Duplex ultrasound for evaluation of deep venous blood flow in fractured lower extremities

The aim of the work was to assess the structural and functional parameters of the superficial veins of the lower extremities in men with arterial hypertension. A comparative analysis of the results of the angioscanning of the superficial veins of the lower extremities between 60 men with arterial hypertension and 27 men with normal blood pressure at the age of 30–50 years was performed. In hypertension, an increased rate of venous blood flow and signs of chronic vein diseases are recorded — an increased diameter and area of the lumen of the veins; abnormal venous reflux marked in 10 % of men; in 3 % — varicose veins and thrombotic masses, signs of postrombotic lesion of the superficial veins.Conclusion. For men with hypertension aged 30–50 years, there is an increased rate of venous blood flow and signs of chronic venous disease of the lower extremities: chronic venous insufficiency, varicose and postrombotic venous disease, which must be considered when stratifying cardiovascular risks and treating hypertension.

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Effect of Nordic Walking and Water Aerobics Training on Body Composition and the Blood Flow in Lower Extremities in Elderly Women

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.1515/hukin-2015-0012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 113-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ryszard Jasiński ◽

Małgorzata Socha ◽

Ludmiła Sitko ◽

Katarzyna Kubicka ◽

Marek Woźniewski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Lower Extremities ◽

The Body ◽

Venous Blood Flow ◽

Nordic Walking ◽

The Right

Abstract Nordic walking and water aerobics are very popular forms of physical activity in the elderly population. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of regular health training on the venous blood flow in lower extremities and body composition in women over 50 years old. Twenty-four women of mean age 57.9 (± 3.43) years, randomly divided into three groups (Nordic walking, water aerobics, and non-training), participated in the study. The training lasted 8 weeks, with one-hour sessions twice a week. Dietary habits were not changed. Before and after training vein refilling time and the function of the venous pump of the lower extremities were measured by photoplethysmography. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance. Eight weeks of Nordic walking training improved the venous blood flow in lower extremities and normalized body composition in the direction of reducing chronic venous disorder risk factors. The average values of the refilling time variable (p = 0.04, p = 0.02, respectively) decreased in both the right and the left leg. After training a statistically significant increase in the venous pump function index was found only in the right leg (p = 0.04). A significant increase in fat-free mass, body cell mass and total body water was observed (p = 0.01), whereas body mass, the body mass index, and body fat decreased (p < 0.03). With regard to water aerobic training, no similar changes in the functions of the venous system or body composition were observed.

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A Score of Run-Off (Outflow) Resistance in Lesions Femoropopliteal Arteries Using MSCT Angiography

Medical Visualization ◽

10.24835/1607-0763-2017-2-90-102 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 90-102

Author(s):

A. L. Maslov ◽

A. E. Zotikov

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Lower Extremities ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Venous Blood Flow ◽

Critical Ischemia ◽

Type D ◽

Msct Angiography

Despite the ongoing treatment, in 10–20% of patients with obliterating diseases of the arteries of the lower limbs, the progression of the disease leads to amputation, with mortality rates being up to 50%.The aim: to determine the effectiveness of MSCT angiography in patients with type-D femoral-popliteal arteries according to TASC II with critical ischemia of the lower extremities and poor condition of outflow tracts for performing arterialization of venous blood flow and / or superimposition of arteriovenous fistula.Material and methods. 145 MSCT angiographic studies were performed for patients with arterial diseases of the lower extremities performed in “RAMSAY Diagnostics Rus”Moscow. For the analysis, 53 (37% of the total) of the patient with lesions of the femoropopliteal segment of Type D according to TASC II were selected. The analysis of the state of the arterial outflow pathways was carried out according to the modified Rutherford classification, where each artery of the shin was maximally assigned 3 points depending on the degree of stenosis, the blood flow resistance was estimated as 0 points – the absence of stenosis or stenosis less than 20%, 1 point stenosis 20–49% 2 points stenosis 50–99%, 3 points – occlusion.Results. The degree of resistance of arteries of outflow tracts of 39 limbs (16 right and 23 left) was calculated in 53 patients: 10 points in 23.7% of cases; 9 points in 5.1%; 8 points – 2.5%; 7 points 18%, 6 points in 5%; 5 points 2.5%; 4 points 15.4%; 3 points 7.7%; 2 points 0; 1 point 20.5%. In patients with poor arterial outflow, with a score greater than 7, there is a high risk of early thrombosis of the prosthesis, so such patients undergo an operation with the formation of an unloading arteriovenous fistula.Conclusion. MSCT angiography of the arteries of the lower extremities is an effective method for determining the severity of arterial damage with an accurate definition of the level, extent, prevalence with the possibility of using different classifications, including TASC II and theRutherford classification. It can be used as a screening, expert method in patients with arterial diseases of the lower extremities, may be an alternative to direct angiography, used to assess patients in the postoperative period.Key words: peripheral arterial disease, outflow score, ball classification of outflow tracts, runoff score, computed tomography, angiography.

