A Study on the Modal Semantics and Grammaticalization of the Auxiliary Verb“Hao(好)” from the Perspective of Typology

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 211-233
Author(s):  
Liu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Modal Semantics ◽  
Auxiliary Verb

Syntactic means of expressing a possibility in the Tuvan language

2021 ◽  
pp. 243-260
Author(s):  
Ludmila A. Shamina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spread ◽  
Modal Verbs ◽  
Functional Block ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Modal Semantics ◽  
Auxiliary Verb ◽  
Semantic Properties

Tuvan biverbal analytical constructions are fixed verb combinations characterized by specific morphosyntactic and semantic properties. They consist of a lexical verb in the form of a participle or participle and an auxiliary verb. This is an unchangeable part of the construction, - a constant. The paper discusses the syntactic means of expressing modal meanings in the functional block of possibilities in the Tuvan language in comparison with the Altaic and Khakass languages. One of these tools is analytical verbal constructions. The author characterizes these constructions with modal semantics of the possibility/impossibility to perform an action. The second component of such constructions can be expressed by grammatical and lexical means. Lexical means are modal words, particles. The grammatical means include infinite forms, modal verbs, and mood and voice forms. The function of the constructions under consideration is a verb predicate. With varying degrees of grammaticalization, they are included in the range of analytical constructions with a wide range of semantics, being a wide-spread, universal, flexible means of conveying the meanings of possibility/impossibility in the modern Tuvan language. Structurally, analytical constructions are a compact way of representing modal meanings, combining several meanings in one structure.

scholarly journals Modal Structuralism with Theoretical Terms

Erkenntnis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Andreas ◽  
Georg Schiemer
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Mathematics ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Peano Arithmetic ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
Structural Interpretation ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Structuralist Approach ◽  
Modal Semantics ◽  
Oxford University Press

AbstractIn this paper, we aim to explore connections between a Carnapian semantics of theoretical terms and an eliminative structuralist approach in the philosophy of mathematics. Specifically, we will interpret the language of Peano arithmetic by applying the modal semantics of theoretical terms introduced in Andreas (Synthese 174(3):367–383, 2010). We will thereby show that the application to Peano arithmetic yields a formal semantics of universal structuralism, i.e., the view that ordinary mathematical statements in arithmetic express general claims about all admissible interpretations of the Peano axioms. Moreover, we compare this application with the modal structuralism by Hellman (Mathematics without numbers: towards a modal-structural interpretation. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1989), arguing that it provides us with an easier epistemology of statements in arithmetic.

A Modal Semantics of Negation in Logic Programming

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 231-262
Author(s):  
Philippe Balbiani
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Logic Programming ◽  
Modal Logics ◽  
Kripke Models ◽  
Logic Programs ◽  
Modal Semantics ◽  
Soundness And Completeness ◽  
Modal Completion ◽  
Well Foundedness

The beauty of modal logics and their interest lie in their ability to represent such different intensional concepts as knowledge, time, obligation, provability in arithmetic, … according to the properties satisfied by the accessibility relations of their Kripke models (transitivity, reflexivity, symmetry, well-foundedness, …). The purpose of this paper is to study the ability of modal logics to represent the concepts of provability and unprovability in logic programming. The use of modal logic to study the semantics of logic programming with negation is defended with the help of a modal completion formula. This formula is a modal translation of Clack’s formula. It gives soundness and completeness proofs for the negation as failure rule. It offers a formal characterization of unprovability in logic programs. It characterizes as well its stratified semantics.

