Sedum pallidum (Crassulaceae) – alien species of the flora of plain part of Ukraine

Objective – to study the current distribution of Sedum pallidum in Ukraine, to analyze its state in the alien flora of Ukraine. Material and methods. The studies were conducted in 2008–2019 in the plain part of Ukraine and in the Mountain Crimea. Literature information, several national herbarium collections and other sources were analyzed. Special attention was paid to the delimitation of synantropic locations of S. pallidum from cultural ones. Results. S. pallidum is a sub-euxine species, which range occupies the Mountain Crimea. It is widely cultivated throughout Ukraine and is prone to naturalization, thanks to its vegetative and generative reproduction. In general, about 30 synantropic locations of S. pallidum have been recorded, mainly in the Middle Prydniprovia and Western Ukraine. Urban lawns and roadsides on light substrates are favorable ecological niches for S. pallidum. Соnclusions. S. pallidum is the alien species in the flora of the plain part of Ukraine and ergasiophyte in its origin. A potential secondary synanthropic range of this species occupies the whole country except the Carpathian highlands. It has been established that S. pallidum in the culture of the Forest-Steppe is a perennial herb. Two races identified in its composition (var. pallidum and var. bithynicum) are probably ecads, and have no systematic importance. In the culture, S. pallidum is characterized by successful vegetative and generative reproduction, which contributes to its naturalization. S. pallidum is often confused with other species of the genus, what does not contribute to its study in adventive floras. A key for S. pallidum determination has been proposed.

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Improving Checklists of Alien Plants with Digitised Herbarium Collections: The Example of D.R. Congo (Africa)

10.21203/rs.3.rs-516922/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Farzaneh Bordbar ◽

Pierre Meerts

Keyword(s):

Alien Species ◽

Plant Species ◽

Field Work ◽

Sampling Effort ◽

Alien Plant Species ◽

Alien Plant ◽

Widespread Species ◽

Native Flora ◽

Alien Flora ◽

Herbarium Collections

Abstract The Democratic Republic of the Congo (D.R. Congo) represents a striking gap of knowledge on alien plant species. In this paper, we use digitised herbarium collections to assemble a checklist of alien plant species in D.R. Congo and to examine patterns in the alien flora. The new checklist comprises 426 alien species i.e., 182 (42.5%) casuals, 244 (57.5%) naturalised of which 80 (19% of aliens) are invasive. Discrepancies with previous databases are discussed. For many species in previous databases, we failed to find evidence for occurrence outside cultivation. A total of 158 taxa were not included in previous lists, 44 of which are new to D.R. Congo. Considering the size of the country and its rich native flora, the alien flora of D.R. Congo does not appear to be species rich. The alien flora is particularly rich in Fabaceae (15%) and in annual species (36%). America is by far the most important source continent (65%) and the proportion of annuals of American origin is particularly large among the most widespread species. Invasive success is discussed in terms of residence time. The very low number of new species records after 1960 is most likely accounted for by decreasing sampling effort. The results illustrate how herbarium collections can be used to critically revise existing checklists of alien species in tropical Africa. Field work is urgently needed to improve coverage of recent introductions and to monitor the status of alien species, especially in protected areas and around botanic gardens.

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Spread of alien plant species in the habitats of the Ukrainian Forest Steppe

Ekológia (Bratislava) ◽

10.1515/eko-2017-0011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 121-129

Author(s):

Nataliia Pashkevych ◽

Raisa Burda

Keyword(s):

Alien Species ◽

Plant Species ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Ecological Niches ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Alien Plant Species ◽

