INTENSIFICATION OF THE MELANOIDIN FORMATION REACTION IN THE PRODUCTION OF SWEET BOILED CANNED MILK

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
L. Sokolovskaya ◽  
O. Soroko ◽  
I. Miklukh ◽  
E. Bespalova
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Formation Reaction ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Condensed Milk ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Short Period ◽  
High Temperature Processing ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The article gives empirical grounding of reducing the melanoidins formation process duration at high-temperature processing of sweet canned milk due to the use of enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose. In sweet canned milk samples with hydrolyzed lactose there was a more intensive decrease in active acidity and an increase in oxidation-reduction potential and obviously a change in milk color within a short period of time by contrast to milk with not hydrolyzed lactose. Lactose disaccharide splitting to (38±2)% allows to reduce the duration of high-temperature processing average by 40% at traditionally applied prossing temperature of (105±5) °C, and reduce the sucrose content in the finished product by 3–8%. The use of fructose in order to accelerate the process of cooking whole condensed milk is not rational.

scholarly journals THE CHEMICAL NATURE OF THE SUBSTANCES REQUIRED FOR CELL MULTIPLICATION

1929 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillian E. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Cell Multiplication ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Nutritive Medium ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Complete Acid Hydrolysis

1. It has been shown that the ash of liver, hemoglobin, and glutathione each exerts a very slight beneficial effect on the growth of sarcomatous fibroblasts of the rat, or on the condition of their cells when cultivated in a synthetic medium. 2. The addition of all three of these substances, or of only glutathione and hemoglobin, to a mixture of casein digest, glycocoll, and nucleic acid gives a medium in which sarcomatous fibroblasts of the rat proliferate for a considerable time as rapidly as in embryo juice. 3. The mixture is not as adequate a nutritive medium as embryo juice, for after a time dead cells are found surrounding the central fragment of the culture, and after several passages the growth becomes thinner. 4. The hypothesis is suggested that glutathione and hemoglobin may function not only by regulating the respiration and oxidation-reduction reactions within the cell, but also by regulating the oxidation-reduction potential of the medium. 5. It is suggested that the failure to obtain growth of fibroblasts in mixtures of amino acids or of the products of complete acid hydrolysis of proteins is in part due to the absence of glutathione, and that this substance is not synthetized by fibroblasts. 6. The growth of normal fibroblasts of the rat is also increased by the addition of the above mentioned substances to a synthetic medium.

The oxidation-reduction potential of sterilized milk

1960 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance Higginbottom ◽  
Margaret M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Heated Milk ◽  
High Temperature Short Time ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Sterilized Milk ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Partial Vacuum ◽  
Made In

SummaryFor milk sterilized under partial vacuum in closed bottles the oxidation-reduction potential measured under nitrogen was markedly lower (—280 to —300 mV) than that of milk heated in bottles open to the air, measurements being made in air (+10 to —30 mV).TheEh(under nitrogen) of commercial sterilized milk and of ultra-high-temperature short-time heated milk was in the range —200 to —300 mV and of the same order as that obtained in the laboratory for deaerated milk sterilized in closed bottles.

scholarly journals In situ measurements of oxidation–reduction potential and hydrogen peroxide concentration as tools for revealing LPMO inactivation during enzymatic saccharification of cellulose

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Kadić ◽  
Anikó Várnai ◽  
Vincent G. H. Eijsink ◽  
Svein Jarle Horn ◽  
Gunnar Lidén
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
The State ◽  
Enzyme Inactivation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Process Economics ◽  
Complete Inactivation ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential

Abstract Background Biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to simple sugars at commercial scale is hampered by the high cost of saccharifying enzymes. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) may hold the key to overcome economic barriers. Recent studies have shown that controlled activation of LPMOs by a continuous H2O2 supply can boost saccharification yields, while overdosing H2O2 may lead to enzyme inactivation and reduce overall sugar yields. While following LPMO action by ex situ analysis of LPMO products confirms enzyme inactivation, currently no preventive measures are available to intervene before complete inactivation. Results Here, we carried out enzymatic saccharification of the model cellulose Avicel with an LPMO-containing enzyme preparation (Cellic CTec3) and H2O2 feed at 1 L bioreactor scale and followed the oxidation–reduction potential and H2O2 concentration in situ with corresponding electrode probes. The rate of oxidation of the reductant as well as the estimation of the amount of H2O2 consumed by LPMOs indicate that, in addition to oxidative depolymerization of cellulose, LPMOs consume H2O2 in a futile non-catalytic cycle, and that inactivation of LPMOs happens gradually and starts long before the accumulation of LPMO-generated oxidative products comes to a halt. Conclusion Our results indicate that, in this model system, the collapse of the LPMO-catalyzed reaction may be predicted by the rate of oxidation of the reductant, the accumulation of H2O2 in the reactor or, indirectly, by a clear increase in the oxidation–reduction potential. Being able to monitor the state of the LPMO activity in situ may help maximizing the benefit of LPMO action during saccharification. Overcoming enzyme inactivation could allow improving overall saccharification yields beyond the state of the art while lowering LPMO and, potentially, cellulase loads, both of which would have beneficial consequences on process economics.

scholarly journals The Negative Impact of Varicocele on Basic Semen Parameters, Sperm Nuclear DNA Dispersion and Oxidation-Reduction Potential in Semen

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5977
Author(s):  
Kamil Gill ◽  
Michal Kups ◽  
Patryk Harasny ◽  
Tomasz Machalowski ◽  
Marta Grabowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Sperm Dna

Since varicocele is so common in infertile men, this study intends to analyse the relationships between varicocele and conventional semen characteristics, sperm nuclear DNA dispersion and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in semen. Varicocele-positive and varicocele-negative infertile men (study groups) showed significantly lower standard sperm parameters and higher sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and ORP in semen than healthy volunteers and subjects with proven fertility (control groups). A lower proportion of low SDF levels (0–15% SDF) and higher incidence of high SDF levels (>30% SDF), as well as a higher prevalence of high ORP values (>1.37 mV/106 sperm/mL), were found in the study groups vs. the control groups. Moreover, infertile men had significantly lower odds ratios (ORs) for low SDF levels and significantly higher ORs for high SDF levels and high ORP. SDF and ORP were negatively correlated with sperm number, morphology, motility and vitality. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was found between SDF and ORP. The obtained results suggest that disorders of spermatogenesis may occur in varicocele-related infertility. These abnormalities are manifested not only by reduced standard semen parameters but also by decreased sperm DNA integrity and simultaneously increased oxidative stress in semen.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document