Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of Sleep Disordered Breathing in Pregnancy

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Sushma Suri ◽  
J. C. Suri ◽  
M. K. Sen ◽  
S Phadke
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Sleep disordered breathing in pregnancy

Breathe ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilgay Izci Balserak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
List Type ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Key pointsSleep disordered breathing (SDB) is common and the severity increases as pregnancy progresses.Frequent snoring, older age and high pre-pregnancy body mass index (>25 kg⋅m−2) could be reliable indicators for SDB in early pregnancy.SDB screening tools, including questionnaires, used in the nonpregnant population have poor predictive ability in pregnancy.Accumulating evidence suggests that SDB during pregnancy may be associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously because several studies failed to adjust for potential maternal confounders and have other study limitations.There are no pregnancy-specific practice guidelines for SDB treatment. Many clinicians and practices follow recommendations for the treatment in the general population. Women with pre-existing SDB might need to be reassessed, particularly after the sixth month of pregnancy, because symptoms can worsen with nasal congestion and weight gain.Educational aimsTo highlight the prevalence and severity of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in the pregnant population.To inform readers about risk factors for SDB in pregnancy.To explore the impact of SDB on adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, and biological pathways for associated adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.To introduce current management options for SDB in pregnancy, including medical and behavioural approaches.Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is very common during pregnancy, and is most likely explained by hormonal, physiological and physical changes. Maternal obesity, one of the major risk factors for SDB, together with physiological changes in pregnancy may predispose women to develop SDB. SDB has been associated with poor maternal and fetal outcomes. Thus, early identification, diagnosis and treatment of SDB are important in pregnancy. This article reviews the pregnancy-related changes affecting the severity of SDB, the epidemiology and the risk factors of SDB in pregnancy, the association of SDB with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and screening and management options specific for this population.

scholarly journals 42 Sleep-disordered breathing in pregnancy and its effect on endothelial and metabolic dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. S30-S31
Author(s):  
Mitchell Onslow ◽  
Jennifer Wolsk ◽  
Stephen Wisniewski ◽  
Francesca Facco
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Abstract P107: Are Sleep Disturbances Associated with the Development of Gestational Diabetes? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A Miller ◽  
Ponnusamy Saravanan ◽  
Manu Vatish ◽  
Francesco P Cappuccio
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Introduction and objectives: Physiological and hormonal changes occurring in pregnancy increase the risk of sleep disordered breathing (SDB), which, along with short sleep (SS) duration, may be associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Exposure to GDM in the mother increases her lifetime risk of type-2 diabetes (T2D) as well as the risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome and, in later life, T2D of her children. The aim of this study was to systematically review the collective published evidence of associations between snoring/sleep-disordered breathing or sleep duration and increased risk of GDM. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypotheses that sleep disturbances, and/or short sleep during pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of GDM. Materials and Methods: We performed systematic searches using MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane library and PsycINFO to assess the effect of snoring/sleep disordered breathing (SDB) or short sleep (SS) on the development of gestational diabetes (GDM) and impaired glucose tolerance in pregnancy. Prospective studies with measures of sleep disturbances at baseline and outcome measures of GDM or levels of glucose 1hr post GCT were included in a meta-analysis. We extracted odds ratios (OR) or relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and pooled them using a random effect model. Results: Overall, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria. They included 4,292 participants with 311 cases of GDM. In the pooled analysis, snoring/SDB and SS were both associated with a greater risk of GDM (RR: 2·27; 95% CI 1·65 to 3·12; P < 0· 00001) and (3·19 [1·56 to 6·54]; P < 0·002), respectively. There was no evidence of heterogeneity but there was evidence of publication bias and not all studies adjusted for obesity. Sensitivity analyses did not influence the pooled risk estimates. Conclusions: In conclusion, sleep disturbances may represent a risk factor for the development of GDM. Further studies are required to address the issues of publication bias and potential confounding, and to extend these observations to high-risk groups like women of ethnic minority groups whose risk of GDM is the greatest. Prevention, detection and treatment strategies need to be explored.

Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Pregnancy

2017 ◽  
pp. 1540-1546.e4
Author(s):  
Francesca Facco ◽  
Judette Louis ◽  
Melissa Pauline Knavert ◽  
Bilgay Izci Balserak
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Exploring Fetal Sex as a Risk Factor for Sleep Disordered Breathing and Its Complications in Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 247028972094807
Author(s):  
Margaret H. Bublitz ◽  
Myriam Salameh ◽  
Laura Sanapo ◽  
Ghada Bourjeily
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a common, yet under-recognized and undertreated condition in pregnancy. Sleep disordered breathing is associated with pregnancy complications including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, as well as severe maternal morbidity and mortality. The identification of risk factors for SDB in pregnancy may improve screening, diagnosis, and treatment of SDB prior to the onset of pregnancy complications. The goal of this study was to determine whether fetal sex increases risk of SDB in pregnancy. A cohort of singleton (N = 991) pregnant women were recruited within 24 to 48 hours of delivery and answered questions regarding SDB symptoms by questionnaire. Women who reported frequent loud snoring at least 3 times a week were considered to have SDB. Hospital records were reviewed to extract information on fetal sex and pregnancy complications including preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, and low birth weight. Women carrying male fetuses were significantly more likely to have SDB (β = .37, P = .01, OR: 1.45 [95% CI: 1.09-1.94]). Fetal sex was associated with increased risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (defined as preeclampsia and/or pregnancy-induced hypertension) among women with SDB in pregnancy (β = .41, P = .02, OR: 1.51 [95% CI: 1.08-2.11]). Fetal sex did not increase risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, or gestational diabetes among women with SDB in pregnancy. Women carrying male fetuses were approximately 1.5 times more likely to report SDB in pregnancy compared to women carrying female fetuses, and women with pregnancy-onset SDB carrying male fetuses were 1.5 times more likely to have hypertensive disorders of pregnancy compared to women with SDB carrying female fetuses. Confirmation of fetal sex as a risk factor may, with other risk factors, play a role in identifying women at highest risk of SDB complications in pregnancy.

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