Habitat Types ◽

Alien Plant ◽

Widespread Species

Abstract In order to assess the level of anthropogenic transformation of the vegetation cover of the nature protected areas located within the Ukrainian Forest Steppe, we have analysed the distribution of alien species in natural and anthropogenic habitats. All recorded species are represented in habitats shaped by human activity: dominated by phanerophytes, which included deciduous and coniferous woodlands as well as shrublands of Rhamno-Prunetea class. The same number of species was found in grassland habitats and is caused by the huge number of potential ecological niches as a result of the complex structure and also by the proximity of transportation networks and watercourses. Biotopes of chamaephytes and nanophanerophytes, though being represented in all the studied sites, often have a very narrow ecological amplitude and occupy small areas, making it difficult for alien species to spread. About one-third of species were recorded across at least three habitat types; such species may be considered eurytopic in their secondary ranges. Most widespread species were Fallopia convolvulus L., Vicia angustifolia Reichard, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronqist, Phalacroloma annuum (L.) Dumort. and Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. At the same time, there was not a single species that would have occurred in all habitat types. In sum, agricultural lands and ruderal biotopes were highly invaded; three times less alien plant species occurred in woodlands, shrublands, grasslands and wasteland; and only small number of non-native species were restricted to continental water habitats.

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СИНАНТРОПІЗАЦІЯ ФЛОРИ ВОЛИНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University ◽

10.15421/201625 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (01) ◽

pp. 416-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L.О. Kotsun ◽

I.I. Kuzmishyna

Keyword(s):

Alien Species ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Moderate Degree ◽

Dissemination Strategy ◽

East European ◽

The North ◽

Forest Region ◽

Active Dissemination ◽

Natural Flora ◽

Herbarium Collections

Volyn region is located in North-Western Ukraine. Its territory is plain in the North and poorly hilly in the South with a total obliquely in a Northerly direction. The climate is temperate continental with mild winters and moderately warm enough wet summer. Sod-podzolic and meadow soils is predominate, sod, forest-steppe podzolized soils, typical black less common. According to physical and geographic zone, the area belongs to the zone of mixed coniferous-deciduous forests; by geobotanical zoning of Ukraine – the European broadleaved forest region, East European and Central provinces. Some 1272 species of vascular plants of natural flora were registered in the Volyn region during filed surveys in 1999-2015 together with retrospective data and herbarium collections. Among them the synanthropic group was isolated, which includes 507 species (over 38% of all the species). Local synanthropic apophytes species (ca. 287) are dominated over antropophytes (220 species). The ratio between these two groups is 1.3:1. This is the evidence that the synanthropic flora was formed with domination of local explerent apophytes followed by adventive plant species. Species with active dissemination strategy in seminatural and transformed ecosystems like hemiapophytes (149 species) are dominated among the apophytes by the degree of adaptation to the anthropogenically transformed conditions. It was found that 220 species belong to antropophytes among which the kenophytes (111 species) dominate by time of invasion. We also registered some 109 species of arheophytes. The ratio between these two groups is 0.9:1.0, which indicates the moderate degree of invasion of alien species to the study area. The xenophytes (111 species) are dominated by the method of invasion. The epekophytes (159 species) – species that which grow in communities that would disappear with the cessation of human activities dominate by the degree of naturalization. We distinguished the group of alien species with high phytocoenotic activities that are the herbaceous annuals or milticarpos with the core root system without underground shoots of North American origin.

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The alien flora of Sudan and South Sudan: taxonomic and biogeographical composition

Biological Invasions ◽

10.1007/s10530-021-02495-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Omer ◽

Maha Kordofani ◽

Haytham H. Gibreel ◽

Petr Pyšek ◽

Mark van Kleunen

Keyword(s):

Alien Species ◽

South Sudan ◽

Plant Invasions ◽

Life Forms ◽

Alien Plants ◽

African Countries ◽

Alien Flora ◽

Result Show ◽

Perennial Herbs ◽

Disturbed Habitats

AbstractStudies on plant invasions depend on local and regional checklists of the alien flora. However, global overview studies have shown that some regions, including many African countries, remain understudied in this regard. To contribute to filling this gap, here we present the first checklist of alien plants of Sudan and South Sudan (the Sudans). We analysed the taxonomic and geographical composition of the species on this list. Our result show that of the 113 alien species in Sudans (99 in Sudan and 59 in South Sudan), 92 (81.4%) are naturalized and 21 (18.6%) are just casual aliens. The number of naturalized species represent 2.2% of the total flora of the Sudans (4096). The alien species belong to 44 families and 85 genera, and many of them are native to Southern America and Northern America (85.8%). Annual and perennial herbs are the prevailing life forms in the alien flora of the Sudans (68.1%), and, among the casual species, perennial herbs are underrepresented whereas woody tree species are over-represented. Alien plants of the Sudans are mostly used for medicinal and environmental purposes globally. The naturalized plants predominantly occur in man-made disturbed habitats, such as agricultural and ruderal habitats. This first overview of the alien flora of the Sudans should stimulate further research and recording of the alien flora to better understand the drivers and consequences of alien plants in the Sudans.

