Comparison: Learning How to Do Meaningful Comparison in the Study of Religion

Author(s):  
Eugene V. Gallagher ◽  
Joanne M. Maguire
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Wilk

With the rapid development of many new and varied sources of light in the 19th century—Argand lamps of different designs and which burned various fuels, Carcel lamps, stearin candles, paraffin candles, and spermaceti candles, electric arc lamps, Drummond lamps, incandescent lamps with various filaments, Nernst glowbars, and many others —some method was needed to compare their output. But with the sources varying in spectral content and the angular distribution of the light, how could a meaningful comparison be made? After various fruitless attempts were made to concentrate the light onto a uniform region a surprisingly simple solution was proposed.


1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (73) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Robin S. Turpin

2007 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 1339-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENÉ WITTE ◽  
CHRISTOPHER J. O. BAKER

The development of text analysis systems targeting the extraction of information about mutations from research publications is an emergent topic in biomedical research. Current systems differ in both scope and approach, thus preventing a meaningful comparison of their performance and therefore possible synergies. To overcome this evaluation bottleneck, we developed a comprehensive framework for the systematic analysis of mutation extraction systems, precisely defining tasks and corresponding evaluation metrics, that will allow a comparison of existing and future applications.


2010 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea D. Plunkett ◽  
Lev Y. Yampolsky

We propose an experimental model suitable for demonstrating allele frequency change in Drosophila melanogaster populations caused by selection against an easily scorable conditional lethal, namely recessive flightless alleles such as apterous and vestigial. Homozygotes for these alleles are excluded from reproduction because the food source used to establish each generation is accessible only by flight. The observed dynamics of flightless-allele frequencies generally follows the theoretically predicted pattern, with slight deviation toward less intense selection. We also suggest observing selection against flight-independent visible marker alleles in the same population as a meaningful comparison. The proposed experiments can easily be scheduled within one semester, and the expected data provide ample opportunities for discussion of quantitative evolutionary patterns.


Author(s):  
Maria-Eugenia Iacob ◽  
Piet Boekhoudt ◽  
Freek Ebeling

In this chapter we present an overview of the approach taken by the Dutch government regarding the development of the information society and in particular the diffusion of electronic commerce in small and medium organisations. Our analysis also includes an assessment of the current situation of SMEs with respect to the adoption of electronic commerce and their position with respect to the governmental policies. Furthermore, we refer to active policy implementation instruments (“iMPact” and “ASPect” projects). Finally, the last part of the chapter is devoted to a benchmarking of European e-business policies, so that meaningful comparison of the Dutch initiatives with other similar programs could be achieved.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Susan Nancarrow ◽  
Alan Borthwick

This chapter introduces how the book compares the allied health professions, both as a collective and as individual disciplines, in Australia and the UK. Australia and the UK were chosen as a basis for comparison because the allied health professions have emerged in each jurisdiction from similar philosophies, regulatory structures and training approaches, which allows meaningful comparison. The different funding and system contexts provide a comparative basis to understand the impact of different features on allied health professionalisation. It starts from the position of the similarities between the allied health contexts in both countries. Politically, neo-liberalism has been influential in driving the healthcare funding models and accountabilities in both nations, though different healthcare funding systems have facilitated varied flexibilities within the allied health workforces in each context. The modern allied health professions were heavily shaped by the formal organisation of labour that emerged within the colonies of the British Empire as a result of the Industrial Revolution. This book is largely focused on the way in which the allied health professions have emerged and developed within a Western context.


2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Briot ◽  
Ilian A. Bonev

It is widely claimed that parallel robots are intrinsically more accurate than serial robots because their errors are averaged instead of added cumulatively, an assertion which has not been properly addressed in the literature. This paper addresses this void by comparing the kinematic accuracy of two pairs of serial-parallel 2-DOF planar robots. Only input errors are considered and all robots are optimized for accuracy, the only constraint being that they cover a given desired workspace. The results of this comparison seem to confirm that parallel robots are less sensitive to input errors than serial robots. However, this comparison is too limited to draw any general conclusions. Besides, it is virtually impossible to make a meaningful comparison between other pairs of serial and parallel robot. Therefore, there is no simple answer to this question of superiority.


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