scholarly journals Isolation of a starfish myorelaxant peptide (SMP) isotype from the pyloric caeca of Patiria pectinifera

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kubarova ◽  
Hye-Jin Go ◽  
Nam Gyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Patiria Pectinifera

scholarly journals Morphohistology of the Digestive Tract of the Damsel FishStegastes fuscus(Osteichthyes: Pomacentridae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskara Canan ◽  
Wallace Silva do Nascimento ◽  
Naisandra Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Sathyabama Chellappa
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Transition Region ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Muscular Layer ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tidal Pools

This study investigated the morphohistology of the digestive tract and the mean intestinal coefficient of the damsel fishStegastes fuscuscaptured from the tidal pools of Northeastern Brazil. The wall of the digestive tract ofS. fuscusis composed of the tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica serosa. The esophagus is short with sphincter and thick distensible wall with longitudinally folded mucosa. Mucous glands are predominant, and the muscular layer of the esophagus presented striated fibers all along its extension. The transition region close to the stomach shows plain and striated muscular fibers. Between the stomach and intestine, there are three pyloric caeca. The intestine is long and thin with four folds around the stomach. The anterior intestine presents folds similar to those of pyloric caeca. The estimated mean intestinal coefficient and characteristics of the digestive system ofS. fuscuspresent morphological adequacy for both herbivorous and omnivorous feeding habits.

Digestion and Digestive Enzymes in the Herring (Clupea harengus L.)

1935 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen I. Battle
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Acidic Condition ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Gastric Contents

Crustacean food is partially broken down and digested in the caecum of the stomach of the herring. It becomes more finely divided in the pyloric sac and consists of an oily chyme, intermingled with chitin, mucus and bacterial clumps in the pyloric caeca and intestine. The acidic condition of the gastric contents is probably instrumental in the reddening of chitinous food in the tract. Pepsin from the stomach and trypsin from the pyloric caeca increase in digestive power over a temperature range from 2.4 to 37.5 °C. The stomach secretes a protease (pepsin), a weak amylase, and possibly a weak lipase. The pyloric caeca secrete a strong protease (trypsin), a strong amylase, and a lipase rendered active by bile. The intestinal mucosa exhibits lipolytic and amylolytic ferments, while the bile has some amylolytic properties.

scholarly journals Transcriptomics reveals tissue/organ-specific differences in gene expression in the starfish Patiria pectinifera

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan-Hee Kim ◽  
Hye-Jin Go ◽  
Hye Young Oh ◽  
Yong Hun Jo ◽  
Maurice R. Elphick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Patiria Pectinifera

scholarly journals Gene regulation of adult skeletogenesis in starfish and modifications during gene network co-option

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Yamazaki ◽  
Shumpei Yamakawa ◽  
Yoshiaki Morino ◽  
Yasunori Sasakura ◽  
Hiroshi Wada
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Transcription Activator ◽  
Patiria Pectinifera ◽  
Skeleton Formation

AbstractThe larval skeleton of the echinoderm is believed to have been acquired through co-option of a pre-existing gene regulatory network (GRN); that is, the mechanism for adult skeleton formation in the echinoderm was deployed in early embryogenesis during echinoderm diversification. To explore the evolutionary changes that occurred during co-option, we examined the mechanism for adult skeletogenesis using the starfish Patiria pectinifera. Expression patterns of skeletogenesis-related genes (vegf, vegfr, ets1/2, erg, alx1, ca1, and clect) suggest that adult skeletogenic cells develop from the posterior coelom after the start of feeding. Treatment with inhibitors and gene knockout using transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) suggest that the feeding-nutrient sensing pathway activates Vegf signaling via target of rapamycin (TOR) activity, leading to the activation of skeletogenic regulatory genes in starfish. In the larval skeletogenesis of sea urchins, the homeobox gene pmar1 activates skeletogenic regulatory genes, but in starfish, localized expression of the pmar1-related genes phbA and phbB was not detected during the adult skeleton formation stage. Based on these data, we provide a model for the adult skeletogenic GRN in the echinoderm and propose that the upstream regulatory system changed from the feeding-TOR-Vegf pathway to a homeobox gene-system during co-option of the skeletogenic GRN.

Lipolytic enzymes of the digestive organs of the crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci: Comparison of the stomach and pyloric caeca

1989 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
M-Christiane Brahimi-Horn ◽  
Maria L. Guglielmino ◽  
Lindsay G. Sparrow ◽  
Raymond I. Logan ◽  
Peter J. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Acanthaster Planci ◽  
Lipolytic Enzymes ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Digestive Organs
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