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Efficiency of fertilization systems in the short crop rotation of the Forest-Steppe of the Western Ukraine

Feeds and Feed Production ◽

10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo201987-14 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 93-101

Author(s):

A. L. Kyrylesko

Keyword(s):

Crop Rotation ◽

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Plant Residues ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Energy Estimation ◽

Energy Accumulation ◽

Energy Assessment ◽

Western Ukraine

The results of the energy assessment of the crop rotation chain in the Forest-Steppe of the Western Ukraine, humus balance in the soil, nitrogen circulation and plant residues are presented. It has been established that all the proposed fertilization systems are effective in terms of energy accumulation. It has been proved that application of mineral fertilizers in combination with organic fertilizers increases Kee values by 1.2 times. The results of energy estimation of a crop rotation link in the northern part of Forest Steppe of Ukraine are presented. It is established that effective in terms of the energy accumulation are all the proposed fertilizer systems. It is proved that the application of mineral fertilizers in the combination with organic ones increases Kee indices 1.2 times.

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SUBSTRATE GROUPS OF BRYOPHYTES IN THE TERRITORY OF THE ZNESINNYA REGIONAL LANDSCAPE PARK (LVIV, UKRAINE)

Contribuţii Botanice ◽

10.24193/contrib.bot.56.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 65-77

Author(s):

Zvenyslava MAMCHUR ◽

◽

Yuriy DRACH ◽

Marina RAGULINA ◽

Sergii PRYTULA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Species ◽

Field Research ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Herbaceous Vegetation ◽

Substrate Preferences ◽

Western Ukraine ◽

Regional Landscape ◽

Herbarium Collections ◽

The City ◽

Pellia Endiviifolia

The article presents data on the diversity and substrate groups of bryoflora of the Znesinnya Regional Landscape Park (Znesinnya RLP), located in the city of Lviv (Western Ukraine). Based on field research carried out in the period 2015-2018 and analysis of herbarium collections, an inventory was made of the bryoflora of the Znesinnya RLP. A total of 113 species of bryoflora belonging to 66 genera, 35 families and 2 divisions are presented from the investigated area. Of these, 105 species are members of the division Bryophyta and 8 belong to Marchantiophyta. Six regionally rare species of bryophytes have been recorded, namely Pellia endiviifolia, P. epiphylla, Encalypta streptocarpa, Fissidens exilis, Cirriphyllum crassinervium and Sciurohypnum starkei. With regard to substrate preferences, epigeous species of bryophytes predominated and accounted for 89.0% of the total number of species. The largest proportion of bryophytes occurred on bare soil (46.0%), while 36.3% and 25.7% species were found on soil among herbaceous vegetation and on soil with gravel, respectively. Stony substrates were colonized by 42.5% of bryophyte species, with 19.5% of species occurring on artificial stony substrates. In addition, 24.8% of the species belonged to epixils inhabiting old stumps and logs of varying degrees of decay, and the same proportion was represented by epiphytic species of bryophytes. The smallest proportion (10.7%) of bryophytes was confined to water bodies and swampy ecotopes.

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Opuntia puberula Hort. Vindob. ex. Preiffer, un nuevo taxón para la flora alóctona española.

Acta Botanica Malacitana ◽

10.24310/abm.v33i0.6997 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 332-334

Author(s):

Daniel Guillot Ortiz

Keyword(s):

Alien Species ◽

Alien Flora

Opuntia puberula Hort. Vindob. ex Pfeiffer, a new alien species in SpainPalabras clave. Alóctono, flora, Opuntia puberula.Keywords. Alien, flora, Opuntia puberula.

