Introducing a novel chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma: Silver nanoparticles green-formulated by Matricaria chamomilla
IntroductionIn the present research, we formulated a modern chemotherapeutic drug by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) containing Matricaria chamomilla aqueous extract for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Material and methodsCharacterization of AgNPs was done by UV–Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE‐SEM). For investigating the antioxidant properties of AgNO3, M. chamomilla, and AgNPs, the DPPH test was used in the presence of butylated hydroxytoluene as the positive control. To survey the cytotoxicity and anti-oral squamous cell carcinoma effects of AgNO3, M. chamomilla, and AgNPs, MTT assay was used on the HSC-4, Ca9-22, and HSC-3 cell lines. ResultsDPPH test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for M. chamomilla, AgNPs, and butylated hydroxytoluene. Silver nanoparticles had very low cell viability and anti-oral squamous cell carcinoma properties dose-dependently against HSC-4, Ca9-22, and HSC-3 cell lines without any cytotoxicity on the normal cell line. The best result of anti-oral squamous cell carcinoma properties of AgNPs against the above cell lines was seen in the case of the HSC-3 cell line. ConclusionsAccording to the above findings, the silver nanoparticles containing M. chamomilla aqueous extract can be administrated in humans for the treatment of several types of oral squamous cell carcinoma.