scholarly journals Checklist of the native tree flora of Algeria: diversity, distribution, and conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-418
Author(s):  
Rachid Meddour ◽  
Ouahiba Sahar ◽  
Frédéric Médail
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
National Level ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
Native Tree

Background and aims – Trees represent an important component of many ecosystems of the world. The knowledge of their diversity and geographic distribution is of great theoretical and practical importance. This paper aims to provide the first comprehensive checklist of native tree taxa in Algeria. Material and methods – The checklist was based on the analysis of published data and has been improved with own field observations. Statistical analysis has been performed on the taxonomic richness, life forms, and chorological spectra in terms of diversity, endemism, habitats, and distribution of the tree flora in Algeria. The conservation status following IUCN and the protection status at national level have been presented.Key results – The checklist comprises 120 native tree taxa currently known in Algeria, including 106 species, one hybrid species, and 13 subspecies, belonging to 63 genera and 35 families. The four most species-rich families are Rosaceae (13 spp.), Fabaceae (12 spp.), Salicaceae (9 spp.), and Tamaricaceae (9 spp.). The richest genus is Tamarix (9 spp.), followed by Quercus (7 taxa in 6 spp.). We found that trees are more often single-stemmed (45%), and are small or medium-sized. Mediterranean element is dominant (46%), followed by Saharo-arabic (17%), wide distribution element (15%), and European elements (12%). Furthermore, 11% of all tree taxa are endemics or subendemics. The highest number of taxa (71%) is found in the Tellian area, whereas the lowest number (36%) occurs in the Saharan area. Only nine taxa are considered to be threatened or near threatened, while 36 taxa are yet not assessed. This analysis highlights 33 taxa with patrimonial value, both endemics and range-restricted. Out of these taxa, only 18 are protected by national legislation. Conclusion – This work shows that a relatively rich tree flora is found in Algeria. It aims to be used as a tool for managing tree species diversity. Some of the tree taxa need appropriate measures for their in situ conservation, a challenging but worth pursuing target.

scholarly journals Distribution and conservation status of the Critically Endangered Scrophularia takesimensis, a plant endemic to Ulleung Island, Republic of Korea

Oryx ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeok Jae Choi ◽  
Hyun Do Jang ◽  
Yuji Isagi ◽  
Byoung Un Oh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Seaward Side ◽  
Ulleung Island ◽  
Special Protection

AbstractScrophularia takesimensis Nakai is a Critically Endangered plant species endemic to Ulleung Island, Republic of Korea. We provide updated information on the distribution and conservation status of this species. We located 39 subpopulations and counted a total of 443 individuals, including some reintroduced. Observations of dried and broken branches, with fruits, of S. takesimensis along the coast may indicate dispersal by sea. The construction of coastal roads is the main threat to the species. To conserve this species more effectively we recommend that: (1) the two habitats identified as a priority for conservation should be afforded special protection, (2) habitats to the seaward side of coastal roads are more suitable than habitat on the landward side for in situ conservation, and (3) the presently known subpopulations require continuous protection and monitoring.

scholarly journals CROP WILD RELATIVES OF KALININGRAD PROVINCE RECOMMENDED FOR IN SITU CONSERVATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Shipilina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Vulnerable Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Herbarium Collections

Background. Preservation of the entire genetic diversity of the world’s flora is indispensable to the deployment of breeding practice aimed at development and improvement of the existing economically useful plant species and varieties. The in situ conservation approach is recognized as the topmost priority. Therefore, a study of crop wild relatives (CWR) in Kaliningrad Province appears vital to identify the most vulnerable species and enhance their in situ conservation.Materials and methods. Crop wild relatives occurring in Kaliningrad Province were the research target. The WIR and LE herbarium collections, published data, and results of VIR’s plant explorations undertaken in 1974 and 1983 served as the material for the research. Plant species included in the Red Data Books of Kaliningrad Province, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, etc. were analyzed, and the data from open databases (GBIF, CWR, ILDIS, etc.) and AgroAtlas maps were employed. CWR requiring special conservation measures were identified.Results and conclusions. Kaliningrad Province, Russia, is home to 324 species of CWR. Natural habitats of the 6 most vulnerable plant species were mapped: Vicia dumetorum L., Trifolium rubens L., Chrisaspis spadiceum L., Elytrigia juncea (L.) Nevski, Phleum phleoides (L.) H. Karst., and Allium vineale L. These species fall under the 1st vulnerability category.

