Transforming Competitiveness by Introducing Digital Platforms

The purpose of the proposed paper is to study the specific factors shaping the benefits of information platforms as an innovative institutional form and model of doing business. Active dissemination of the business model of online platforms radically transforms the competitive landscape of the market environment. The task of determining the sources and mechanisms for studying the changes that are taking place is being updated. New areas of competition include competition between hierarchical and network structures, between global «structuring» platforms, competition in dominant platform ecosystems, the interaction between platforms operating in competitive markets, competition between organizers and users, and between platform users. The impact of platforming on cross-industry, regional and international competition is determined. The sources of competitive advantages of platforms are investigated. These include reliance on data as the main factor of production, changing the cost structure of entering the market; the possibility of building large-scale networks, niche specialization, combining the effects of increasing the scale of production and demand, multihoming, multi productivity, network effects.

Digitalization in Education and Distance Barriers in the Russian Arctic: Problems and Prospects

In the era of digital technologies, the issues of providing highly qualified personnel, the effective use of the intellectual potential of the territory and the creation of conditions for its reproduction are of particular importance. These problems are more acute in remote areas of the Russian Arctic. This is due, firstly, to the ultradispersity of the settlement system in the Arctic of the Russian Federation, and, secondly, to the imbalance between the demand and supply of labor resources in territorial and professional terms. Digitalization has become an integral component of education all over the world; therefore, the purpose of this article is to assess the availability of education in the regions of the Russian Arctic and to search for new targets for quality education in the context of digital transformation. The existing educational environment in the Arctic regions is analyzed in the article. The impact of urbanization degree on affordable education in remote Arctic regions is assessed. The financial capabilities of the population are investigated. Based on the analysis, a number of problems associated with the active dissemination of new technologies are identified. Recommendations for improving the educational process are given, taking into account the digitalization of society. The main stages of modernization of the educational process in remote regions of the Arctic are identified.

Evolution of institutional forms of competitive relations: from the first to the fourth industrial revolution

The active introduction of information and communication technologies has significantly accelerated the transformation of institutional forms, and methods and mechanisms of competition. Network structures of information platforms (IP) have replaced the value chains. In these conditions, the study of development patterns of the institutional principles of successful competition becomes especially relevant. The methodological basis of the study is based on the use of tools of dialectical, historical-genetic, structural, and complementary qualitative analysis. The evolution of key institutional forms of competition in the process of transition from the First to the Fourth Industrial Revolutions is studied. The peculiarities of the role and place of IP as a universal institution and business model that receives competitive advantages in the conditions of active dissemination of digital technologies are revealed. The structure, the main sections of classification and directions of IP activities are presented. The author reveals the connection of the mechanisms for ensuring the IP competitiveness with their complementarity to the conditions of digitalization. The complementary place in the environment of the competitive interaction of IP as a network institutional form of the epoch of informatization is substantiated. It displaces in competitive markets hierarchical structures that were complementary to the needs of the industrial economy era. It is shown that the introduction of IP as the leading institutional structure of the information economy causes radical changes in the directions, the mechanism of competition and the competition policy of the state.

LIBRARY AS SOCIOCULTURAL PUBLIC SPACE IN CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATION

The purpose of the article is to show the role and capabilities of libraries in meeting the constantly growing information needs of users, as well as the compliance of library activities with the new challenges of the modern information society. The methodology consists of the use of general scientific and special methods, namely: analytical and synthetic processing of information, logical and systematic approaches, terminological and historical methods, as well as comparison and interrelation of theory and practice. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the expansion of ideas about the role of libraries and their influence on the development of modern information society. Conclusions. Modern libraries are transforming and developing together with society, taking on the role of information, cultural, educational, social, and community centers. The active dissemination of the experience of transformation of libraries with a specific readership, differentiation of areas is facilitated by the search for new methods and forms of socio-cultural activities of libraries in Ukraine. Among them, there is a realization of the four-dimensional model of public library activity; conceptual model of a flexible library; digital education project «Public libraries as hubs for active citizens» and many others. Libraries create conditions for self-realization of users, their communication, full-fledged leisure, etc. It is in the library that citizens can learn throughout their lives, gaining the knowledge and skills needed, using both the resources of a particular library and open online resources and services. Key words: library; socio-cultural activity; transformation,;informational needs of users; public; civil society.

ON DISTRTBUTION PATTERN OF AMORPHA FRUTICOSA L. IN THE REGION OF KANEVSKAYA HYDROPOWER STATION (UKRAINE) IN CONNECTION WITH HYDROCHORY

Amorpha fruticosa L. is a kenophyte of North American origin, ergaziophyte. Currently, this species naturalized over large areas and became the background on the coast waters of the Dnieper reservoirs of hydropower stations. It is necessary to clarify the reasons for the distribution of A. fruticosa populations in different parts of the Middle Dnieper coast under conditions of artificial regulation of its water yield. It has been proven that the high buoyancy of A. fruticosa fruits provides the possibility of its active dispersal along river beds in a natural way under conditions of fluctuations in the level of surface water yield right in spring floods. The main and determining factor in the active dissemination of the species on the coast of the Kanev and Kremenchug reservoirs is the frequent variability of the maximum water surface level. The narrow altitudinal range of distribution of this species on the coast in the lower parts, and accordingly, wider in the upper parts of the reservoirs is determined by the corresponding indicators of water level differences. The possibility of artificial regulation of the water surface level with knowledge of the characteristics of hydrochory of this invasive species makes it possible to influence its distribution in the territory near the reservoirs.

