Specifics and Vulnerabilities of the Timing Control in Cyber-Physical Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliya Georgiev ◽  
Ivo Georgiev
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Timing Control ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Expert Estimation ◽  
System Operating

Cyber-physical systems integrate powerful computing (real-time embedded system, operating system, applications, and Internet networking) and physical environment (advanced manufacturing cells, medical platforms, energetics aggregates, social and educational control). The reliable functionality depends extremely on the correct timing. Wrong timing because of buried malfunction or external tampering could be critical. The paper is some analysis of the vulnerable timing parameters that influence the precise processing. Expert estimation of the criticality of different timing parameters is given to support fault-tolerant design considering possible failures.

Safety-Critical, Dependable, and Fault-Tolerant Cyber-Physical Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-78
Author(s):  
Guru Prasad Bhandari ◽  
Ratneshwer Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
General Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Computer Based

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are co-engineered integrating with physical and computational components networks. Additionally, a CPS is a mechanism controlled or monitored by computer-based algorithms, tightly interacting with the internet and its users. This chapter presents the definitions relating to dependability, safety-critical and fault-tolerance of CPSs. These definitions are supplemented by other definitions like reliability, availability, safety, maintainability, integrity. Threats to dependability and security like faults, errors, failures are also discussed. Taxonomy of different faults and attacks in CPSs are also presented in this chapter. The main objective of this chapter is to give the general information about secure CPS to the learners for the further enhancement in the field of CPSs.

A Model-Based Toolchain to Verify Spatial Behavior of Cyber-Physical Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Herrmann ◽  
Jan Olaf Blech ◽  
Fenglin Han ◽  
Heinz Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Spatial Model ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Spatial Behavior ◽  
Model Checker ◽  
Control Software ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Model Based

A method preserving cyber-physical systems to operate safely in a joint physical space is presented. It comprises the model-based development of the control software and simulators for the continuous physical environment as well as proving the models for spatial and real-time properties. The corresponding toolchain is based on the model-based engineering tool Reactive Blocks and the spatial model checker BeSpaceD. The real-time constraints to be kept by the controller are proven using the model checker UPPAAL.

scholarly journals Deriving Specifications of Control Programs for Cyber Physical Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 774-790
Author(s):  
Alan Burns ◽  
Ian J Hayes ◽  
Cliff B Jones
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Physical Components

Abstract Cyber physical systems (CPS) exist in a physical environment and comprise both physical components and a control program. Physical components are inherently liable to failure and yet an overall CPS is required to operate safely, reliably and cost effectively. This paper proposes a framework for deriving the specification of the software control component of a CPS from an understanding of the behaviour required of the overall system in its physical environment. The two key elements of this framework are (i) an extension to the use of rely/guarantee conditions to allow specifications to be obtained systematically from requirements (as expressed in terms of the required behaviour in the environment) and nested assumptions (about the physical components of the CPS); and (ii) the use of time bands to record the temporal properties required of the CPS at a number of different granularities. The key contribution is in combining these ideas; using time bands overcomes a significant drawback in earlier work. The paper also addresses the means by which the reliability of a CPS can be addressed by challenging each rely condition in the derived specification and, where appropriate, improve robustness and/or define weaker guarantees that can be delivered with respect to the corresponding weaker rely conditions.

scholarly journals Quality control in cyber-physical systems of smart electronics manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Vol 2094 (4) ◽  
pp. 042066
Author(s):  
A A Dzyubanenko ◽  
G I Korshunov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Surface Mounting

Abstract The creation of high-tech smart industries is observed in dynamically developing industries, which include the production of electronics and the automotive industry. The concept of “smart manufacturing” is closely related to the concept of cyber-physical systems, which integrates the main elements of digitalization and intellectualization. This concept provides for the continuous improvement of intellectual “cybernetic” resources for the effective management of the “physical” environment considered in this problem area. Improvement of technologies, ensuring high rates of reproducibility and suitability of equipment creates conditions for defect-free production. However, there remain the problems of recognizing patterns represented not by an obvious marriage, but by some not fully defined inconsistency on a set of requirements. The need to disclose uncertainties of this kind is typical for surface mounting technologies for printed circuit boards. The introduction of more and more advanced automatic optical inspections, containing the possibility of introducing intelligent (cybernetic) means, creates conditions for improving the quality of printed circuit boards as a “physical” environment. It is also important to minimize the “human factor”, the presence of which is still used when making decisions on the results of control. In the article, ensuring the rhythm of digital production and increasing the reliability of control in quality management in smart high-tech industries using the example of electronics production.

MSYNC: A Generalized Formal Design Pattern for Virtually Synchronous Multirate Cyber-physical Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5s) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Kyungmin Bae ◽  
Peter Csaba Ölveczky
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Control ◽  
Design Pattern ◽  
Design Patterns ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Distributed Control System ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Formal Design ◽  
Special Case

TTA and PALS are two prominent formal design patterns—with different strengths and weaknesses—for virtually synchronous distributed cyber-physical systems (CPSs). They greatly simplify the design and verification of such systems by allowing us to design and verify their underlying synchronous designs. In this paper we introduce and verify MSYNC as a formal design (and verification) pattern/synchronizer for hierarchical multirate CPSs that generalizes, and combines the advantages of, both TTA and (single-rate and multirate) PALS. We also define an extension of TTA to multirate CPSs as a special case. We show that MSYNC outperforms both TTA and PALS in terms of allowing shorter periods, and illustrate the MSYNC design and verification approach with a case study on a fault-tolerant distributed control system for turning an airplane.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document