scholarly journals Soil temperature study in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 93 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 149-171
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Lugo-Camacho ◽  
Miguel A. Muñoz ◽  
Juan Pérez-Bolívar ◽  
Gregory R. Brannon
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Soil temperature measurements from a climate monitoring network in Puerto Rico were evaluated and the difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperature, known as isotivity value, was calculated. Air and soil temperature was collected from five weather stations of the USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service from sea level to 1,019 m above sea level and from different soil moisture regimes. Isotivity values ranged from 1.2 to 3.9° C with an average of 2.6° C. The 750-m elevation was identified as the limit between the isohyperthermic and isothermic soil temperature regimes in the perudic soil moisture regime in Puerto Rico. The greatest differences between mean annual soil temperature and mean annual air temperature were observed at Guánica, Combate and Guilarte (2.1 ° C) stations. The smallest differences were observed at Maricao (0.8° C) and Isabela (1.8° C) stations. The study also indicated that the mean annual soil temperature in Puerto Rico can be estimated by adding 1.8° C to the mean annual air temperature or by the equation y = -0.007x + 28.0° C. The equation indicates that 97 percent of the time the behavior of the mean annual soil temperature is a function of elevation. According to the updated soil temperature regime boundaries, eight soil series were established in the Soil Survey of San Germán Area. In an area under the isothermic soil temperature regime, four soil series were classified as Oxisols (Haploperox), two soil series as Inceptisols (Eutrudepts) and two soil series as Mollisols (Argiudolls). This is the first field recognition of the Haploperox soil great group in the United States and its territories.

Spatial Prediction of Soil Temperature in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3718-3723
Author(s):  
Hui Zhi Zhang ◽  
Xue Zheng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Spatial Prediction ◽  
Regression Kriging ◽  
Auxiliary Variables ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Temperature affects many soil biochemical and geochemical processes. The growth of plants, seed germination, circulations of carbon and nitrogen are all significantly influenced by soil temperature, thus it is important to estimate the spatial pattern of soil temperature. This paper shows the results of spatial patterns of mean annual soil temperature interpolated from the measurements of 698 meteorological stations in China. Four geostatistical methods, ordinary kriging (OK), regression kriging with mean annual air temperature (RK-1), regression kriging with latitude, longitude and elevation (RK-2) and regression kriging with multi-auxiliary predictors (RK-3), were compared. Ordinary kriging (OK) directly interpolated the mean annual soil temperature data extracted from meteorological stations to obtain the spatial patterns of the mean annual soil temperature. For the three regression kriging methods, intensive auxiliary variables (mean annual air temperature, elevation, latitude and longitude), which were correlated with mean annual soil temperature, were used to increase the accuracy of estimation. The results suggested that RK-3 preformed best, followed by RK-1 and RK-2. The intensive data of auxiliary variables used in the regression kriging significantly improved the accuracy of interpolation results.

scholarly journals Soil temperature and soil moisture characteristics for several habitat types of Montana and Idaho

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dean Albert Sirucek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
Northern Idaho ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Climax Forest

Soil temperature and soil moisture data from sixty-six monitoring sites located in forest ecosystems of western Montana and northern Idaho were summarized. These data were analyzed in comparison to the criteria for soil temperature and soil moisture regimes (U.S.D.A.- Soil Taxonomy, Soils Staff, 1975). The hypothesis that climax forest communities (habitat types) occupy sites with characteristic soil temperature and moisture conditions was tested. The soil temperature and soil moisture status throughout the growing season for fifty-two monitoring sites was analyzed in respect to their climax forest series and habitat type class. The results of the analysis demonstrate that some forest habitat types of northern Idaho and western Montana occupy sites with a narrow range of soil temperature and soil moisture conditions; where as other habitat types have variable soil temperature and soil moisture conditions. The monitored soil temperature and soil moisture data were displayed for nineteen forest habitat types. Several relationships between climax forest vegetation, soil temperature regimes and soil moisture regimes were identified, for western Montana and northern Idaho. The Abies Iasiocarpa climax forest series monitoring sites classify primarily in the cryic soil temperature regime. The Thuja plicata, Abies grandis, and Pseudotsuga menziesii climax forest series monitoring sites classify primarily in the frigid soil temperature regime. In western Montana all the Abies lasiocarpa, Thuja plicata, and Abies grandis climax forest series monitoring sites classify in the udic soil moisture regime. The Pseudotsuga menziesii climax forest series monitoring sites classify in either a udic or a xeric soil moisture regime. It was concluded that a field soil scientist in western Montana or northern Idaho could estimate the soil temperature regime by knowing the climax forest series and elevation of a site. Discriminant analysis was applied to thirty-four monitoring sites representing six habitat types. The probability of the membership in a habitat type being correctly predicted by the site characteristics alone (i.e. average soil temperature, average soil moisture tension, and elevation) was eighty-six percent.

