scholarly journals INVESTIGATION INTO HYDRIDE REORIENTATION IN DUMMY FUEL ROD CLADDING (Zr-1%Nb) UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE DURING TESTING SIMULATING SNF HANDLING AND ACCIDENTS WITH LIMITING CLADDING HEATING UP TO 410 °С

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
G.P. Riedkina ◽  
Т.P. Chernyayeva ◽  
V.M. Grytsyna ◽  
V.S. Krasnorutskyy ◽  
I.A. Petelguzov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
Hydride Reorientation ◽  
Heating Up

scholarly journals Effect of Hydrogen, Hydride Orientation and Temperature on Low-Cycle Fatigue Resistance of Zr-1%Nb Fuel Rod Claddings

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
G. Riedkina ◽  
V. Grytsyna ◽  
S. Klymenko ◽  
Т. Chernyayeva
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Content ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
Hydride Reorientation

Low-cycle fatigue testing was conducted on annular samples with an outer diameter of 9.13 mm, a wall thickness of 0.68 mm and a width of 2.7 mm, namely: non-hydrogenated samples (cut out of standard Zr‑1%Nb cladding tubes); hydrogenated samples with a hydrogen concentration of 50 ... 400 ppm; samples cut out from hydrogenated dummy claddings after hydride reorientation tests performed according to various test modes. The tests were conducted at the temperatures of 25, 180, 350, 400 and 450 °С. The results obtained demonstrate that with increasing the hydrogen content in Zr-1%Nb alloy claddings the fatigue life increases.

scholarly journals FACILITY FOR HYDROGENATION AND THERMAL TESTING OF INTERNALLY PRESSURIZED DUMMY FUEL RODS

2020 ◽  
pp. 195-197
Author(s):  
V.A. Dolgiy ◽  
V.A. Chunosov ◽  
D.L. Kokosha ◽  
Т.P. Chernyayeva ◽  
V.M. Grytsyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Thermal Testing ◽  
Fuel Rods ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
Tangential Stresses ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Measurement Devices ◽  
Hydride Reorientation ◽  
Test Requirements ◽  
And Storage

A facility allowing to conduct experiments on dummy fuel rods up to 250 mm long, at temperatures up to 700 °C is presented. The designed facility is unique in that the conditions for the tests to be conducted on it most closely resemble (except for irradiation) those of fuel rods operation, loading and storage in SFDSF. All test parameters are programmed and regulated by special sensors, which brings the experiment on fuel rod temperature effect and pressure under the cladding as close as possible to the conditions of fuel rod operation in reactor and further storage in SFDSF. Hydride Reorientation Test (HRT) was conducted on dummy fuel rod sunder internal pressure of 3...5 MPa (at room temperature) and with hydrogen concentration of 50...300 ppm in the modes that simulate SNF handling with limiting heating to 410 °С and accidents with seven 410↔300 and 410↔180 °С thermal cycles. It has been demonstrated that the effectiveness of the influence of the test conditions in the specified modes on hydride reorientation increases with increasing hydrogen concentration and tangential stresses in the dummy fuel rod claddings. It has been shown that the test samples design, control and measurement devices, as well as the parameters estimated during the test and further investigations fully meet the test requirements.

scholarly journals Autoclaves and their dangers and safety in laboratories

1975 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Gillespie ◽  
S. A. Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Accelerated Cooling ◽  
Cooling Stage ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Downward Displacement ◽  
Fluid Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Heating Up ◽  
High Internal Pressure

SUMMARYUsing a laboratory downward displacement vertical autoclave with the help of thermocouples recorded on a 12 point multichannel strip recorder, the risk of failing to sterilize laboratory discard buckets has been demonstrated. The use of proper temperature and time controls can prevent this risk.A load in a bucket with perforated sides is more easily sterilized than in a solid bucket. Wire baskets, where appropriate, facilitate the sterilizing practice. The addition of water to a bucket does not reduce the time of heating up.It is desirable that sealed bottles of media should not be sterilized in simple downward displacement autoclaves, but if used, strict monitoring of temperatures and times is essential both in the heating up stage and especially in the cooling stage. The temperatures in bottles are slow to rise and very slow to fall. Bottles at high temperature 80–405° C. or over have a high internal pressure which can allow the bottles to explode when subjected to thermal shock if removed too early.It is suggested that all laboratory autoclaves should have a load temperature simulator or similar device to control the temperature of the load during the cycle automatically. For the sterilization of fluid media, it is suggested that, in addition to a simulator there should be accelerated cooling to reduce damage to the media and, what is more important, to rapidly bring down the temperature and thus the internal pressure in the bottles to a safe level. The opening of the sterilizer door or lid should be automatically controlled by the load temperature simulator.

Dependence of Internal Pressure-rise due to Arc on Current Waveform and Ignition Position

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (7) ◽  
pp. 574-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Tanaka ◽  
Tsukasa Miyagi ◽  
Mikimasa Iwata ◽  
Tadashi Amakawa
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Current Waveform

Validation of a Belt Model for Prediction of Hub Forces from a Rolling Tire4

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lecomte ◽  
W. R. Graham ◽  
D. J. O’Boy
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Impedance Boundary ◽  
Bending Waves ◽  
Tire Rotation ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Abstract An integrated model is under development which will be able to predict the interior noise due to the vibrations of a rolling tire structurally transmitted to the hub of a vehicle. Here, the tire belt model used as part of this prediction method is first briefly presented and discussed, and it is then compared to other models available in the literature. This component will be linked to the tread blocks through normal and tangential forces and to the sidewalls through impedance boundary conditions. The tire belt is modeled as an orthotropic cylindrical ring of negligible thickness with rotational effects, internal pressure, and prestresses included. The associated equations of motion are derived by a variational approach and are investigated for both unforced and forced motions. The model supports extensional and bending waves, which are believed to be the important features to correctly predict the hub forces in the midfrequency (50–500 Hz) range of interest. The predicted waves and forced responses of a benchmark structure are compared to the predictions of several alternative analytical models: two three dimensional models that can support multiple isotropic layers, one of these models include curvature and the other one is flat; a one-dimensional beam model which does not consider axial variations; and several shell models. Finally, the effects of internal pressure, prestress, curvature, and tire rotation on free waves are discussed.

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