scholarly journals Esophageal Metastasis from Carcinoma Thyroid

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
Arvind Krishnamurthy ◽  
KT Siddappa ◽  
Shirley Sundersingh ◽  
Satish Srinivas ◽  
Krishna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma Thyroid ◽  
Esophageal Metastasis ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancers ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma Thyroid

Abstract The incidence of hematogenous spread at the time of presentation of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma is the range of 4 to 15%. Distant metastases in the most common cause of death from well-differentiated thyroid cancers. About 5% of papillary carcinoma and 25% of follicular carcinoma develop distant metastases. Distant metastases occur largely in the lungs and to a lesser extent in the bones, brain and soft tissues. We report and discuss the management of an elderly gentleman with papillary carcinoma thyroid metastatic to the esophagus on follow-up. Only one similar published report is described which was from a follicular carcinoma thyroid. Our case of a papillary carcinoma thyroid metastatic to the esophagus seems to be the first if its kind.

scholarly journals ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: Genetic predictors of thyroid cancer outcome

2016 ◽  
Vol 174 (4) ◽  
pp. R117-R126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Tavares ◽  
Miguel Melo ◽  
José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro ◽  
Paula Soares ◽  
Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Genetic Predictors ◽  
Patient’S Outcome ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Cancer Outcome

Genetic predictors of outcome are reviewed in the context of a disease – cancer – that can be (too) simplistically described as a ‘successful, invasive clone of our own tissues’. Context has many faces that determine a thyroid cancer patient's outcome beyond the influence of genetic markers. There is also plenty of evidence on the prognostic meaning of the interplay between genetics and context/microenvironment factors (encapsulation, degree of invasion, staging, etc.). This review addresses only genetic alterations detected by molecular methods in surgically resected specimens, thus ruling out immunohistochemistry and (F)ISH, despite their crucial relevance as topographically oriented methods. For the sake of the discussion, well-differentiated carcinomas were divided into two main morphologic types: papillary carcinoma (classic and most variants) displaying BRAFV600E mutations and RET/papillary thyroid carcinoma rearrangements and the group of follicular patterned carcinomas that encompasses follicular carcinoma and the encapsulated form of follicular variant of papillary carcinoma, displaying RAS mutations and PAX8/PPARγ rearrangement. TERT promoter mutations have been recently described (and associated with distant metastases and reduced survival) in papillary and follicular carcinomas, as well as in poorly differentiated and undifferentiated carcinoma. TP53 mutations, previously thought to be restricted to less differentiated carcinomas, were also detected in papillary and follicular carcinoma and found to carry a guarded prognosis. Besides their putative importance for targeted therapies, the prognostic meaning of such mutations is discussed per se and in the setting of concurrent BRAF mutation.

scholarly journals Synchronous intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma: case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia De Falco ◽  
Giuseppe Santangelo ◽  
Fabrizio Chirico ◽  
Angelo Cangiano ◽  
Maria Giulia Sommella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Parathyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Gamma Probe ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinomas ◽  
First Case ◽  
Well Differentiated

Abstract Background Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine malignancy, rarer when synchronous with a non medullary well differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Parathyroid carcinoma accounts of 0.005% of all malignant tumors and it is responsible for less than 1% of primary hyperparathyroidism. The intrathyroidal localization of a parathyroid gland is not frequent with a reported prevalence of 0.2%. Carcinoma of parathyroids with intrathyroidal localization represents an even rarer finding, reported in only 16 cases described in literature. The rare constellation of synchronous parathyroid and thyroid carcinomas has prompted us to report our experience and perform literature review. Case presentation We herein report a case of a 63-years-old man with multinodular goiter and biochemical diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. Total thyroidectomy with radio-guide technique using gamma probe after intraoperative sesta-MIBI administration and intraoperative PTH level was performed. The high radiation levels in the posterior thyroid lobe discovered an intrathyroidal parathyroid. Microscopic examination revealed a parathyroid main cell carcinoma at the posterior thyroidal left basal lobe, a classic papillary carcinoma at the same lobe and follicular variant of papillary carcinoma at the thyroidal right lobe. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case documenting a synchronous multicentric non medullary thyroid carcinomas and intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma. Conclusions Our experience was reported and literature review underlining challenging difficulties in diagnostic workup and surgical management was carried out.

scholarly journals Well-differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma of Childhood and Adolescence- A Long Term Experience at a Single Institute

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Faria Nasreen ◽  
Nurun Nahar ◽  
Sadia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
One Year