Grammar of Skolt Saami

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Feist
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Vowel Length ◽  
Descriptive Grammar ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Auxiliary Verb ◽  
Northeast Finland

Skolt Saami is a Finno-Ugric language spoken primarily in northeast Finland by less than 300 people. The aim of this descriptive grammar is to provide an overview of all the major grammatical aspects of the language. It comprises descriptions of Skolt Saami phonology, morphophonology, morphology, morphosyntax and syntax. A compilation of interlinearised texts is provided in Chapter 11. Skolt Saami is a phonologically complex language, displaying contrastive vowel length, consonant gradation, suprasegmental palatalisation and vowel height alternations. It is also well known for being one of the few languages to display three distinctive degrees of quantity; indeed, this very topic has already been the subject of an acoustic analysis (McRobbie-Utasi 1999). Skolt Saami is also a morphologically complex language. Nominals in Skolt Saami belong to twelve different inflectional classes. They inflect for number and nine grammatical cases and may also mark possession, giving rise to over seventy distinct forms. Verbs belong to four different inflectional classes and inflect for person, number, tense and mood. Inflection is marked by suffixes, many of which are fused morphemes. Other typologically interesting features of the language, which are covered in this grammar, include (i) the existence of distinct predicative and attributive forms of adjectives, (ii) the case-marking of subject and object nominals which have cardinal numerals as determiners, and (iii) the marking of negation with a negative auxiliary verb. Skolt Saami is a seriously endangered language and it is thus hoped that this grammar will serve both as a tool to linguistic researchers and as an impetus to the speech community in any future revitalisation efforts.

ON THE ISSUE OF "LEADING VERB + SUPPORTING VERB" (IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE AUXILIARY VERB 싶다 [SIPDA]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
PhD. Yunusova GULSHODA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological State ◽  
Thinking Ability ◽  
Auxiliary Verb

The opinion of the speaker is important to the listener. The attitude of the speaker towards the content of the text of the person receiving the speech has its influence in many ways. How the listener perceives the information also depends on his personality, knowledge, experience, psychological state at the time of the speech, his thinking ability and other characteristics. In this case, the expression of the attitude to the action implies that the speaker speaks to himself. In this article, we will consider how this condition is expressed by the auxiliary verb in 싶다 [sipda]. In this case, the speaker analyzes his wishes, the information in the form of information about what he wants to do.

scholarly journals Actualism and Modal Semantics

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. Zalabardo
Keyword(s):  
Modal Semantics

Role of Inversion in Children's Question Development

1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Klee
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Hearing Disorders ◽  
Question Types ◽  
Subject Noun ◽  
Utterance Length ◽  
Auxiliary Verb ◽  
Question Development

Current developmental descriptions of children's Wh-question production are contradictory. One account posits a stage in which the auxiliary verb and subject noun phrase are uninverted, whereas another view offers no empirical support for such a stage. The purpose of the present investigation was to test these divergent developmental descriptions by analyzing children's spontaneously produced questions. Six children at each of three linguistic stages, defined by mean utterance length in morphemes and ranging from 2.50 to 3.99, were selected for study. The children were between 25 and 47 months of age and evidenced no speech, language, or hearing disorders. Although the results replicated the proposed semantic ordering of question types, a stage characterized by uninverted forms was not supported.

scholarly journals The Meanings of Modal Auxiliary Verbs in the Movie "The Perks of being a Wallflower"

Lexicon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herlina Endah Atmaja
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Auxiliary Verbs ◽  
Auxiliary Verb

This research attempts to investigate the meanings of modal auxiliary verbs in the movie The Perks of being a Wallflower. In particular, it aims to identify and classify the modal auxiliary verbs according to their meanings. The data used in this research were dialogues containing modal auxiliary verbs. The modal auxiliary verbs are analyzed semantically and pragmatically. Based on the data analysis, 171 modal auxiliary verbs were found in the movie. The most commonly used modal auxiliary verb in the movie is the modal auxiliary will (28.7%), followed by can (24.0%), would (21.6%), could (14.0%), should (7.0%), might (2.9%), and must (1.8%). From the 171 modal auxiliary verbs, 43 (25.1%) are used to express epistemic meanings, 23 (13.4%) are used to express deontic meanings, and 105 (61.3%) are used to express dynamic meanings. It was found in this research that the modal auxiliary verbs are most frequently used to express dynamic meanings.

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