Spatial Prediction of Soil Temperature in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3718-3723
Author(s):  
Hui Zhi Zhang ◽  
Xue Zheng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Spatial Prediction ◽  
Regression Kriging ◽  
Auxiliary Variables ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Temperature affects many soil biochemical and geochemical processes. The growth of plants, seed germination, circulations of carbon and nitrogen are all significantly influenced by soil temperature, thus it is important to estimate the spatial pattern of soil temperature. This paper shows the results of spatial patterns of mean annual soil temperature interpolated from the measurements of 698 meteorological stations in China. Four geostatistical methods, ordinary kriging (OK), regression kriging with mean annual air temperature (RK-1), regression kriging with latitude, longitude and elevation (RK-2) and regression kriging with multi-auxiliary predictors (RK-3), were compared. Ordinary kriging (OK) directly interpolated the mean annual soil temperature data extracted from meteorological stations to obtain the spatial patterns of the mean annual soil temperature. For the three regression kriging methods, intensive auxiliary variables (mean annual air temperature, elevation, latitude and longitude), which were correlated with mean annual soil temperature, were used to increase the accuracy of estimation. The results suggested that RK-3 preformed best, followed by RK-1 and RK-2. The intensive data of auxiliary variables used in the regression kriging significantly improved the accuracy of interpolation results.

scholarly journals Soil temperature study in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 93 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 149-171
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Lugo-Camacho ◽  
Miguel A. Muñoz ◽  
Juan Pérez-Bolívar ◽  
Gregory R. Brannon
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Soil temperature measurements from a climate monitoring network in Puerto Rico were evaluated and the difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperature, known as isotivity value, was calculated. Air and soil temperature was collected from five weather stations of the USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service from sea level to 1,019 m above sea level and from different soil moisture regimes. Isotivity values ranged from 1.2 to 3.9° C with an average of 2.6° C. The 750-m elevation was identified as the limit between the isohyperthermic and isothermic soil temperature regimes in the perudic soil moisture regime in Puerto Rico. The greatest differences between mean annual soil temperature and mean annual air temperature were observed at Guánica, Combate and Guilarte (2.1 ° C) stations. The smallest differences were observed at Maricao (0.8° C) and Isabela (1.8° C) stations. The study also indicated that the mean annual soil temperature in Puerto Rico can be estimated by adding 1.8° C to the mean annual air temperature or by the equation y = -0.007x + 28.0° C. The equation indicates that 97 percent of the time the behavior of the mean annual soil temperature is a function of elevation. According to the updated soil temperature regime boundaries, eight soil series were established in the Soil Survey of San Germán Area. In an area under the isothermic soil temperature regime, four soil series were classified as Oxisols (Haploperox), two soil series as Inceptisols (Eutrudepts) and two soil series as Mollisols (Argiudolls). This is the first field recognition of the Haploperox soil great group in the United States and its territories.

scholarly journals Recognition of Changes in Air and Soil Temperatures at a Station Typical of China’s Subtropical Monsoon Region (1961–2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-jin Zhan ◽  
Lingjun Xia ◽  
Longfei Zhan ◽  
Yuanhao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Trends in soil temperature are important but rarely reported indicators of climate change. Based on daily air and soil temperatures (depth: 0, 20, 80, and 320 cm) recorded at the Nanchang Weather Station (1961–2018), this study investigated the variation trend, abrupt changes, and years of anomalous annual and seasonal mean air and soil temperatures. The differences and relationships between annual air and soil temperatures were also analyzed. The results showed close correlations between air temperature and soil temperature at different depths. Annual and seasonal mean air and soil temperatures mainly displayed significant trends of increase over the past 58 years, although the rise of the mean air temperature and the mean soil temperature was asymmetric. The rates of increase in air temperature and soil temperature (depth: 0, 20, and 80 cm) were most obvious in spring; the most significant increase in soil temperature at the depth of 320 cm was in summer. Mean soil temperature displayed a decreasing trend with increasing soil depth in both spring and summer. Air temperature was lower than the soil temperature at depths of 0 and 20 cm but higher than the soil temperature at depths of 80 and 320 cm in spring and summer. Mean ground temperature had a rising trend with increasing soil depth in autumn and winter. Air temperature was lower than the soil temperature at all depths in autumn and winter. Years with anomalously low air temperature and soil temperature at depths of 0, 20, 80, and 320 cm were relatively consistent in winter. Years with anomalous air and soil temperatures (depths: 0, 20, and 80 cm) were generally consistent; however, the relationship between air temperature and soil temperature at 320 cm depth was less consistent. The findings provide a basis for understanding and assessing climate change impact on terrestrial ecosystems.

