scholarly journals What\'s New in Pediatric Infections?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-172
Author(s):  
Vikram S Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Infections

Antibiotic Options for Treatment of Pediatric Infections with Enterobacteriaceae Producing Broad Spectrum Beta-Lactamases

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Xuan Qin ◽  
Emmanouil Galanakis ◽  
Danielle M. Zerr ◽  
Scott J. Weissman
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Pediatric Infections

scholarly journals IFN-λ4 is associated with increased risk and earlier occurrence of several common infections in African children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson ◽  
Robert D. Morrison ◽  
Adeola Obajemu ◽  
Almahamoudou Mahamar ◽  
Sungduk Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Functional Variants ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pediatric Infections

AbstractGenetic polymorphisms within the IFNL3/IFNL4 genomic region, which encodes type III interferons, have been strongly associated with clearance of hepatitis C virus. We hypothesized that type III interferons might be important for the immune response to other pathogens as well. In a cohort of 914 Malian children, we genotyped functional variants IFNL4-rs368234815, IFNL4-rs117648444, and IFNL3-rs4803217 and analyzed episodes of malaria, gastrointestinal, and respiratory infections recorded at 30,626 clinic visits from birth up to 5 years of age. Compared to children with the rs368234815-TT/TT genotype (IFN-λ4-Null), rs368234815-dG allele was most strongly associated with an earlier time-to-first episode of gastrointestinal infections (p = 0.003). The risk of experiencing an infection episode during the follow-up was also significantly increased with rs368234815-dG allele, with OR = 1.53, 95%CI (1.13–2.07), p = 0.005 for gastrointestinal infections and OR = 1.30, 95%CI (1.02–1.65), p = 0.033 for malaria. All the associations for the moderately linked rs4803217 (r2 = 0.78 in this set) were weaker and lost significance after adjusting for rs368234815. We also analyzed all outcomes in relation to IFN-λ4-P70S groups. Our results implicate IFN-λ4 and not IFN-λ3 as the primary functional cause of genetic associations with increased overall risk and younger age at first clinical episodes but not with recurrence or intensity of several common pediatric infections.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance in Pediatric Infections: Global Emerging Threats, Predicting the Near Future

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Alessandra Romandini ◽  
Arianna Pani ◽  
Paolo Andrea Schenardi ◽  
Giulia Angela Carla Pattarino ◽  
Costantino De Giacomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Pediatric Infections ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Developing System ◽  
Near Future

Antibiotic resistance is a public health threat of the utmost importance, especially when it comes to children: according to WHO data, infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria produce 700,000 deaths across all ages, of which around 200,000 are newborns. This surging issue has multipronged roots that are specific to the pediatric age. For instance, the problematic overuse and misuse of antibiotics (for wrong diagnoses and indications, or at wrong dosage) is also fueled by the lack of pediatric-specific data and trials. The ever-evolving nature of this age group also poses another issue: the partly age-dependent changes of a developing system of cytochromes determine a rather diverse population in terms of biochemical characteristics and pharmacokinetics profiles, hard to easily codify in an age- or weight-dependent dosage. The pediatric population is also penalized by the contraindications of tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, and by congenital malformations which often require repeated hospitalizations and pharmacological and surgical treatments from a very young age. Emerging threats for the pediatric age are MRSA, VRSA, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and the alarming colistin resistance. Urgent actions need to be taken in order to step back from a now likely post-antibiotic era, where simple infections might cause infant death once again.

Pediatric Infections

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-45
Author(s):  
Dianne M. Glover ◽  
Christopher B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Infections

scholarly journals Misidentification of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Other Burkholderia Species From Pediatric Infections in Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Meza-Radilla ◽  
Ausel Mendez-Canarios ◽  
Juan Xicohtencatl-Cortes ◽  
Marcos R Escobedo-Guerra ◽  
Alfredo G Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Burkholderia Species ◽  
Genotypic Analysis ◽  
Pediatric Infections

Abstract Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia cepacia complex are poorly studied in Mexico. The genotypic analysis of 38 strains isolated from children with pneumonia were identified and showed that both Burkholderia groups were present in patients. From our results, it is plausible to suggest that new species are among the analyzed strains.

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