permutation pattern poset

2014 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AT,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter McNamara ◽  
Einar Steingrımsson
Keyword(s):  
Homotopy Type ◽  
Recursive Formula ◽  
Large Classes ◽  
Permutation Pattern ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Rooted Forest ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Separable Permutations ◽  
Pattern Containment

International audience The set of all permutations, ordered by pattern containment, forms a poset. This extended abstract presents the first explicit major results on the topology of intervals in this poset. We show that almost all (open) intervals in this poset have a disconnected subinterval and are thus not shellable. Nevertheless, there seem to be large classes of intervals that are shellable and thus have the homotopy type of a wedge of spheres. We prove this to be the case for all intervals of layered permutations that have no disconnected subintervals of rank 3 or more. We also characterize in a simple way those intervals of layered permutations that are disconnected. These results carry over to the poset of generalized subword order when the ordering on the underlying alphabet is a rooted forest. We conjecture that the same applies to intervals of separable permutations, that is, that such an interval is shellable if and only if it has no disconnected subinterval of rank 3 or more. We also present a simplified version of the recursive formula for the Möbius function of decomposable permutations given by Burstein et al.

scholarly journals The Möbius function of separable permutations (extended abstract)

2010 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AN,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vít Jelínek ◽  
Eva Jelínková ◽  
Einar Steingrímsson
Keyword(s):  
Möbius Function ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Mobius Function ◽  
Nous Montrons ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Separable Permutations ◽  
Pattern Containment

International audience A permutation is separable if it can be generated from the permutation 1 by successive sums and skew sums or, equivalently, if it avoids the patterns 2413 and 3142. Using the notion of separating tree, we give a computationally efficient formula for the Möbius function of an interval $(q,p)$ in the poset of separable permutations ordered by pattern containment. A consequence of the formula is that the Möbius function of such an interval $(q,p)$ is bounded by the number of occurrences of $q$ as a pattern in $p$. The formula also implies that for any separable permutation $p$ the Möbius function of $(1,p)$ is either 0, 1 or -1. Une permutation est séparable si elle peut être générée á partir de la permutation 1 par des sommes directes et des sommes indirectes, ou de façon équivalente, si elle évite les motifs 2413 et 3142. En utilisant le concept de l'arbre séparant, nous donnons une formule pour le calcul efficace de la fonction de Möbius d'un intervalle de $(q, p)$ dans l'ensemble partiellement ordonné des permutations séparables. Une conséquence est que la fonction de Möbius de $(q,p)$ pour $q$ et $p$ séparables est bornée par le nombre d'occurrences de $q$ comme un motif en $p$. Nous montrons aussi que pour une permutation $p$ séparable, la fonction de Möbius de $(1,p)$ est soit 0, 1 ou -1.

scholarly journals Canonical and log canonical thresholds of multiple projective spaces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Pukhlikov
Keyword(s):  
Projective Space ◽  
Projective Spaces ◽  
Regularity Conditions ◽  
Large Classes ◽  
Log Canonical Threshold ◽  
Birational Rigidity ◽  
Log Canonical ◽  
Finite Set ◽  
Dimensional Projective Space ◽  
Almost All

AbstractWe show that the global (log) canonical threshold of d-sheeted covers of the M-dimensional projective space of index 1, where $$d\geqslant 4$$d⩾4, is equal to 1 for almost all families (except for a finite set). The varieties are assumed to have at most quadratic singularities, the rank of which is bounded from below, and to satisfy the regularity conditions. This implies birational rigidity of new large classes of Fano–Mori fibre spaces over a base, the dimension of which is bounded from above by a constant that depends (quadratically) on the dimension of the fibre only.

scholarly journals The absence of a pattern and the occurrences of another

2010 ◽  
Vol Vol. 12 no. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Bóna
Keyword(s):  
Exact Enumeration ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Permutation Pattern ◽  
International Audience

International audience Following a question of J. Cooper, we study the expected number of occurrences of a given permutation pattern q in permutations that avoid another given pattern r. In some cases, we find the pattern that occurs least often, (resp. most often) in all r-avoiding permutations. We also prove a few exact enumeration formulae, some of which are surprising.