scholarly journals Processes influencing near-surface heat transfer in Greenland's ablation zone

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. Hills ◽  
Joel T. Harper ◽  
Toby W. Meierbachtol ◽  
Jesse V. Johnson ◽  
Neil F. Humphrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Moving Boundary ◽  
Radiative Energy ◽  
Ablation Zone ◽  
Transient Heating ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Surface Ice ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Abstract. To assess the influence of various mechanisms of heat transfer on the near-surface ice of Greenland's ablation zone, we incorporate highly resolved measurements of ice temperature into thermal modeling experiments. Seven separate temperature strings were installed at three different field sites, each with between 17 and 32 sensors and extending up to 20 m below the surface. In one string, temperatures were measured every 30 minutes, and the record is continuous for more than three years. We use these measured ice temperatures to constrain modeling analyses focused on four isolated processes to assess the relative importance of each to the near-surface ice temperature: 1) the moving boundary of an ablating surface, 2) thermal insulation by snow, 3) radiative energy input, and 4) temperature gradients below the seasonally active near-surface layer. In addition to these four processes, transient heating events were observed in two of the temperature strings. Despite no observations of meltwater pathways to the subsurface, these heating events are likely the refreezing of liquid water below 5–10 m of cold ice. Together with subsurface refreezing, the five heat transfer mechanisms presented here account for measured differences of up to 3 °C between the ice temperature at the depth where annual temperature variability is dissipated and the mean annual air temperature. Thus, in Greenland's ablation zone, the mean annual air temperature cannot be used to predict the near-surface ice temperature, as is commonly assumed.

scholarly journals Regional Climate Change (Karelia, Russia)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Larisa Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

The overview of climatic conditions in Karelia is based on the data from meteorological observations carried out in 1951-2009 at Roskomgidromet weather stations situated in the study area. Taking the period in question into account, the mean annual air temperature norm has increased by 0.2-0.3°C. The greatest deviation from multiyear averages of mean monthly air temperature is observed in January and March. The investigation of the changes the basic regional climate characteristics is very important in present time because the global climate is changed. The analysis the data about air temperature and precipitation, that were obtained for the different meteorological stations in the investigated region, shows that the regional climate is changed and the main tendencies are directly proportional to the change of the global characteristics.

scholarly journals DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE OF SEVERAL ROW COVERS ON YIELD OF WHITE POTATOES IN MISSOURI

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 860e-860
Author(s):  
Mack A. Wilson ◽  
Michael Aide
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Row Covers ◽  
The Mean

Four types of row covers were evaluated on 'Norchip' and 'Atlantis' potatoes at Charleston, Missouri on a Lilbourn sandy loam entisol. Row covers used were spun-bonded polyester, insolar slitted, clear slitted and VisPore. The row covers increased the mean afternoon soil temperature above the ambient afternoon air temperature from 3 to 25°F when potato plants were covered. The number of plants which emerged were significantly different among treatment for the cultivar 'Norchip'. Data for plant height was significantly different between the bare soil control and the row cover treatments. Yield (Kg/HA) were higher with the spunbonded polyester and insolar slitted row covers for both number and weight of grade A (47.6-82.6 mm) potatoes, and results were significantly different.

scholarly journals Frost-Heaved Bedrock Features: A Valuable Permafrost Indicator

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Dionne
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Exposed Rock ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature ◽  
Permafrost Regions

