scholarly journals Body condition of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) feeding on the Pacific Coast reflects local and basin-wide environmental drivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-110
Author(s):  
Adrianne M Akmajian ◽  
Jonathan J Scordino ◽  
Patrick J Gearin ◽  
Merrill Gosho
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
The Body ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Gray Whales ◽  
The Pacific

A small subset of the Eastern North Pacific gray whale population does not make the full migration from wintering grounds in Mexico to feeding grounds in the Bering, Chukchi and Beaufort seas and instead feed along the Pacific Coast between northern California and northern British Columbia – this group is known as the Pacific Coast Feeding Group (PCFG). We evaluated the body condition of PCFG whales observed in northern Washington and along Vancouver Island to evaluate how body condition of gray whales changes within and between years. We found that PCFG gray whales improve body condition through the feeding season and at varying rates by year and that they have variability in their body condition at the start and end of each feeding season. The inclusion of environmental factors, particularly the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (lagged two years) and September kelp canopy cover along the Washington coast (lagged one year), drastically improved the ability of a multiple regression model to predict average whale body condition for a given year as compared to models without environmental factors included. A comparison of our findings to a previously published study on body condition of gray whales at Sakhalin Island, Russia highlight the differences of life history strategy between a group of whales with a long migration (Sakhalin whales) and those with a short migration. Whales feeding at Sakhalin Island gain body condition quicker and more predictably to a good body condition by the end of the feeding season than the whales we studied in the PCFG. Photogrammetry may be an effective method for monitoring the effects of climate change on PCFG gray whales.

A new genus and species of Sclerodactylidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Sclerothyoninae) from the Pacific coast of Panama, and assignment of Neopentamera anexigua to Sclerothyoninae

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4429 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
LUCIANA MARTINS ◽  
MARCOS TAVARES
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Calcareous Ring

Paulayellus gustavi, a new sclerodactylid genus and species, is described from the Pacific coast of Panama. The new genus and species is assigned to the subfamily Sclerothyoninae based on a suite of characters, which include the radial and interradial plates of the calcareous ring united at the base only. Paulayellus gen. nov. differs from the other Sclerothyoninae genera in having posterior processesof radial plates undivided. Additionally, differs from Sclerothyone, Thandarum and Neopentamera in having knobbed buttons, plates and cups in the body wall (whereas the body wall is furnished only with tables and plates in Sclerothyone, Temparena and Thandarum, and only with knobbed buttons and plates in Neopentamera). The new genus is, so far, monotypic. The also monotypic genus Neopentamera proved to have the radial and the interradial plates of the calcareous ring united at the base only, as typically found in the Sclerothyoninae, and is therefore transferred to that subfamily. The discovery of a new genus in the Sclerothyoninae and the transfer of Neopentamera required the amendation of the diagnosis for the subfamily. A key to the Sclerothyoninae is given. 

scholarly journals A new species of Bryconamericus (Characiformes, Stevardiinae, Characidae) from the Pacific coast of northwestern Ecuador, South America

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-252
Author(s):  
C. Román–Valencia ◽  
◽  
R. I. Ruiz-C. ◽  
D. C. Taphorn B. ◽  
P. Jiménez-Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Layer 2 ◽  
Anterior Extension ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Bryconamericus (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) is described from the Pacific coast of northwestern Ecuador, South America. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by the presence in males of bony hooks on the caudal fin rays (vs. absence). The different layers of pigment that constitute the humeral spots have differing degrees of development and structure that are independent of each other. Brown melanophores are distributed in a thin, vertical, superficial layer of the epithelium (layer 1) and in another deeper (layer 2) that overlaps the first and is centered over the lateral–line. B. ecuadorensis has a horizontally oval or elliptical shape layer 2 pigment in the anterior humeral spot (vs. a rectangular or circular layer 2). The new species further differs in having an anterior extension of the caudal peduncle spot (vs. no anterior extension of the caudal peduncle spot) and by having a dark lateral stripe overlaid by the peduncular spot and by the regularly distributed pigmentation on scales on the sides of the body (vs. peduncular spot and other body pigments not superimposed over a dark lateral stripe). Hooks present on all fins of males (vs. hooks present only on anal and pelvic fins of males) distinguishes the new species from B. dahli, the only sympatric congener. Seven other diagnostic characters separating the new taxon from B. dahli are reported. We also include physical, chemical and biological habitat parameters and analyse the impacts from mining on this new species and other organisms present at the type locality.

Are solo infections of the diphyllobothriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus more virulent than multiple infections?

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Heins ◽  
Kristine N. Moody ◽  
Sophia Miller
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Schistocephalus Solidus ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe performed a long-term natural experiment investigating the impact of the diphyllobotriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus on the body condition and clutch size (CS) of threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, its second intermediate host, and the growth of larval parasites in host fish. We tested the hypothesis that single S. solidus infections were more virulent than multiple infections. We also asked whether the metrics of mean and total parasite mass (proxies for individual and total volume, respectively) were consistent with predictions of the resource constraints or the life history strategy (LHS) hypothesis for the growth of, hence exploitation by, larval helminths in intermediate hosts. The samples were drawn from Walby Lake, Alaska in eight of 11 years. Host body condition and CS (egg number per spawning bout) decreased significantly with intensity after adjustments for host size and parasite index. Thus, infections have an increasingly negative impact on measures of host fitness with greater intensity, in contrast to the hypothesis that single infections are more harmful than multiple infections. We also found that mean parasite mass decreased with intensity while total parasite mass increased with intensity as predicted by the LHS hypothesis.

scholarly journals Three new species of Bryconamericus (Characiformes, Characidae), with keys for species from Ecuador and a discussion on the validity of the genus Knodus