scholarly journals Conservation and behavior of Africa’s “Big Five”

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Caro ◽  
Jason Riggio
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
African Species ◽  
In The Wild

Abstract We examine the conservation status of Africa’s “Big Five”: lion, leopard, buffalo, black and white rhinoceros and elephant, and the role of behavioral knowledge in their conservation. Efforts to conserve these flagship species consist of in situ conservation, captive breeding and reintroductions. With a few exceptions, we find limited evidence that knowledge of behavior informs conservation programs targeted at these species. For management in the wild, knowledge of infanticide and ranging can provide guidelines for realistic hunting quotas and corridors between protected areas, respectively. For ex situ and reintroduction programs, behavioral knowledge is chiefly focused on improved animal husbandry. Despite a formidable understanding of these species’ behavior, the practicalities of using such knowledge may be diminished because exploitation of these species is so forceful and the bulk of efforts aimed at conserving these species (and indeed most other African species) are primarily in situ where behaviorally driven interventions are limited. Our comparative findings suggest that behavior has been of rather narrow use in the conservation of these flagship species [Current Zoology 60 (4): 486–499, 2014].

scholarly journals Is legal protection sufficient to ensure plant conservation? The Italian Red List of policy species as a case study

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziano Rossi ◽  
Simone Orsenigo ◽  
Chiara Montagnani ◽  
Giuseppe Fenu ◽  
Domenico Gargano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
National Level ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Bern Convention

AbstractThe conservation of species listed in the Bern Convention and European Directive 1992/43/EEC (so-called policy species) is mandatory for European Union (EU) countries. We assessed the conservation status of Italian policy species, based on the IUCN categories and criteria, to evaluate the effectiveness of existing protection measures at the national level. Among the 203 vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens evaluated, 41.9% are categorized as threatened, and one is already extinct, indicating that the protection measures for policy species are inadequate. Our results for the Italian policy species are consistent with those of an assessment at the EU level. Conservation priorities should be established at both the national and regional scales. An effective conservation strategy is needed, and in situ and ex situ actions focused on threatened species should be promoted.

scholarly journals The importance of in-situ conservation area in mining concession in preserving diversity, threatened and potential floras in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABBAN PUTRI FIQA ◽  
FAUZIAH FAUZIAH ◽  
DEWI AYU LESTARI ◽  
SUGENG BUDIHARTA
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Mining Operation ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
East Kalimantan

Fiqa AP, Fauziah, Lestari DA, Budiharta S. 2019. The importance of in-situ conservation area in mining concession in preserving diversity, threatened and potential floras in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 198-210. East Kalimantan is the most well-known province in Indonesia with high natural resources, particularly from the mining sector. While delivering benefits for economic development, coal mining operation negatively affects biodiversity. Effort to mitigate impacts on biodiversity is by establishing an in-situ conservation area inside the coal mining area. This area is preserved in the form of arboretum from existing natural forests. The aim of this research is to identify the importance of conservation area in a mining concession in East Kalimantan regarding its plants’ diversity, conservation status, and utilization. The research was conducted by doing vegetation analysis and inventorying plant biodiversity inside the in-situ conservation area by using plot samples. The result showed that the in-situ conservation area protects at least 142 species with a high level of biodiversity on all vegetation phases, indicated by Shannon Wiener diversity indices in which all phase have an index higher than 3. It protects 22 species listed in IUCN Red List of threatened species and contains at least 90 potential plants utilized by traditional Dayak people in their daily life. This study highlights that the conservation area is an important part in mining management to protect biodiversity, and suggest that in-situ conservation area should be preserved by every mining concession.