ABSTRACT Frost-heaved bedrock features are periglacial forms produced by the vertical displacement of bedrock fragments. Blocks, frost-wedged from bare bedrock along joints, are raised above the general surface by heave. Although mentioned in the literature of the late 19th century, they have been described and studied in detail only recently. They are widespread in the northern hemisphere, notably in Canada, Greenland and Spitsbergen, where they develop in lithologies with well-developed systems of joints. Commonly, heaved blocks exhibit weathered and lichen-covered surfaces except at their base where freshly exposed rock indicates recent heaving. They result from frost processes, particularly from wedging and heaving due to pressure of the freezing of free-water in joints. Active and most non-active features are located in permafrost regions. The southermost occurrence in the northern hemisphere is the Groulx Mountains, in Québec (51°45'N, alt. 1000 m). The mean annual air temperature for the area of best-developed features ranges from -4° to -100C, with the number of days of frost ranging from 178 to 300. A thin snow cover is common to most sites. Based on climatic data and on the geographical distribution of frost-heaved bedrock features, it is suggested that permafrost occurrence is obvious. Relict features found outside the present-day permafrost zones should indicate former permafrost conditions.

ABIOTIC FACTORS AFFECTING FLIGHT ACTIVITY OF THE SHARPNOSED LEAFHOPPER, SCAPHYTOPIUS MAGDALENSIS (PROVANCHER) (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE)1

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-518
Author(s):  
Richard W. Etzel ◽  
John R. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meteorological Observations

Abiotic factors that significantly influence catch of Scaphytopius magdalensis on sticky traps were identified for each leafhopper generation in North Carolina. Regression models were generated to describe these relationships and the models were validated on similar data from nearby sites. Models generated by 1600 hr. meteorological observations and driven by the mean trap catch for the 1-week study period, exhibit the lowest variation with respect to the mean of the actual trap catch numbers. In all 3 generations, soil temperature at 7.6 cm depth is highly significant and positively correlated with leafhopper trap catch. Air temperature at 7.6 cm height and soil temperature at 2.5 cm depth are also positively correlated to trap catch, but these are significant only in the first generation. In the second generation relative humidity is highly significant; it exhibits a slight negative correlation when considered alone and a positive correlation when analyzed in conjunction with soil temperature (7.6 cm). Air temperature (7.6 cm) shows a significant negative correlation with trap catch in the third generation. In several cases, validation models exhibit more variation than that present from the observed trap catch numbers, which may be due to low leafhopper densities in the validation study sites.

scholarly journals 15m Deep Temperatures in the Glaciers of Mont Blanc (French Alps)

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (74) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lliboutry ◽  
M. Briat ◽  
M. Creseveur ◽  
M. Pourchet
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limit ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
French Alps ◽  
Ablation Area ◽  
The Alps ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Deep Temperature ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature ◽  
Rock Faces ◽  
Dry Snow Zone

AbstractThe top of Mont Blanc is adry snow zone. Thecold infiltration zoneextends between about 4 300 and 3 800 m. Its lower limit is lined by large cracks and ice cliffs, similar to bergschrunds. Near rock faces this limit is the bergschrund, which can descend as far as the 0°C isotherm of the mean annual air temperature, 3 100-3 200 m- At Col du Dôme (c, 4 250 m), 15 m deep temperature has increased 1.8 deg between the years 1911 and 1973, probably due to infiltration which happened there in the last few years. The ice in the ablation area is entirely temperate, while in dryer areas of the Alps it may be at 1°C to — 3°C in the vicinity of the firn line.

The thermal regime of a permafrost body at Mont du Lac des Cygnes, Quebec

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Allard ◽  
Richard Fortier
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Alpine Forest ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Temperature Records ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature ◽  
Continuous Temperature

A low peat plateau in the alpine forest–tundra at Mont du Lac des Cygnes, 100 km northeast of Québec City, contains a permafrost body 2 m thick. At an elevation of 960 m, this is the southernmost known occurrence of alpine permafrost in eastern Canada. The terrain over the permafrost is windblown and bears a very thin and discontinuous snow cover. One year of continuous temperature records indicates that the mean annual air temperature at this site is about −1.3 °C. The permafrost remains at temperatures very near the freezing point for most of the year.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document