scholarly journals A Formula for the Möbius Function of the Permutation Poset Based on a Topological Decomposition

2020 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings, 28th... ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason P Smith
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Möbius Function ◽  
Permutation Patterns ◽  
Mobius Function ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Pattern Containment ◽  
Exponential Complexity ◽  
Exponential Part

International audience The poset P of all permutations ordered by pattern containment is a fundamental object of study in the field of permutation patterns. This poset has a very rich and complex topology and an understanding of its Möbius function has proved particularly elusive, although results have been slowly emerging in the last few years. Using a variety of topological techniques we present a two term formula for the Mo ̈bius function of intervals in P. The first term in this formula is, up to sign, the number of so called normal occurrences of one permutation in another. Our definition of normal occurrences is similar to those that have appeared in several variations in the literature on the Möbius function of this and other posets, but simpler than most of them. The second term in the formula is (still) complicated, but we conjecture that it equals zero for a significant proportion of intervals. We present some cases where the second term vanishes and others where it is nonzero. Computing the Möbius function recursively from its definition has exponential complexity, whereas the computation of the first term in our formula is polynomial and the exponential part is isolated to the second term, which seems to often vanish. This is thus the first polynomial time formula for the Möbius function of what appears to be a large proportion of all intervals of P.

scholarly journals On the density and the structure of the Peirce-like formulae

2008 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AI,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Genitrini ◽  
Jakub Kozik ◽  
Grzegorz Matecki
Keyword(s):  
Finite Number ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Partial Answer ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Almost All

International audience Within the language of propositional formulae built on implication and a finite number of variables $k$, we analyze the set of formulae which are classical tautologies but not intuitionistic (we call such formulae - Peirce's formulae). We construct the large family of so called simple Peirce's formulae, whose sequence of densities for different $k$ is asymptotically equivalent to the sequence $\frac{1}{ 2 k^2}$. We prove that the densities of the sets of remaining Peirce's formulae are asymptotically bounded from above by $\frac{c}{ k^3}$ for some constant $c \in \mathbb{R}$. The result justifies the statement that in the considered language almost all Peirce's formulae are simple. The result gives a partial answer to the question stated in the recent paper by H. Fournier, D. Gardy, A. Genitrini and M. Zaionc - although we have not proved the existence of the densities for Peirce's formulae, our result gives lower and upper bound for it (if it exists) and both bounds are asymptotically equivalent to $\frac{1}{ 2 k^2}$.

scholarly journals Combinatorial specification of permutation classes

2012 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AR,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédérique Bassino ◽  
Mathilde Bouvel ◽  
Adeline Pierrot ◽  
Carine Pivoteau ◽  
Dominique Rossin
Keyword(s):  
Generating Function ◽  
Pattern Avoidance ◽  
System Of Equations ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Pattern Containment

International audience This article presents a methodology that automatically derives a combinatorial specification for the permutation class $\mathcal{C} = Av(B)$, given its basis $B$ of excluded patterns and the set of simple permutations in $\mathcal{C}$, when these sets are both finite. This is achieved considering both pattern avoidance and pattern containment constraints in permutations.The obtained specification yields a system of equations satisfied by the generating function of $\mathcal{C}$, this system being always positive and algebraic. It also yields a uniform random sampler of permutations in $\mathcal{C}$. The method presented is fully algorithmic. Cet article présente une méthodologie qui calcule automatiquement une spécification combinatoire pour la classe de permutations $\mathcal{C} = Av(B)$, étant donnés une base $B$ de motifs interdits et l’ensemble des permutations simples de $\mathcal{C}$, lorsque ces deux ensembles sont finis. Ce résultat est obtenu en considérant à la fois des contraintes de motifs interdits et de motifs obligatoires dans les permutations. La spécification obtenue donne un système d’équations satisfait par la série génératrice de la classe $\mathcal{C}$, système qui est toujours positif et algébrique. Elle fournit aussi un générateur aléatoire uniforme de permutations dans $\mathcal{C}$. La méthode présentée est complètement algorithmique.

