scholarly journals Google Forms as a useful tool for online formative assessment of a pharmacotherapy course in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
L. Lailaturrahmi ◽  
D. Permatasari ◽  
E. Badriyya ◽  
F.S. Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Online Formative Assessment

This case study aims to explore the utilisation of Google Forms as a tool for online formative assessment for the Pharmacotherapy of Infectious Diseases, Immune System, and Cancer (FAF 323) courses at Andalas University, Indonesia. The online formative assessment was conducted to assess students’ progress after completing four online modules (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Drug Hypersensitivity Reaction, Tuberculosis, and Oral Candidiasis). Five questions were designed for each module, which made 20 questions in total. The Google Forms quiz was designed to provide the students with the scores, correct answers, and the feedback directly after submission. The use of Google Forms for online formative assessment purposes is beneficial and practical, although the department only used it once throughout the practice sessions. For optimum benefit, the formative assessment should be completed multiple times throughout the course, so that the lecturers can obtain information about students’ progress through several checkpoints.

scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicles Tune the Immune System in Renal Disease: A Focus on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Thrombotic Microangiopathy and ANCA-Vasculitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4194
Author(s):  
Martina Mazzariol ◽  
Giovanni Camussi ◽  
Maria Felice Brizzi
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Thrombotic Microangiopathy ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Systemic Lupus

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are microparticles released in biological fluids by different cell types, both in physiological and pathological conditions. Owing to their ability to carry and transfer biomolecules, EV are mediators of cell-to-cell communication and are involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases. The ability of EV to modulate the immune system, the coagulation cascade, the angiogenetic process, and to drive endothelial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of both autoimmune and renal diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of EV in the control of renal homeostasis by acting as intercellular signaling molecules, mediators of inflammation and tissue regeneration. Moreover, circulating EV and urinary EV secreted by renal cells have been investigated as potential early biomarkers of renal injury. In the present review, we discuss the recent findings on the involvement of EV in autoimmunity and in renal intercellular communication. We focused on EV-mediated interaction between the immune system and the kidney in autoimmune diseases displaying common renal damage, such as antiphospholipid syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, thrombotic microangiopathy, and vasculitis. Although further studies are needed to extend our knowledge on EV in renal pathology, a deeper investigation of the impact of EV in kidney autoimmune diseases may also provide insight into renal biological processes. Furthermore, EV may represent promising biomarkers of renal diseases with potential future applications as diagnostic and therapeutic tools.

scholarly journals Medicine Based Evidence for Individualized Decision Making: Case Study of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2017 ◽  
Vol 130 (11) ◽  
pp. 1290-1297.e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley E. Wivel ◽  
Kate Lapane ◽  
Christi Kleoudis ◽  
Burton H. Singer ◽  
Ralph I. Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Individualized Decision

scholarly journals Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease: An Overview of the Clinical Approach to Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Saurabh Nimesh ◽  
Md. Iftekhar Ahmad ◽  
Shikhka Dhama ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Novel Approaches

The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), commonly known as Lupus, is a rare and complex multisystem autoimmune disease where one’s immune system is overactive, and the body attacks its organ systems. SLE is a historically old disease described already in antiquity; it is an example of a chronic disease with physical, psychological, financial, and social implications for individuals diagnosed. It has inspired medical and basic biological scientists that focus on molecular biology, basic immunology, immunopathology, clinical science, genetics, and epidemiology. The syndrome is real in its existence-although hidden behind obstacles, cumbersome for patients and clinicians, and rebellious for scientists. There is currently no cure for SLE. The goal of treatment is to ease symptoms. This article will review information on the general approach to SLE therapy, focusing on currently approved therapies and novel approaches that might be used in the future.

scholarly journals Deterministic Vs Microsimulation; A Case Study In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. A374
Author(s):  
I van Oostrum ◽  
O Guenther ◽  
MJ Postma ◽  
BM Heeg
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus

Type I Interferons in Autoimmune Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K. Crow ◽  
Mikhail Olferiev ◽  
Kyriakos A. Kirou
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Type I Interferon ◽  
Type I Interferons ◽  
Type I ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Pathway Activation ◽  
Interferon Pathway ◽  
Chronic Activation

Type I interferons, which make up the first cytokine family to be described and are the essential mediators of antivirus host defense, have emerged as central elements in the immunopathology of systemic autoimmune diseases, with systemic lupus erythematosus as the prototype. Lessons from investigation of interferon regulation following virus infection can be applied to lupus, with the conclusion that sustained production of type I interferon shifts nearly all components of the immune system toward pathologic functions that result in tissue damage and disease. We review recent data, mainly from studies of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, that provide new insights into the mechanisms of induction and the immunologic consequences of chronic activation of the type I interferon pathway. Current concepts implicate endogenous nucleic acids, driving both cytosolic sensors and endosomal Toll-like receptors, in interferon pathway activation and suggest targets for development of novel therapeutics that may restore the immune system to health.

Oral candidiasis in systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 684-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Fangtham ◽  
LS Magder ◽  
MA Petri
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Systemic Lupus

The innate immune system in human systemic lupus erythematosus

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (8) ◽  
pp. 625-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Weidenbusch ◽  
Onkar P. Kulkarni ◽  
Hans-Joachim Anders
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Type I ◽  
Human Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Adaptive Immune

Although the role of adaptive immune mechanisms, e.g. autoantibody formation and abnormal T-cell activation, has been long noted in the pathogenesis of human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the role of innate immunity has been less well characterized. An intricate interplay between both innate and adaptive immune elements exists in protective anti-infective immunity as well as in detrimental autoimmunity. More recently, it has become clear that the innate immune system in this regard not only starts inflammation cascades in SLE leading to disease flares, but also continues to fuel adaptive immune responses throughout the course of the disease. This is why targeting the innate immune system offers an additional means of treating SLE. First trials assessing the efficacy of anti-type I interferon (IFN) therapy or modulators of pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signalling have been attempted. In this review, we summarize the available evidence on the role of several distinct innate immune elements, especially neutrophils and dendritic cells as well as the IFN system, as well as specific innate PRRs along with their signalling pathways. Finally, we highlight recent clinical trials in SLE addressing one or more of the aforementioned components of the innate immune system.

SAT0027 Effect of Hydroxychloroquine on Disease Activity and Regulation of the Immune System in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 658.2-659
Author(s):  
S.M. Monzavi ◽  
M. Mahmoudi ◽  
Z. Shariati-Sarabi ◽  
B. Dormanesh ◽  
E. Shirmast
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus
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