<p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> Thyroid carcinoma is rare in childhood and adolescence. The presentation is more advanced in case of children as compared to adults. However, the prognosis for survival in children is reportedly excellent. The aim of the study was to see the outcome of patients with well differentiated thyroid carcinoma during childhood and adolescence treated at a single institute.</p><p><strong><em>Patients and methods:</em></strong> A retrospective study of 61 children and adolescent patients (age ≤18years) with well differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) enrolled in the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Dhaka during the period of  January1986  up to December 2007 was carried out. To allow for a theoretical follow up of at least 5 years the last inclusion year was 2007 and follow up was carried on up to June 2013. All patients were treated by thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine ablation therapy. Whole body scans, Tg, anti Tg Ab and neck ultrasound findings were recorded six months to one year after initial therapy to classify patients into remission, persistent or recurrent disease. Status on last follow up was noted to estimate the survival rate.</p><p><strong><em>Results:</em></strong> A total of 40 patients had papillary carcinoma, 18 had follicular variant of papillary carcinoma (FVPCT) and three had follicular carcinoma. Age range at diagnosis was nine to 18 years with a mean of 15± 2 years. The number of patients ≤10 years were five and &gt; 10 years were 56. There were 12 males and 49 females giving a M: F ratio of about 1:4. Among the 61 patients 30 patients had lymph node metastases and two had both nodal and lung metastases at initial presentation. After one year follow up from the initial radioiodine therapy, 30 patients were in remission and 31 patients had persistent disease. Eventually recurrence occurred in five patients. Three patients died during the whole observation period and all of them were cancer related giving a cancer specific mortality ratio of 0.049%, 95% CI 0 to 0.105%. Cancer specific survival by Kaplan-Meier curve was 98.2%, 98.2% and 66% at 5, 10 and 15 years respectively.</p><p><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> DTC in children and adolescent has a good prognosis in the presence of neck and distant metastases. Awareness of the patient and regular follow up with life long surveillance is essential to obtain a favorable outcome.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 20(2): 99-104, July 2017</p>

scholarly journals Follicular carcinoma thyroid presenting as skull metastasis: a rare case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Manju P. Antony ◽  
Meer M. Chisthi ◽  
Tessy P. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Lytic Lesion ◽  
Thyroid Malignancy ◽  
Skull Bone ◽  
Papillary Cancer ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
Thyroid Swelling ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancers ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma Thyroid

<p class="abstract"><span lang="EN-US">Follicular cancer is the second commonest form of differentiated thyroid malignancy. Unlike papillary cancer which has a predilection for lymph node metastases, it spreads more often by the hematological route. Even when they have spread to various organs, differentiated thyroid cancers have excellent prognosis if they can be resected completely. One of the presentation of metastases from follicular cancer is with pulsatile skull metastases. Here, we are reporting the clinical details of an elderly lady who presented with a swelling in the skull of 1 month duration. She had an otherwise asymptomatic thyroid swelling of 18 years duration also. Radiology revealed a lytic lesion on the skull. Cytological confirmation was done to diagnose follicular cancer with skull bone metastasis. After total thyroidectomy surgery, she was sent for radio-active iodine ablation and levothyroxine suppression. We are presenting this case as it is not a common form of presentation of this disease.</span></p>

scholarly journals Pattern of metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Nanda Kishore Sinha ◽  
Md Monjurul Alam ◽  
Dewan Golam Md Akaiduzzaman ◽  
M Alauddin
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Node Metastasis

Total 60 patients were selected as per described criteria from the department of Otolaryngology and head neck surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from January 2005 to October 2006. In this study of 60 patients of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), majority of the patients are within 31-50 yrs age group with female predominance. Papillary carcinoma was more common in 31-40 yrs age group and follicular carcinoma was more common in 41-50 years. Thyroid swelling was the most common presenting symptom of DTC (91.66%), followed by cervical lymphadenopathy (33.33%). Among the 60 DTC patients, papillary carcinoma was commoner (73.33%) than follicular carcinoma (26.67%). Overall female-male ratio for these 60 patients of DTC was 1.72: 1, but in papillary type the ratio was 1.44:1. and for follicular carcinoma was 3:1. Out of 44 papillary carcinoma patients 18 patients had cervical lymph node metastasis (40.90%), and out of 16 follicular carcinoma patients 2 had cervical lymph node metastasis (12.50%); P < 0.05. Among the 44 papillary carcinoma patients only 1 had distant metastasis (2.27%), and among the 16 follicular carcinoma patients 4 had distant metastasis (25%); P <0.05. 85% of the patients were presented with unilateral and 15% were presented with bilateral lymph node metastasis. In this series, distant metastasis was found in bone and lung, Maximum lymph node metastasis was found in level II (42.10%), level III (57.89%) and level IV (42.10%). Finally the Chi-square (x2) significance test was performed according to above described findings and it was found that there is significant difference in the pattern of lymph node metastasis and of distant metastasis between papillary and follicular type of DTC (P<0.05). Key words: Thyroid carcinoma; Metastasis. DOI: 10.3329/bjo.v15i2.5059 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2009; 15(2): 60-68

scholarly journals Atypical Presentation as Unilateral Renal and Soft Tissue Metastases from Follicular Carcinoma Thyroid

