scholarly journals Direct Solution of Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations Using a Class of Hybrid Block Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel A Areo ◽  
Nosimot O Adeyanju ◽  
Sunday J Kayode
Keyword(s):  
Initial Value Problems ◽  
Hybrid Methods ◽  
Multistep Method ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Block Method ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Order Error ◽  
Block Methods ◽  
Grid Points ◽  
Step Number

This research proposes the derivation of a class of hybrid methods for solution of second order initial value problems (IVPs) in block mode. Continuous linear multistep method of two cases with step number k = 4 is developed by interpolating the basis function at certain grid points and collocating the differential system at both grid and off-grid points. The basic properties of the method including order, error constant, zero stability, consistency and convergence were investigated. In order to examine the accuracy of the methods, some differential problems of order two were solved and results generated show a better performance when comparison is made with some current methods.Keywords- Block Method, Hybrid Points, Initial Value Problems, Power Series, Second Order 

scholarly journals The Double Step Hybrid Linear Multistep Method for Solving Second Order Initial Value Problems

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Y. Skwame ◽  
J. Z. Donald ◽  
T. Y. Kyagya ◽  
J. Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Approximate Solution ◽  
Initial Value Problems ◽  
Multistep Method ◽  
Second Order ◽  
System Of Nonlinear Equations ◽  
Linear Multistep Method ◽  
Block Method ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Double Step ◽  
Grid Points

In this paper, we develop the double step hybrid linear multistep method for solving second order initial value problems via interpolation and collocation method of power series approximate solution to give a system of nonlinear equations which is solved to give a continuous hybrid linear multistep method. The continuous hybrid linear multistep method is solved for the independent solutions to give a continuous hybrid block method which is then evaluated at some selected grid points to give a discrete block method. The basic numerical properties of the hybrid block method was established and found to be zero-stable, consistent and convergent. The efficiency of the new method was conformed on some initial value problems and found to give better approximation than the existing methods.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of One Step Block Method for Treatment of Second Order Forced Motions in Mass-Spring Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
J. Sabo ◽  
T. Y. Kyagya ◽  
W. J. Vashawa
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Initial Value Problems ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Block Method ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
One Step ◽  
Grid Points ◽  
The One ◽  
Mass Spring

This paper discuss the numerical simulation of one step block method for treatment of second order forced motions in mass-spring systems of initial value problems. The one step block method has been developed with the introduction of off-mesh point at both grid and off- grid points using interpolation and collocation procedure to increase computational burden which may jeopardize the accuracy of the method in terms of error. The basic properties of the one step block method was established and numerical analysis shown that the one step block method was found to be consistent, convergent and zero-stable. The one step block method was simulated on three highly stiff mathematical problems to validate the accuracy of the block method without reduction, and obviously the results shown are more accurate over the existing method in literature.

scholarly journals Efficient k-Step Linear Block Methods to Solve Second Order Initial Value Problems Directly

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1752
Author(s):  
Higinio Ramos ◽  
Samuel N. Jator ◽  
Mark I. Modebei
Keyword(s):  
Computational Efficiency ◽  
Initial Value Problems ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Special Equation ◽  
Block Methods ◽  
Grid Points

There are dozens of block methods in literature intended for solving second order initial-value problems. This article aimed at the analysis of the efficiency of k-step block methods for directly solving general second-order initial-value problems. Each of these methods consists of a set of 2k multi-step formulas (although we will see that this number can be reduced to k+1 in case of a special equation) that provides approximate solutions at k grid points at once. The usual way to obtain these formulas is by using collocation and interpolation at different points, which are not all necessarily in the mesh (it may also be considered intra-step or off-step points). An important issue is that for each k, all of them are essentially the same method, although they can adopt different formulations. Nevertheless, the performance of those formulations is not the same. The analysis of the methods presented give some clues as how to select the most appropriate ones in terms of computational efficiency. The numerical experiments show that using the proposed formulations, the computing time can be reduced to less than half.

DERIVATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A THREE-STEP HYBRID BLOCK ALGORITHM (TSHBA) FOR DIRECT SOLUTION OF LINEAR AND NONLINEAR SECOND ORDER ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-483
Author(s):  
O. E. Abolarin ◽  
B. G. Ogunware ◽  
A. F. Adebisi ◽  
S. O. Ayinde
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Ordinary Differential Equations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Multistep Method ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Direct Solution ◽  
Block Method ◽  
Order Error ◽  
Block Algorithm ◽  
Grid Points

The development and application of an implicit hybrid block method for the direct solution of second order ordinary differential equations with given initial conditions is shown in this research. The derivation of the three-step scheme was done through collocation and interpolation of power series approximation to give a continuous linear multistep method. The evaluation of the continuous method at the grid and off grid points formed the discrete block method. The basic properties of the method such as order, error constant, zero stability, consistency and convergence were properly examined. The new block method produced more accurate results when compared with similar works carried out by existing authors on the solution of linear and non-linear second order ordinary differential equations

scholarly journals Solving third order ordinary differential equations directly using hybrid numerical models

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
J. O. Kuboye ◽  
O. F. Quadri ◽  
O. R. Elusakin
Keyword(s):  
Power Series ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Ordinary Differential Equations ◽  
Initial Value Problems ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Gaussian Elimination ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Block Methods ◽  
Grid Points

In this work, numerical methods for solving third order initial value problems of ordinary differential equations are developed. Multi-step collocation is used in deriving the methods, where power series approximate solution is employed as a basis function. Gaussian elimination approach is considered in finding the unknown variables $a_j, j=0(1)8$ in interpolation and collocation equations, which are substituted into the power series to give the continuous implicit schemes. The discrete schemes and its derivatives are derived by evaluating the grid and non-grid points. These schemes are arranged in a matrix form to produce block methods. The order of the developed methods are found to be six. The numerical results proved the efficiency of the methods over the existing methods.

scholarly journals The Treatment of Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations Using Equidistant One-step Block Hybrid

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Y. Skwame ◽  
J. Sabo ◽  
M. Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Ordinary Differential Equations ◽  
Initial Value Problems ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Direct Solution ◽  
Block Method ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
One Step ◽  
Better Than

A general one-step hybrid block method with equidistant of order 6 has been successfully developed for the direct solution of second order IVPs in this article. Numerical analysis shows that the developed method is consistent and zero-stable which implies its convergence. The analysis of the new method is examined on two highly and mildly stiff second-order initial value problems to illustrate the efficiency of the method. It is obvious that our method performs better than the existing method within which we compare our result with. Hence, the approach is an adequate one for solving special second order IVPs.

The Formation of Implicit Second Order Backward Difference Adam’s Formulae for Solving Stiff Systems of First Order Initial Value Problems of Ordinary Differential Equations

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Sabo J. ◽  
Kyagya T. Y. ◽  
Ayinde A. M.
Keyword(s):  
Initial Value Problems ◽  
Absolute Stability ◽  
Multistep Method ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Stiff Systems ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
First Order ◽  
Systems Of Odes ◽  
Linear Odes ◽  
Region Of Absolute Stability

The formation of implicit second order backward difference Adam’s formulae for solving stiff systems of ODEs was study in this paper. We used interpolation and collocation in deriving backward differentiae Adam’s formulae. The basic properties of our method was analyzed, and it was found to be consistent, zero-stability and convergent, we further plotted the region of absolute stability and it was shown to be A-stable. Numerical evidences shows that the multistep method develop is very effective method for in handling linear ODEs either initial value problems or boundary value problems.

scholarly journals Functionally Fitted Block Method for Solving the General Oscillatory Second-Order Initial Value Problems and Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
S. N. Jator ◽  
F. F. Ngwane ◽  
N. O. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Initial Value Problems ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Fixed Frequency ◽  
Block Method ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Partial Differential ◽  
Predictor Corrector

We present a block hybrid functionally fitted Runge–Kutta–Nyström method (BHFNM) which is dependent on the stepsize and a fixed frequency. Since the method is implemented in a block-by-block fashion, the method does not require starting values and predictors inherent to other predictor-corrector methods. Upon deriving our method, stability is illustrated, and it is used to numerically solve the general second-order initial value problems as well as hyperbolic partial differential equations. In doing so, we demonstrate the method’s relative accuracy and efficiency.

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