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Román–Valencia ◽  
◽  
R. I. Ruiz-C. ◽  
D. C. Taphorn B. ◽  
C. García-A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Maxillary Tooth ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Osteological Characters

Three new species of characid fishes of the genus Bryconamericus are described from the Pacific coast and Amazon Basin in Ecuador, based on pigmentation and morphometric, meristic and osteological characters. B. bucayensis (n = 48) is distinguished by the number of scales between the lateral line and the pelvic–fin insertions (7–8 vs. 2–7, except B. terrabensis with 7–8 and B. arilepis with 9–10), the number of branched anal–fin rays (33–38 vs. 31 or fewer), the number of anterior anal–fin rays covered by a row of scales at their bases (28–31 vs. 4–26), and its wide anterior maxillary tooth being at least twice the width of the posterior tooth, both of which are pentacuspid (vs. maxillary teeth of same size). B. zamorensis (n = 126) is distinguished from congeners by having five teeth on the maxilla (vs. 1 or 2 teeth on maxilla), except B. rubropictus and B. thomasi, from which it differs in a reticulated pattern over the lateral stripe, generated by the concentration of melanophores, the scale margins, all along the sides of the body, the high number of branched anal–fin rays and vertebras, and the low branched dorsal–fin rays. The dorsal expansion of the rhinosphenoid forms a bony wall between olfactory nerves (vs. dorsal expansion of rhinosphenoid between olfactory nerves absent). Lateral process of palatine surpasses anterolateral margin of ectopterygoid (vs. palatine without lateral processes that laterally surpass the ectopterygoid), and the distal tip of sphenotic spine is laterally wide and undulated (vs. narrow). B. oroensis n. sp. (n = 124) is distinguished by having a dark lateral stripe overlaid with a peduncular spot and a reticulated pattern on the sides of the body (vs. peduncular spot and other body pigments not superimposed over a dark lateral stripe). It has three simple dorsal–fin rays, the first only visible in cleared and stained material and articulated, along with the second simple ray, with the first dorsal pterygiophores. The third simple ray is longer, and articulated with second dorsal pterygiophores (vs. only two simple dorsal–fin rays, both articulated with first dorsal pterygiophores). The anterior frontal is separated and so the fontanel front parietal is continued on the mesethmoids (vs. anterior tips of frontals united, and not separated by mesethmoids). Keys for identification of the species of Bryconamericus known to occur in Ecuador are included and the validity of the genus Knodus (vide Knodus carlosi) is discussed for cis Andean species.

Health Indices of the Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Along the Pacific Coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico. II. Body Condition Index

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Labrada-Martagón ◽  
Lia C. Méndez-Rodríguez ◽  
Susan C. Gardner ◽  
Victor H. Cruz-Escalona ◽  
Tania Zenteno-Savín
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Green Turtle ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Body Condition Index ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
The Pacific

Effect of environmental factors and changes in the body condition score on the onset of the breeding season in mares

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 987-995
Author(s):  
Pouya Dini ◽  
Kaatje Ducheyne ◽  
Isabel Lemahieu ◽  
Wendy Wambacq ◽  
Hilde Vandaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Condition Score

scholarly journals Matching of the Gray Whales of off Sakhalin and the Pacific Coast of Japan, with a Note on the Stranding at Wadaura, Japan in March, 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 168-178
Author(s):  
Gen Nakamura ◽  
Hiroshi Katsumata ◽  
Yujin Kim ◽  
Minoru Akagi ◽  
Ayumi Hirose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Gray Whales ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Coast Of Japan

The Monumental Aquascape of Kaminaljuyu

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-151
Author(s):  
Barbara Arroyo ◽  
Lucia Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Complex Network ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maya Lowlands ◽  
Southern Sector ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
A Site ◽  
Civic Center

In Chapter 7, Arroyo and Henderson introduce the monumental aquascape of Kaminaljuyu, a site located in the Valley of Guatemala, occupying a strategic position that connected several important cultural regions, including the Pacific Coast, the northern highlands, and the Maya lowlands. In this chapter, the authors outline a new understanding of the complex, multifaceted, and monumental hydraulic landscape of Kaminaljuyu. They argue that previous assumptions related to the footprint and timeline of Lake Miraflores, the body of water around which the site’s first occupants originally settled, need to be reassessed. They also expand the site’s monumental hydraulic landscape to consider the massive, snaking “Montículo de la Culebra” aqueduct, which served to fill Lake Miraflores with water from the nearby Río Pinula. Lastly, in addition to the system of agricultural canals that brought lake water to the site’s southern sector, they describe a recently discovered system of ritualized waterways that channeled water through the site’s civic center, transforming the civic landscape into a complex network of artificial rivers, ponds, and lagoons.

Pentamera fonsecae n. sp. a new species of sea cucumber from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida: Thyonidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4878 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-588
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO ALONSO SOLIS-MARIN ◽  
JUAN JOSE ALVARADO ◽  
CARLOS ANDRES CONEJEROS-VARGAS ◽  
ANDREA ALEJANDRA CABALLERO-OCHOA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Tube Feet

Pentamera fonsecae n. sp. is described from seven specimens as a new species of Thyonidae from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. It is distinguished from its congeners by having tables with ladder-shaped spires in the body wall, and tube feet with curved support tables of variable height and tables as those found in the body wall slightly smaller than those from the body wall. This species is distributed in Guanacaste, Costa Rica, from 28.5 to 40 m on muddy bottoms.

The Philological Association of The Pacific Coast

PMLA ◽  
1935 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1373-1374
Keyword(s):  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Stanford University ◽  
The Pacific

The thirty-seventh annual meeting of the Philological Association of the Pacific Coast was held at Stanford University, California, on November 29 and 30, 1935.

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