scholarly journals Soil temperature regimes in Finland

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. YLI-HALLA ◽  
D. MOKMA
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Soil temperature regime substantially influences soil classification in Soil Taxonomy particularly in temperate areas. To facilitate correct classification of soils of Finland, the temperature regimes in soils of the country were determined. The mean annual soil temperature, measured at 50 cm below soil surface, ranged from 6.4°C at the warmest site (Anjala) to 1.9°C at the coldest one (Utsjoki, Kevo), and the mean summer soil temperature from 13.7°C to 6.2°C at the same stations, all being in the range of the cryic temperature regime. The mean annual soil temperature was 2 to 5°C higher than the mean annual air temperature, the difference (Y, °C) depending on the duration of snow coverage (X, days) according to the following equation: Y = 0.0305 X - 2.16, R2 = 0.91, n = 9. Even soils of the warmest areas in southern Finland and the mineral soils of the coldest areas in the north, at least for the most part, have cryic soil temperature regimes. Therefore, most soils of Finland, classified according to Soil Taxonomy, have names where the cryic temperature regime appears on the suborder or great group level.;

SEASONAL pH FLUCTUATIONS IN A GREY WOODED SOIL

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Bowser ◽  
J. N. Leat
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
Ph Fluctuations

Seasonal fluctuations in pH values were determined on soil samples from a modal Grey Wooded soil (Cooking Lake series). Samples were collected from the A0, A2, and B1 horizons at regular intervals from May to November. During this period the pH of each horizon varied from neutral to strongly acid. These fluctuations appeared to be related to the soil moisture and possibly to the soil temperature regime.

SOIL MANAGEMENT AND VEGETATION EFFECTS ON MEASURED AND ESTIMATED SOIL THERMAL REGIMES IN CANADA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. HAYHOE ◽  
C. TARNOCAI ◽  
L. M. DWYER
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Thermal Regimes ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mineral Soils

Observations at sites in British Columbia, the Yukon, Manitoba and Nova Scotia over a range of soils, managements and vegetation were used to assess variation in soil temperature. The annual soil temperature regime was compared with estimates derived from a macroclimate model which was developed for mineral soils that are level, well to moderately well drained, and covered by short grass. In general, this study showed the dampening effect of vegetation cover on soil temperature and suggested the further dampening effect of an organic layer on the soil surface. However, soil temperatures for cultivated and grass sites were not significantly different (P ≥ 0.05) from the estimates made using the macroclimate model. In contrast, forested sites had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) colder soil temperatures than those estimated by the model. The mean annual and mean summer 0.50 m soil temperatures were, respectively, 1.3 and 3.2 °C colder than the corresponding estimates. Key words: Soil thermal regimes, estimation of soil temperature, mean annual soil temperature

Wildfire and Postfire Restoration Action Effects on Microclimate and Seedling Pine Tree Survivorship

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Brown ◽  
Ivana Mali ◽  
Michael R.J. Forstner
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Absolute Humidity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
High Severity ◽  
Postfire Management

Abstract Through modification of structural characteristics, ecological processes such as fire can affect microhabitat parameters, which in turn can influence community composition dynamics. The prevalence of high-severity forest fires is increasing in the southern and western United States, creating the necessity to better understand effects of high-severity fire, and subsequent postfire management actions, on forest ecosystems. In this study we used a recent high-severity wildfire in the Lost Pines ecoregion of Texas to assess effects of the wildfire and postfire clearcutting on six microclimate parameters: air temperature, absolute humidity, mean wind speed, maximum wind speed, soil temperature, and soil moisture. We also assessed differences between burned areas and burned and subsequently clearcut areas for short-term survivorship of loblolly pine Pinus taeda seedling trees. We found that during the summer months approximately 2 y after the wildfire, mean and maximum wind speed differed between unburned and burned areas, as well as burned and burned and subsequently clearcut areas. Our results indicated air temperature, absolute humidity, soil temperature, and soil moisture did not differ between unburned and burned areas, or burned and burned and subsequently clearcut areas, during the study period. We found that short-term survivorship of loblolly pine seedling trees was influenced primarily by soil type, but was also lower in clearcut habitat compared with habitat containing dead standing trees. Ultimately, however, the outcome of the reforestation initiative will likely depend primarily on whether or not the trees can survive drought conditions in the future, and this study indicates there is flexibility in postfire management options prior to reseeding. Further, concerns about negative wildfire effects on microclimate parameters important to the endangered Houston toad Bufo (Anaxyrus) houstonensis were not supported in this study.

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