scholarly journals Bioplastic from Cassava Starch

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 286-289
Author(s):  
Logeshwaran.V, Sabarinath.K, Ishwarya.R Sandhiya.S, Kousalya.N and Arun. P
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Plastic Wastes

India generates nearly 26,000 a lot of plastics on a daily basis. These plastics pollute the water and soil. The solid plastic wastes incinerated by the municipal agency pollute the air. Consistent with Central Pollution panel 94% of the plastics are thermoplastics or recyclable materials like PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)The purpose of bioplastic production is an alternate for synthetic plastic. The starch may is a natural biopolymer. Cassava is employed to provide the bioplastic by using glycerol plasticizer. Perform Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy ( FTIR) for functional groups present within the bioplastic And analysis of degradation potential of developed bioplastic.

scholarly journals Optimasi Penambahan Gliserol sebagai Plasticizer pada Sintesis Plastik Biodegradable dari Limbah Nata de Coco dengan Metode Inversi Fasa

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Claudia Candra Setyaningrum ◽  
Kholisoh Hayati ◽  
Siti Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Universal Testing

Limbah nata de coco merupakan nata yang tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai produk setelah proses sortasi sehingga menghasilkan limbah padat dan jarang dimanfaatkan. Kandungan selulosa pada limbah padat nata de coco sebesar 42,57%. Tujuan penelitian ini membuat plastik biodegradable dengan hasil limbah nata de coco dengan penambahan plasticizer. Metode yang digunakan pada pembuatan plastik biodegradable ini adalah metode inversi fasa dengan variasi berat selulosa 2%; 2,5%; dan 3% (b/v), variasi volume gliserol sebesar 2%, 3%, dan 5% (v/v), dan penambahan kitosan sebagai penguat. Karakteristik pastik biodegradable diuji menggunakan UTM (Universal Testing Machine) dan FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Plastik biodegradable yang dihasilkan dari berbagai perbandingan berat selulosa dan volume gliserol memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda. Plastik biodegradable dengan karakteristik optimal memiliki nilai kuat tarik optimal sebesar 4,34 MPa, nilai elongasi optimal sebesar 4,44% dan nilai ketahanan air optimal sebesar 65,20%. Pada analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR menunjukkan tidak ditemukan adanya gugus fungsi baru dalam plastik biodegradable selain gugus fungsi bahan pembentuknya. Pada uji biodegradabilitas, diperoleh nilai biodegradabilitas sebesar 80% – 100% setelah ditimbun di dalam tanah selama 14 hari.Nata de coco waste is nata that cannot be used as a product after the sorting process so that it produces solid waste and is rarely utilized. The cellulose content in nata de coco solid waste is 42.57%, the purpose of this study is to make biodegradable plastic with the results of nata de coco waste by adding plasticizers. The method used in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics is the phase inversion method with cellulose weight variation; 2%; 2.5%; and 3% (w / v), variations in the volume of glycerol by 2%, 3%, and 5% (v/v), and the addition of chitosan as an amplifier. The biodegradable plastic characteristics were tested using UTM (Universal Testing Machine) and FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Biodegradable plastics that are produced from various weight cellulose and glycerol volume ratios have different characteristics. Biodegradable plastic with optimal characteristics has an optimal tensile strength value of 4.34 MPa, optimal elongation value of 4.44% and an optimal water resistance value of 65.20%. In the analysis of functional groups (FTIR) no new functional groups were found in biodegradable plastics in addition to the functional groups forming materials. In the biodegradability test, a biodegradability value of 80% - 100% is obtained after being buried in the ground for 14 days.

Study of Ionic Liquids (AIL and PIL) Viscosity and its Functional Groups under Heat Treatment on Cutting Tool Surface Using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

2020 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Mona Alis Md. Yasser ◽  
Zaidi Embong ◽  
Erween Abdul Rahim ◽  
Amiril Sahab Abdullah Sani ◽  
Kamaruddin Kamdani
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Nitrile Group ◽  
Tool Surface

This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) technique by using Modified Jatropha Oil (MJO) bio-based lubricant with the presence of 10% Ammonium Ionic Liquid (MJO+AIL10%) and 1% Phosphonium Ionic Liquid (MJO+PIL1%) additives respectively at various temperature of 200 °C, 300 °C and 400 °C heat treatment to determine the ability to exhibit corrosion and wear throughout the process. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed prominent peaks of functional groups in these bio-lubricants; esters (C-O) and (C=O), alkanes (C-H), hydroxide (O-H), and nitrile groups deposited on the cutting tool surface. Initially, nitrile group is detected on cutting tool surface without lubricants at 2200 to 2300 absorption band reduced to lower intensity and most likely concealed by MJO+AIL10% compared to MJO+PIL1% where the nitrile group remains reflected in FTIR spectrum. In this work, it is proved that MJO+AIL10% has higher viscosity as compared to MJO+PIL1%. in the context of functional groups and supported the previous study on MJO+AIL10% as corrosion inhibitor.

scholarly journals Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy vibrational bands study of Spinacia oleracea and Trigonella corniculata under biochar amendment in naturally contaminated soil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253390
Author(s):  
Uzma Younis ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad Rahi ◽  
Subhan Danish ◽  
Muhammad Arif Ali ◽  
Niaz Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Vibrational Bands

