Kebutuhan Nutrisi dan Cairan Pasien yang Menjalani Hemodilaisis : A Literatur review

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (Khusus) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaky Mubarak ◽  
Endang Mahati ◽  
A. Anggorowati

Latar belakang: Salah satu komponen perawatan dialisis adalah kebutuhan untuk mematuhi terapi diet yang cukup ketat. Mengontrol asupan nutrisi dan cairan adalah komponen penting dari diet pasien dengan hemodialisa. Pasien yang menerima terapi hemodialisis, memiliki fungsi ginjal yang sudah rusak secara permanen, yang membuat pengelolaan cairan dan elektrolit tubuh mereka mengalami gangguan. Pemeliharaan keseimbangan cairan dan nutrisi pada pasien hemodialisis adalah tujuan terapeutik dalam menentukan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Pasien dengan hemodialisis sering memiliki kekurangan terhadap kemampuan mengingat untuk mengetahui asupan cairan dan nutrisi mereka sendiri2. Sebanyak 80% pasien tidak membatasi asupan cairannya dan 67% tidak cukup membatasi nutrisi mereka6. Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah studi literature Review. Databased yang digunakan dalam pencarian sumber adalah CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct, dan Medline. Kritera inklusi pencarian sumber literatur adalah tahun penerbitan artikel tahun 2010 hingga 2018, dalam bahasa Inggris, dan full article. Kata kunci pencarian yaitu hemodilysis, nutrition and fluid. Hasil : Berdasarkan analisa tersebut ditemukan 4 tema, yaitu kebutuhan nutrisi pada pasien HD, kebutuhan cairan pada pasien HD, pemeliharaan keseimbangan nutrisi dan cairan pada pasien HD, dan faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan dalam pemenuhan nutrisi dan cairan pada pasien HD.Kesimpulan : Ginjal memainkan peran penting dalam menjaga hidrasi jaringan normal dan tingkat natrium serum. Pada pasien hemodialisis, dengan gangguan atau tidak adanya fungsi ginjal, status cairan dikelola dengan membuang kelebihan cairan menggunakan ultrafiltrasi dan dengan membatasi asupan natrium diet. Pasien hemodialisis harus tetap dekat dengan hidrasi normal selama periode interdialitik, dengan periode dehidrasi berlebihan yang minimal atau kelebihan cairan dan tanpa morbiditas terkait cairan

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang

*Full article is in FrenchEnglish abstract: This literature review presents seven major works on Durkheim written by leading Chinese researchers and published during the last 10 years. Some of them try to analyse Durkheim’s views in order to understand contemporary Chinese society, by questioning what Durkheim teaches us about moral education, or by examining his conception of the nation. Others are more in the nature of scholarly commentary on his theory, whether by examining notions of anomie, the division of labour, suicide or a moral science.French abstract: Cette revue de littérature présente sept principales publications (écrites par des chercheurs parmi les plus reconnus) consacrées à l’oeuvre de Durkheim en Chine et parues durant les dix dernières années. Certaines d’entre elles s’essayent à analyser l’actualité de Durkheim pour comprendre la société chinoise contemporaine, en interrogeant ce que Durkheim nous apprend à propos de l’éducation morale, ou encore en examinant sa conception de la nation. D’autres relèvent plus du commentaire érudit de sa théorie, que ce soit en se penchant sur la notion d’anomie, de division du travail, sur le suicide ou encore la science morale.


Author(s):  
Amanda Guedes Lima de Souza ◽  
Gessyca Gomes Cardoso ◽  
Letícia Malheiros da Silveira ◽  
Gerson Scherrer Júnior