Cotton Genetic Resources in the Western States of Mexico: In situ Conservation Status and Germplasm Collection for ex situ Preservation

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Ulloa ◽  
James McD. Stewart ◽  
Enrique A. Garcia-C. ◽  
Salvador Godoy-A. ◽  
Arturo Gaytan-M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Ex Situ

scholarly journals Patterns of Genetic Diversity and Implications for In Situ Conservation of Wild Celery (Apium graveolens L. ssp. graveolens)

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lothar Frese ◽  
Maria Bönisch ◽  
Marion Nachtigall ◽  
Uta Schirmak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Genetic Reserve

In Germany, the wild ancestor (Apium graveolens L. ssp. graveolens) of celery and celeriac is threatened by genetic erosion. Seventy-eight potentially suitable genetic reserve sites representing differing ecogeographic units were assessed with regard to the conservation status of the populations. At 27 of the 78 sites, 30 individual plants were sampled and genetically analyzed with 16 polymorphic microsatellite makers. The Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC) was applied to identify clusters of genetically similar individuals. In most cases (25 out of 27 occurrences) individuals clustered into groups according to their sampling site. Next to three clearly separated occurrences (AgG, AgUW, AgFEH) two large groups of inland and Baltic Sea coast occurrences, respectively, were recognized. Occurrences from the coastal part of the distribution area were interspersed into the group of inland occurrences and vice versa. The genetic distribution pattern is therefore complex. The complementary compositional genetic differentiation Δj was calculated to identify the Most Appropriate Wild Populations (MAWP) for the establishment of genetic reserves. Altogether 15 sites are recommended to form a genetic reserve network. This organisational structure appears suitable for promoting the in situ conservation of intraspecific genetic diversity and the species’ adaptability. As seed samples of each MAWP will be stored in a genebank, the network would likewise contribute to the long-term ex situ conservation of genetic resources for plant breeding.

scholarly journals Development of a Methodology for Maintenance of Medicinal Plant Genetic Reserve Sites: A Case Study for Lithuania

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Juozas Labokas ◽  
Birutė Karpavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
National Level ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Genetic Reserve

In the context of climate change, in situ conservation of plant genetic resources is becoming increasingly important as it supports natural (ecological and evolutionary) adaptations of plants to the changing environment. The aim of this study was to synthesize a comprehensive general methodology for the maintenance of genetic reserve sites of medicinal plants based on the analysis of relevant legal documents, literature sources, databases, and authors’ own experience. A methodology was developed for the application of various maintenance measures for target species populations in genetic reserve sites to ensure their long-term sustainability. It uses a systematic approach to the intervention measures by grouping them into habitat-specific and factor-specific ones, and follows the specific principles of biodiversity conservation, such as the concept of ecosystem, priority of in situ conservation, caution and validity of decision-making, and regional approach. An extensive discussion on major intervention measures is provided. The methodology is intended to be used as a tool for the preparation and implementation of management plans of individual medicinal plant genetic reserve sites by the responsible agencies and protected area managers and is directly linked to the implementation of the EU (European Union) Biodiversity Strategy to 2030 at the national level.

Updating and assessing plant endemism in Egypt

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-258
Author(s):  
MOHAMED M. EL-KHALAFY ◽  
KAMAL H. SHALTOUT ◽  
DALIA A. AHMED
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Data Deficient ◽  
Plant Endemism

This study aimed to update and assess the list of endemic plants in the Egyptian flora, based on information obtained during field trips, literature reviews, and herbaria consultations. Life forms, habitat, national distribution, rarity forms, local threats, and conservation status according to IUCN categories, were estimated for these plants. Twenty field visits were conducted from summer 2015 to spring 2020 to many locations all over Egypt. The recent list includes 42 species (belonging to 37 genera and 20 families inhabiting 10 main habitats). Rocky surfaces and sandy formations have the highest number of endemic species, most of them are therophytes. Sinaitico-Arabian sector is the richest in endemics (19 taxa), followed by the Marioutico-Arishian (17 taxa). Small geographic range-small habitat-non-abundant plants are the most represented rarity form. All endemics are exposed to at least one type of local threat, the most prominent threats being over-collecting and over-cutting. According to the guidelines of IUCN, 31 of the endemic taxa are threatened, thus requiring in situ and ex situ conservation. Out of them, 11 taxa are believed to be Extinct, five are Critically Endangered, and 15 Endangered. In addition, 11 taxa are evaluated as Data Deficient. Further studies are still needed to verify and fill the information gaps about the Egyptian endemics.

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