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy detects functional groups such as vibrational bands like N-H, O-H, C-H, C = O (ester, amine, ketone, aldehyde), C = C, C = N (vibrational modes of a tetrapyrrole ring) and simply C = N. The FTIR of these bands is fundamental to the investigation of the effect of biochar (BC) treatment on structural changes in the chlorophyll molecules of both plants that were tested. For this, dried leaf of Spinacia oleracia (spinach) and Trigonella corniculata (fenugreek) were selected for FTIR spectral study of chlorophyll associated functional groups. The study’s primary goal was to investigate the silent features of infrared (IR) spectra of dried leave samples. The data obtained from the current study also shows that leaf chlorophyll can mask or suppress other molecules’ FITR bands, including proteins. In addition, the C = O bands with Mg and the C9 ketonic group of chlorophyll are observed as peaks at1600 (0%BC), 1650 (3%BC) and 1640, or near to1700 (5%BC) in spinach samples. In fenugreek, additional effects are observed in the FTIR spectra of chlorophyll at the major groups of C = C, C = O and C9 of the ketonic groups, and the vibrational bands are more evident at C-H and N-H of the tetrapyrrole ring. It is concluded that C-N bands are more visible in 5% BC treated spinach and fenugreek than in all other treatments. These types of spectra are useful in detecting changes or visibility of functional groups, which are very helpful in supporting biochemical data such as an increase in protein can be detected by more visibility of C-N bands in FTIR spectra.

scholarly journals Catalytic Conversion of Starch to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural by Tin Phosphotungstate

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawen Hao ◽  
Xueping Song ◽  
Shaowu Jia ◽  
Wei Mao ◽  
Yuxiao Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Lewis Acids ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
X Ray

Heteropoly acids containing Brønsted and Lewis acids show excellent catalytic activity. Brønsted acids promote the depolymerization of polysaccharides (such as starch and cellulose) into glucose, while Lewis acids catalyze the conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Designing stable Brønsted-Lewis acid-containing bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts is crucial for the efficient catalytic conversion of polysaccharides to HMF. In this study, a series of Brønsted -Lewis acid bifunctional catalysts (SnxPW, X = 0.10–0.75) were investigated for the conversion of cassava starch to HMF. The structure of the catalysts was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Pyridine Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The acid strength and acid capacity were also investigated. The effects of reaction time, temperature, catalyst concentration, and cassava starch concentration on the selectivity, conversion rate, and yield were examined. The results showed that, among the analyzed catalysts, Sn0.1PW presented the best ability under the test conditions for catalyzing the conversion of starch to HMF. At the optimized conditions of a reaction temperature of 160°C, a catalyst dosage of 0.50 mmol/gstarch, and a 1 h reaction time, the starch conversion rate was 90.61%, and the selectivity and yield of HMF were 59.77 and 54.12%, respectively. Our findings contribute to the development of HMF production by the dehydration of carbohydrates.

Orientation Measurements on Ordered Multibilayers of Phospholipids and Sphingolipids from Synthetic and Natural Origin by ATR Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Brandenburg ◽  
Ulrich Seydel
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Degree Of Hydration

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was applied to natural and synthetic planar membrane multibilayer systems made from phospholipids and sphingolipids to perform orientational measurements utilizing the attenuated total reflectance technique. Applying polarized infrared light, the dichroic ratios and the positions of the peak maxima of various infrared-active bands in dependence on temperature and degree of hydration as well as the phase behaviour were studied. Under certain assumptions - which are discussed - made for the order parameter S, the orientation of various functional groups with respect to the molecular axis or to the membrane normal can be determined. For the gel phase values for S between 0.80 ± 0.05 for the complete molecule and 0.40 ± 0.05 for the end methyl group and for the liquid crystalline phase a value of 0.50 ± 0.05 were approximated. Applying these data, a relatively precise determination of the angles of the oscillating dipole moments of various functional groups could be performed, which - for some vibrations - deviate considerably from those angles assumed earlier. Regarding the phase behaviour, it was found that not only the degree of hydration but the amount of bulk water of the sample has a strong influence on the phase transition temperature Tc (lyotrophism), but only a weak influence on the orientational data.

scholarly journals QUALITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND FTIR SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF GREWIA TILIFOLIA (VAHL) LEAF EXTRACTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
DHARMASOTH RAMA DEVI ◽  
GANGA RAO BATTU
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis

Objective: The present study aim is to analyse the phytochemicals present in Grewia tilifolia (Vahl) leaf extracts by using Qualitative phytochemical analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Methods: The leaf extracts were prepared using eight different solvents. The phytochemical analysis Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis were performed using standard methods. Results: The FTIR spectroscopic studies revealed different characteristic peak values with various functional groups present in the compounds of respective extracts. The FT-IR analysis shows the presence of different functional groups such as alcohols, phenols, alkanes, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, alkenes, primary amines, aromatics, esters, ethers, alkyl halides and aliphatic amine compounds, which showed major compounds present in the leaf extracts. The present study generated the FTIR spectrum profile for the medicinally important plant Grewia tilifolia. Conclusion: The present study provides evediences that different extracts of Grewia tilifolia leaf is useful to cure many serious diseases which remained still problematic and for further isolation of bioactive compounds from the plant which could be of interest for the development of the new drug.

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