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar o papel da enfermagem no parto humanizado. Foi embasada nos pressupostos da revisão de literatura. Utilizando os seguintes descritores: Enfermagem AND Parturiente AND Humanização, foram encontrados: a princípio 38 artigos e lidos os resumos; 19 foram excluídos após leitura do título; 19 foram selecionados; 7 foram excluídos após leitura do resumo; 12 artigos foram selecionados; 2 foram excluídos por não disponibilizar texto completo; 10 artigos foram selecionados; 2 foi excluído após leitura na íntegra, sendo escolhidos 7 que atendiam nosso objetivo. As categorias formadas foram: enfermagem; parto humanizado; gestante. As evidências apontam que embora houvesse uma “rejeição inicial” por parte dos enfermeiros em relação ao parto humanizado, após começarem a prestarem esse tipo de assistência, a avaliação a esse ato se torna positiva. Sendo assim, para realmente existirem mudanças significativas em relação ao parto humanizado são necessárias novas atitudes na reorganização dos cuidados, na promoção de uma educação qualificada dos profissionais da saúde, assim como uma boa estrutura de trabalho.Descritores: Enfermagem, Parto humanizado, Parturiente.Nursing in humanized labor: review of literatureAbstract: This research had the objective to identify the role of nursing in humanized childbirth. It was based on the assumptions of literature review. Using the following descriptors: Nursing AND Parturient AND Humanization, at first, were found 38 articles and the abstracts were read, 19 were excluded after reading the title, 19 were selected; 7 were excluded after reading the resume; 12 articles were selected; 2 were excluded because they didn’t provide the full article; 10 articles were selected; 2 were excluded after reading the full text, at the end 7 were chosen because they reached our goals. The categories formed were: nursing; humanized birth; pregnant. The evidences indicate that although there was an “initicial rejection” of humanized birth by nurses, after they start doing this kind of assistance, the evaluation to this act turn into positive. Therefore, to have significant changes in relation to humanized birth, new attitudes are necessary in the reorganization of care, in the promotion of a qualified education of the health professionals, as well as a good work structure.Descriptors: Nursing, Humanized Birth, Parturient.Enfermería en el parto humanizado: revisión de literaturaResumen: Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar la función de la enfermería en el parto humanizado. La misma se basó en los supuestos de la revisión de literatura. Utilizando los seguientes descriptores: Enfermería AND Parturienta AND Humanización, al princípio, fueron encontrados 38 artículos y leídos sus resúmenes: 19 han sido excluidos después de la lectura de su título; 19 han sido seleccionados; 7 han sido excluidos después de la lectura de sus resúmenes; 12 artículos han sido selecionados; 2 han sido excluidos porque no ofrecían el texto completo, 10 artículos han sido selecionados, 2 han sido excluídos después de leerlos por enterro, siendo elegidos 7 artículos que atendían a nuestro objetivo. Las categorías que se han formado son: enfermería, parto humanizado, embarazada. Las evidencias indican que aunque haya un “rechazo inicial” por parte de los enfermeiros em relación al parto humanizado, después de comenzar a prestar ese tipo de asistencia, la evaluación a ese acto se vuelve positiva. Por lo tanto, para que realmente haya câmbios significativos en relación al parto humanizado, nuevas actitudes en la reorganización de los cuidados son necesarias, así como en el incremento de una educación cualificada de los profisionales de la salud y una buena estructura de trabajo.Descriptores: Enfermería, Parto humanizado, Parturienta.


2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pizarek ◽  
Valeriy Shafiro ◽  
Patricia McCarthy

Computerized auditory training (CAT) is a convenient, low-cost approach to improving communication of individuals with hearing loss or other communicative disorders. A number of CAT programs are being marketed to patients and audiologists. The present literature review is an examination of evidence for the effectiveness of CAT in improving speech perception in adults with hearing impairments. Six current CAT programs, used in 9 published studies, were reviewed. In all 9 studies, some benefit of CAT for speech perception was demonstrated. Although these results are encouraging, the overall quality of available evidence remains low, and many programs currently on the market have not yet been evaluated. Thus, caution is needed when selecting CAT programs for specific patients. It is hoped that future researchers will (a) examine a greater number of CAT programs using more rigorous experimental designs, (b) determine which program features and training regimens are most effective, and (c) indicate which patients may benefit from CAT the most.


2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Haarbauer-Krupa

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this article is to inform speech-language pathologists in the schools about issues related to the care of children with traumatic brain injury.Method: Literature review of characteristics, outcomes and issues related to the needs serving children.Results: Due to acquired changes in cognition, children with traumatic brain injury have unique needs in a school setting.Conclusions: Speech-Language Pathologists in the school can take a leadership role with taking care of children after a traumatic brain injury and coordination of medical and educational information.


1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Robert Haralson
Keyword(s):  

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  

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