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-186
Author(s):  
S Kumar ◽  
Ambikavathy Mohan ◽  
Udaya Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
Follicular Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma Thyroid

ABSTRACT Thyroid carcinoma comprises 1% of all malignancies. Follicular thyroid carcinoma is the second most common cancer of thyroid. Vascular invasion and hematogenous metastases to bone, lungs, brain, skin and adrenal glands has a reported incidence of 11 to 25%. The initial presentation of the patient with distant metastases is rare. Well-differentiated thyroid cancers with renal secondaries are reported in limited number of cases so far. W e report a case of an asymptomatic female patient who presented to us with soft tissue metastases to scalp, left sc apular regio n an d left k idn ey. On furth er evalu atin g, ultrasound of the neck showed a solitary nodule of 2 × 1 cm in the left lobe of thyroid. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid reported as follicular carcinoma. FNAC of scalp, scapular swelling, and left kidney lesion was reported as metastatic lesions from follicular thyroid cancer. The patient refused any surgical intervention and she received three cycles of chemotherapy and suppressive treatment with L-thyroxine. She is on regular follow-up with the stable disease till date. We present this case for its rarity of renal metastases from follicular thyroid cancer. How to cite this article Mohan A, Kumar S, Kumar U. Atypical Presentation as Unilateral Renal and Soft Tissue Metastases from Follicular Carcinoma Thyroid. Int J Head and Neck Surg 2012;3(3):184-186.

scholarly journals Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in an autonomously functioning nodule

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ulisses M. Calegaro ◽  
Maria Stella Oliveira Dias ◽  
Sung Hoon Bae ◽  
Sioeme da Silva Moraes ◽  
Enio de Freitas Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Central Nucleus ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Thyroid Uptake ◽  
Partial Suppression ◽  
Well Differentiated

The association of differentiated thyroid cancer and a functioning nodule is very low. We report on a case of papillary carcinoma in an autonomously functioning thyroid nodule in a 39 year-old female patient. The nodule extended to the whole right lobe and 131I scintigraphy has detected a ''hot'' nodule and a partial suppression of131I uptake in the left lobe. Serum TSH levels (RIA) were undetectable (<1.0µUI/mL), but total T3 (190ng/dL) and T4 (8.5µg/dL) were normal. The patient underwent a partial thyroidectomy and an adenomatous nodule was found with a small central nucleus (7mm) hosting a papillary carcinoma. Whole body scans detected only residual thyroid uptake and the patient was subsequently treated with 100mCi of 131I. The patient has been on replacement therapy with 150µg of L-thyroxine and free of tumor recurrence for 12 years after surgery. In conclusion: the present report confirms other published cases in which the presence of a ''hot'' thyroid nodule does not exclude the concomitance of a well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

scholarly journals Does undetectable basal Tg measured with a highly sensitive assay in the absence of antibodies and combined with normal ultrasonography ensure the absence of disease in patients treated for thyroid carcinoma?

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Weslley Rosário ◽  
Augusto Flávio Campos Mineiro Filho
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sensitive Assay ◽  
Remnant Ablation ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
Well Differentiated

It has been proposed that, in patients treated for well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma, undetectable basal thyroglobulin (Tg) levels measured with a highly sensitive assay in the absence of anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) and combined with negative neck ultrasonography (US) ensured the absence of disease. We report a series of five patients with well-differentiated (papillary) carcinoma submitted to total thyroidectomy with apparently complete tumor resection, followed by remnant ablation with 131I (100-150 mCi), who had no distant metastases upon initial post-therapy whole-body scanning. When tumor recurrence or persistence was detected, these patients presented undetectable basal Tg (0.1 ng/mL) in the absence of TgAb, and US showed no anomalies. Two patients had lymph node metastases, one had mediastinal metastases, bone involvement was observed in one patient, and local recurrence in one. We conclude that further studies are needed to define in which patients undetectable basal Tg (negative TgAb) combined with negative US is sufficient, and no additional tests are required.

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