The Role of Women in the Educational System of Turkey after WWII

The study of women's issues, the feminist movement, as an academic discipline, and the first curriculum were established in the University of San Diego in 1970. The women’s problems have been mainly studied in the framework of traditional social and humani-tarian disciplines, mostly in literature, philosophy and psychology.The active dissemination of feminist ideas in Turkey after World War II, espe-cially in the late 1970s, and the creation of various feminist societies and journals provided a solid foundation for the establishment of research centers in universities, that study women's issues.There are two directions in the study of women's issues in Turkish universities and academic circles. The first one includes research centers that bring together rep-resentatives of various disciplines and fields of science. They deal with gender, the economic and social status of women, education and health. The second approach combines all those trends that are associated with the social faculty.The level of female activity in Turkey is much lower than in Europe. The status of a woman here is also characterized by its specific development.In the 1980s and 1990s, the feminist movement in Turkey became more and more active. New women's communities, magazines, newspapers, libraries were creat-ed, and women's conferences with an active participation of Turkish women were held both in Turkey and all around the world.It can be concluded that the women's movement in the higher and academic sys-tem of Turkey after World War II led to a new political process that raised the issue of gender equality. The struggle of women for emancipation played an important role in the formation of Turkish society.Despite some achievements regarding women's issues, there is still gender ine-quality, violation of women's rights in Turkish society, what indicates the fact that the women’s problems are still relevant in republican Turkey.

MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATION PROCESSES AT THE ENTERPRISE

The concept of the development of innovative activities of modern production is relevant, since innovations determine the competitiveness of companies, industries and entire countries in world markets and become new sources of economic growth based on knowledge. The low activity of the use of innovations at domestic enterprises testifies to the insufficient effectiveness of measures aimed at preserving and developing their scientific and technological potential. The technological backwardness of Ukraine from highly developed countries largely depends on the prevalence of mainly closed models of innovation, which do not contribute to the formation and development of a modern innovative environment. The effectiveness of high-tech production is determined, first of all, by the rationale for making decisions on the use of various models of innovative projects while maintaining intellectual property rights and reducing the likelihood of possible risks. The characteristics of the evolution of existing models of innovation management allowed us to analyze the features of their manifestation and substantiate the need to introduce models of the new sixth generation into the domestic economy using world experience. The transition of enterprises and firms to open forms of innovative development involves the involvement of partners, research centers and other structures in order to implement new scientific ideas. And cooperation between domestic and foreign innovative enterprises makes it possible to actively exchange knowledge, experience and competencies. When introducing open innovation models, the following prerequisites must be met: adherence to the principle of openness and expanding cooperation with external partners, scientific institutions, suppliers and consumers; analysis, as well as the choice of an array of various innovations that exist outside the enterprise and are of great value to it; combining «external» and «internal» knowledge into a more complex combination of new concepts and competencies, allowing you to create the latest business systems and models. The considered advantages of open innovation models and numerous examples of their active dissemination in world practice make it possible to name and formulate the main ways and possibilities of creating a modern domestic innovation system.

Student civil activism: Risk of destructive manifestations in the Volga Region

The article presents the results of the regional sociological study of the student youth civil activism and predicts the development of its destructive manifestations in the Volga Region. Civil activity is an integral component of renewal and social development, which is based on the multi-format and multi-vector activity of young people who strive for social transformations here and now. For some young people, activism became a kind of employment in offline and online formats. In some cases, destructive (even delinquent) civil activism of the youth is a response to an unfair, unlawful action or attitude, primarily of the authorities. Based on the theoretical ideas of structural functionalism, conflictological and interpretive approaches, the article reveals peculiarities of the youth activism in the Volga Region and presents their interpretation. The expert survey allowed to identify relationships between social injustice and civil activity. The authors also identified active dissemination of radical ideas at the grassroots level of everyday life, within everyday forms of interaction and under the decrease in public civil activity, which determines latent conflicts between the population and the government. The risk of an increase in social destructiveness is determined by the crisis of expectations of changes, unsolved social-economic problems, renaissance of socialist ideas that become popular among the youth, and an increase in the number of nonresident and especially foreign students. The student civil activity in the Volga Region focuses on the most pressing challenges at the federal and local levels. Sanctions against students participating in rallies and protest groups in social networks only stimulate the youths interest in protest activities. The region needs a youth policy responsive to the needs and demands of the youth and capable of creating a multi-format space for positive youth activism.

Youth participatory research evidence to inform health policy: a systematic review protocol

IntroductionYoung people’s participation in health research produces knowledge that is indispensable for creating appropriate and effective policies. However, how best to disseminate youth participatory research evidence to impact health policy is not known. Therefore, the objectives of this systematic review are to describe the evidence produced through youth participatory research, including the strategies used to disseminate youth participatory research evidence to health policymakers. These are necessary to improve policymakers’ use of youth participatory research evidence and, thereby, make programmes more impactful for young people.Methods and analysisThe meta-narrative methodology will guide the systematic review to highlight the contrasting and complementary evidence on the use of engaging youth in research to affect health policymaking. Relevant studies will be identified by searching electronic databases, including but not limited to EBSCO, PROQUEST, OVID Medline, Sociological Abstracts and Google Scholar from inception to December 2020. The methodological quality of included quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods research studies will be assessed using valid appraisal tools. The meta-narrative approach to analysis will include identifying meta-narratives of how youth participation informed the health research findings.Ethics and disseminationAn advisory group of young people will advise on the study and dissemination of the findings. As part of our plan for active dissemination, we will produce a policy brief that builds the rationale for using research with and by youth as part of an evidence base necessary for achieving youth health outcomes.