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A Comparison of the Effects of Electrical Calf Muscle Stimulation and the Venous Foot Pump on Venous Blood Flow in the Lower Leg

Phlebology The Journal of Venous Disease ◽

10.1177/026835559000500411 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 285-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

M. D. Laverick ◽

R. C. McGivern ◽

M. D. Crone ◽

R. A. B. Mollan

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Duplex Ultrasound ◽

Lower Leg ◽

Calf Muscle ◽

Muscle Stimulation ◽

Venous Blood Flow ◽

Similar Magnitude ◽

Ultrasound Scanning ◽

Venous Sinuses

The pattern of popliteal blood flow following electrical calf muscle stimulation and activation of the venous foot pump were studied using duplex ultrasound scanning in volunteers. The increase in velocity was of a similar magnitude for both methods, but the pattern was different, suggesting that the venous foot pump may not empty the soleal venous sinuses. Dynamic venography confirmed this hypothesis.

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Review of the plethysmographic methods for studying hemodynamic disorders in patients with chronic lower extremites venous diseases

Ambulatory surgery hospital-replacing technologies ◽

10.21518/1995-1477-2020-1-2-58-70 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 58-70

Author(s):

A. B. Sannikov ◽

V. M. Emelyanenko ◽

I. V. Drozdova

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽

Venous Insufficiency ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Lower Extremities ◽

Venous Blood Flow ◽

Residual Volume ◽

Venous Outflow ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Venous Diseases

Plethysmography as a method for studying peripheral circulatory system was first proposed by wletney in 1953. In Russia, the first most significant research studies on the feasibility of plethysmography in studying peripheral blood flow and circulatory physiology taken together were conducted at the St. Petersburg Pavlov Institute of Physiology in 1961. From this time onwards, the possibilities of plethysmography as a non-invasive objective method for the diagnosis of hemodynamic disorders, particularly in arterial pathology, were studied intensively. These parameters were not determined for the venous blood flow, but in 1980s the authors were able to establish plethysmographic criteria not only for various forms of venous pathology, but also for degrees of chronic venous insufficiency using a device significantly improved by V.N. Pavlov and V.E. Maslov.The purpose of this publication is to analyze the literature data on the use of aerial plethysmography and photoplethysmography in the study of hemodynamic disorders in patients with chronic diseases of the veins of the lower extremities. At present, in order to assess the venous blood flow in condition of air plethysmography, indicators of functional venous volume (VV), maximum venous outflow (MVO), venous filling index (VFI), evacuation volume (EV) and residual volume (RV), as well as an integral indicator – residual volume fraction (RVF) are determined in the world. A venous reflux test (VRT) is performed as part of photoplethysmography. The data published today show the high statistical reliability of the comparative analysis and the great scientific significance of the research. According to many foreign authors the use of plethysmographic methods of diagnosis allow to assess violations of venous blood flow in patients with chronic venous diseases of various clinical classes according to CEAP more precisely and to give a global assessment of disorders of the venous outflow from thrombotic occlusion of segmental to hypervolemia in patients with varicose veins in different forms of manifestations of chronic venous insufficiency. The analysis of the literature data allows to make a conclusion about the prospects of further research using these non-invasive methods of evaluation of venous blood flow in the lower extremities.

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