scholarly journals Crooked Maps in Finite Fields

2005 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AE,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gohar Kyureghyan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Fields ◽  
Geometrical Characterization ◽  
Power Maps ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Almost All

International audience We consider the maps $f:\mathbb{F}_{2^n} →\mathbb{F}_{2^n}$ with the property that the set $\{ f(x+a)+ f(x): x ∈F_{2^n}\}$ is a hyperplane or a complement of hyperplane for every $a ∈\mathbb{F}_{2^n}^*$. The main goal of the talk is to show that almost all maps $f(x) = Σ_{b ∈B}c_b(x+b)^d$, where $B ⊂\mathbb{F}_{2^n}$ and $Σ_{b ∈B}c_b ≠0$, are not of that type. In particular, the only such power maps have exponents $2^i+2^j$ with $gcd(n, i-j)=1$. We give also a geometrical characterization of this maps.

scholarly journals Hopf algebra of permutation pattern functions

2014 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AT,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannic Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Hopf Algebra ◽  
Hopf Algebras ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Algebraic Combinatorics ◽  
Permutation Patterns ◽  
Permutation Pattern ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Pattern Functions

International audience We study permutation patterns from an algebraic combinatorics point of view. Using analogues of the classical shuffle and infiltration products for word, we define two new Hopf algebras of permutations related to the notion of permutation pattern. We show several remarkable properties of permutation patterns functions, as well their occurrence in other domains.

scholarly journals Students’ Perception on Social Media in Writing Class at STKIP Muhammadiyah Rappang, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geminastiti Sakkir ◽  
Qashas Rahman ◽  
Kisman Salija
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Writing Classroom ◽  
Large Classes ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Writing Class ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
Almost All

<p>Almost all students use social media, but few lecturers use it in their teaching process. This study examines students’ perceptions of the use of social media in the process of teaching English in STKIP Rappang Muhammadiyah, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study was conducted using a mixed method, including quantitative and qualitative data. Data were collected using a questionnaire that collected background information of participants, a four-point Likert scale to gauge the students’ perceived use of social media in class, and open-ended questions to gather more data rich in the beliefs, attitudes, wishes and concerns of students regarding the use of social media in the writing classroom. Findings from this study indicate that the majority of students showed a positive attitude toward and a willingness to use social media in the writing classroom. However, factors such as large classes, lack of training on the use of the Internet, and the lack of facilities could be possible barriers to the use of social media in the classroom.</p>

scholarly journals Permutations realized by shifts

2009 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AK,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergi Elizalde
Keyword(s):  
Relative Order ◽  
Letter Alphabet ◽  
Infinite Word ◽  
Set Of Permutations ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Forbidden Patterns ◽  
Pattern Containment

International audience A permutation $\pi$ is realized by the shift on $N$ symbols if there is an infinite word on an $N$-letter alphabet whose successive left shifts by one position are lexicographically in the same relative order as $\pi$. The set of realized permutations is closed under consecutive pattern containment. Permutations that cannot be realized are called forbidden patterns. It was shown in [J.M. Amigó, S. Elizalde and M. Kennel, $\textit{J. Combin. Theory Ser. A}$ 115 (2008), 485―504] that the shortest forbidden patterns of the shift on $N$ symbols have length $N+2$. In this paper we give a characterization of the set of permutations that are realized by the shift on $N$ symbols, and we enumerate them with respect to their length. Une permutation $\pi$ est réalisée par le $\textit{shift}$ avec $N$ symboles s'il y a un mot infini sur un alphabet de $N$ lettres dont les déplacements successifs d'une position à gauche sont lexicographiquement dans le même ordre relatif que $\pi$. Les permutations qui ne sont pas réalisées s'appellent des motifs interdits. On sait [J.M. Amigó, S. Elizalde and M. Kennel, $\textit{J. Combin. Theory Ser. A}$ 115 (2008), 485―504] que les motifs interdits les plus courts du $\textit{shift}$ avec $N$ symboles ont longueur $N+2$. Dans cet article on donne une caractérisation des permutations réalisées par le $\textit{shift}$ avec $N$ symboles, et on les dénombre selon leur longueur.

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