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ANALYSIS OF THE ALIEN FLORA OF DNIPROPETROVSK PROVINCE

Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University ◽

10.15421/2016113 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 419-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Baranoski ◽

N. Khromykh ◽

L. Karmyzova ◽

I. Ivanko ◽

Y. Lykholat

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Alien Species ◽

Plant Invasion ◽

Species Number ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Species Status ◽

Anthropogenic Transformation ◽

Alien Flora ◽

Invasive Status ◽

Total Species

Plant invasion in the Northern Steppe Dnieper has a long history complicated by excessive anthropogenic transformation of territory. Alien species status, origin areas, life history, and invasive tendency of alien species in Dnipropetrovsk region were investigated. The presence of 286 alien species of 61 families was registered. Some 7 families had the greatest species diversity (156 alien species that was 55% of total species number); 30 families were represented by 2–9 alien species, and 24 families contained only 1 alien species. So, the current proportion of the alien species was almost 17% in the regional flora. Archaeophytes consist of 40% of the total alien species, while neophytes had more than 60%. The proportion of naturalized species amounted 58% from alien species, whereas the share of casual species was 42%. The greatest abundance of alien species was typical for Brassicaceae, Asterasea, and Poaceae (14, 13, and 9% of the total species number). We proved invasive status of 28 species and positive trend regard alien species ratio for last years.

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Flora of the ussurian section of the Trans-siberian railway and its correlation with the characteristics of natural biomes

Herald of Tver State University. Series: Biology and Ecology ◽

10.26456/vtbio212 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 70-91

Author(s):

Мария Андреевна Галкина ◽

Виктория Николаевна Зеленкова ◽

Андрей Юрьевич Курской ◽

Валерий Константинович Тохтарь ◽

Jan Pergl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alien Species ◽

Plant Species ◽

Vascular Plants ◽

Vascular Plant ◽

Far East ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Sikhote Alin ◽

Ulmus Pumila ◽

Number Of Species ◽

The Far East

Проведена инвентаризация чужеродных и аборигенных видов растений вдоль Транссибирской магистрали на участке Тельман (Еврейская АО) - Хабаровск (Хабаровский край) - Владивосток (Приморский край) протяженностью 780 км. Исследована растительность 9 железнодорожных станций и участков железной дороги на перегонах, расположенных в трех естественных биомах: Амуро-Уссурийском подтаежном, Зее-Буреинском Приханкайском лесостепном и СихотэАлинском Южном. На каждом участке заложены площадки размером 100 м² в трех различных экотопах: на железнодорожном полотне, на откосах и на подошве железнодорожной насыпи в полосе отчуждения, всего составлено 66 геоботанических описаний. Выявлено 210 видов сосудистых растений: 22 вида древесных растений, 117 поликарпических и 71 вид монокарпических травянистых растений. Чужеродные для флоры Дальнего Востока виды составляют 35% найденных сосудистых растений, 11 из них входят в список самых опасных инвазионных видов России (ТОП-100). Наименее представлена группа древесных растений (10%), наиболее часто встречаются три дерева - инвазионный Acer negundo и аборигенные Salix nipponica и Ulmus pumila. Доля чужеродных видов минимальна в группе древесных растений - 18%. Максимальна доля чужеродных видов среди монокарпических трав (37 видов, 52%), причем большинство монокарпиков (28 видов) являются инвазионными.Наибольшее число видов (162, 77%) отмечено в Амуро-Уссурийском подтаежном биоме, 98 видов (47%) зарегистрировано в Зее-Буреинском Приханкайском лесостепном биоме и 72 вида (34%) - в Сихотэ- Алинском Южном биоме. Число видов коррелирует с природно- климатическими и флористическими характеристиками биомов; по снижению силы корреляции показатели располагаются в ряду: средняя температура → число видов сосудистых растений на 100 км² → среднегодовое количество осадков → общее число видов сосудистых растений. Наименее значимая корреляция с изученными характеристиками отмечена в группе монокарпических трав. Коэффициент сходства флор различных биомов сравнительно низок (Ks ≤ 45%), общими для всех трех биомов являются только 29 видов, причем 18 из них - чужеродные. Самое низкое сходство наблюдается между фитоценозами в полосе отчуждения: это демонстрирует сильное влияние естественной растительности на формирование «железнодорожной» флоры. An inventory of alien and native plant species along the Far East segment of Trans-Siberian Railway was carried out. The studied segment (780 km) runs from Telman station (Jewish Autonomous Region) through Khabarovsk (Khabarovsk Territory) to Vladivostok (Primorsky Territory). Vegetation was studied in three types of natural biomes - Amur-Ussuri Sub-Taiga biome, Zee-Bureya Prikhanka forest-steppe biome, and Sikhote Alin South biome. A total 66 releves were made. 210 species of vascular plants were identified: 22 woody, 117 polycarpic herbs and 71 monocarpic herbs. Alien species for the Far East account for 35% of the vascular plants found, 11 of which are included on the list of the most dangerous invasive species of Russia (Top 100). Woody species are the group that’s least represented (10%), and 3 trees are the most often recorded: invasive Acer negundo, native Salix nipponica and native Ulmus pumila. The maximum fraction of alien species is noted among monocarpic herbs (37 species, 52%), and the majority of these monocarpics (28 species) are invasive. The highest number of species (162, 77%) was recorded in the Amur-Ussuri Sub-Taiga biome. In the Zee-Bureya Prikhanka forest-steppe biome 98 species (47%) were recorded, and 72 species (34%) were recorded in the Sikhote Alin South biome. The number of species correlates with biomes’ natural-climatic and floristic characteristics; in terms of decreasing the force of correlation, the indicators are arranged in the following series: average temperature → number of vascular plant species per 100 km² → average annual precipitation → total number of vascular plant species in the biom. The group of monocarpic herbs has the lowest correlation with the studied factors. The similarity (Sørensen) of the species pool of different biomes is relatively low (Ks ≤ 45%); only 29 species are uniform to all three biomes, and 18 of them are alien ones. The lowest similarity was observed between the plant communities in the railway right of way: this demonstrates the significant influence of natural vegetation on forming the "railway" flora.

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Patterns in the alien flora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a comparison of Asteraceae and Fabaceae

Plant Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.5091/plecevo.2020.1754 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 153 (3) ◽

pp. 373-389

Author(s):

Farzaneh Bordbar ◽

Pierre Meerts

Keyword(s):

Alien Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Life Form ◽

Democratic Republic ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

Life Forms ◽

Trait Divergence ◽

Native Flora ◽

Alien Flora ◽

Republic Of The Congo

Background and aims – This work provides the first pattern analysis of the alien flora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (D.R. Congo), using Asteraceae and Fabaceae as a case study. Methods – Based on herbarium collections, existing databases, and literature data, a database of 38 alien species of Asteraceae and 79 alien species of Fabaceae has been assembled. Patterns in the introduction pathway, phylogeny, life form, morpho-functional traits, geographic origin, and occurrence in D.R. Congo are explored. Key results – America is the main source continent in both families, but Asia is also an important donor of Fabaceae. Taxonomic spectrum discrepancies between the alien and the native flora reflect the continent of origin. Sixty-six percent of alien Asteraceae have been accidentally introduced, most of which being annual weeds of disturbed soil. In contrast, 90% of alien Fabaceae have been deliberately introduced for forestry, agriculture, or environmental purposes, most of which being phanerophytes. Traits were compared between pairs of congeneric alien and native species. For Asteraceae, a sharp discrepancy was found in the life form spectrum (aliens: mostly therophytes; natives: phanerophytes). For Fabaceae, alien species had larger leaves and larger pods compared to their native congeners. The number of specimens in collections was positively correlated with the time since the date of first collection for both families. The Guineo-Congolian region has the highest number of alien Fabaceae, while alien Asteraceae are overrepresented in the Zambezian region.Conclusions – Contrasting patterns between alien Asteraceae and Fabaceae in the flora of D.R. Congo in terms of life forms, trait divergence compared to the native flora, and occurrence, reflect the divergent biological attributes and relations to humans of the two families. The striking discrepancies between the two families call for analyses of patterns of alien flora at family level and warn against global generalisations.

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