scholarly journals Features of structural and functional parameters of superficial veins of lower extremities in men with arterial hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
T. F. Vagapov ◽  
V. M. Baev ◽  
L. N. Druzhina ◽  
C. V. Letyagina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Functional Parameters

The aim of the work was to assess the structural and functional parameters of the superficial veins of the lower extremities in men with arterial hypertension. A comparative analysis of the results of the angioscanning of the superficial veins of the lower extremities between 60 men with arterial hypertension and 27 men with normal blood pressure at the age of 30–50 years was performed. In hypertension, an increased rate of venous blood flow and signs of chronic vein diseases are recorded — an increased diameter and area of the lumen of the veins; abnormal venous reflux marked in 10 % of men; in 3 % — varicose veins and thrombotic masses, signs of postrombotic lesion of the superficial veins.Conclusion. For men with hypertension aged 30–50 years, there is an increased rate of venous blood flow and signs of chronic venous disease of the lower extremities: chronic venous insufficiency, varicose and postrombotic venous disease, which must be considered when stratifying cardiovascular risks and treating hypertension.

The use of ultrasound in the evaluation of the efficacy of calf muscle pump function in primary chronic venous disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S S Crisóstomo ◽  
M S Candeias ◽  
P A S Armada-Da-Siva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Muscle Fascicle ◽  
Calf Muscles

Objectives To evaluate popliteal vein blood flow during calf muscle contraction in chronic venous disease (CVD) patients and healthy controls using ultrasound imaging and to investigate the relationship between venous blood flow and gastrocnemius muscle (GM) morphology. Methods Thirty-one subjects participated in this study (mean age: 40.3 [11.8] years), 15 healthy controls and 16 with CVD (clinical classification: C1–4). Popliteal vein cross-sectional area and venous blood flow velocity (FV) were evaluated by Doppler ultrasound at baseline and during three sets of 10 tip-toe movement repetitions. Muscle thickness, muscle fascicle length and pennation angle of both medial and lateral GM were measured by ultrasound. Measures were repeated a week later in 17 participants in order to assess reproducibility with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Results Peak FV was lower in CDV group compared with Control group for both first (40.6 [11.8] versus 62.4 (22.1) cm2/second; P = 0.021) and last (30.4 [9.1] versus 49.5 (22.7) cm2/second; P = 0.024) contraction. In CVD group, peak FV during first contraction increased with GM's muscle fascicle length ( r = 0.63; P = 0.041). Popliteal FV also increased with rising range of muscle fascicles pennation change between ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion ( r = 0.70; P = 0.025). No associations were found between haemodynamics and medial or lateral GM thickness. Calf muscular architecture was similar in both CVD and control participants. Test–retest reliability of FV measured in the same session was high (ICC≈0.70) for measures taken in the first contraction of the set but lowered when using the last contraction (ICC <0.50). Reproducibility of ultrasound evaluation of calf pump is acceptable within the same session but is unsatisfactory when testing in separate days. Conclusion Patients with moderate CVD have lower FV during calf muscles contraction but similar muscle anatomical characteristics compared with healthy controls. Changes in calf muscles flexibility and fatigue resistance may be investigated as possible causes of calf pump dysfunction.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic effects of combined antihypertensive therapy during exercise in men with arterial hypertension and chronic venous diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
S. V. Letyagina ◽  
V. M. Baev ◽  
T. Y. Agafonova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Venous Dilatation ◽  
Venous Diseases

Introduction. Currently, there is insufficient data on the effect of modern antihypertensive therapy (AHT) on venous circulation, especially during physiological stress.Aim of the study – the investigation was to study the hemodynamic effects of a combination of a calcium channel blocker (CCB) and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor during exercise in men with arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic venous diseases (CVD).Material and methods. In 46 men 30–50 years old with AH on the background of AHT, a comparative assessment of the dynamics of SBP, DBP, peripheral venous pressure (PVP), ultrasound parameters of venous blood flow of the left leg in response to physical activity (Ruffier’s test) was performed. The parameters were assessed in 23 patients with hypertension without CVD and 23 patients with hypertension and CVD. We studied the reaction before and after 14 days of combined AHT with the use of CCB (Amlodipine) and an ACE inhibitor (Lisinopril).Results. Before treatment, the response to exercise in patients of both groups was the same and was manifested by a twofold increase in the area of the lumen of the veins and a drop in blood flow velocity. Patients with CVD before treatment with exercise were characterized by an altered systemic hemodynamic response, more frequent cases of venous dilatation and decreased blood flow velocity. After AHT with exercise, both groups showed normalization and identity of SBP. DBP, PVP, a decrease in the severity of venous dilatation and a decrease in blood flow velocity. Patients with CVD after AHT in response to exercise are characterized by more pronounced venous dilatation and higher blood flow velocity.Conclusion. After 14  days of  antihypertensive therapy in  patients with hypertension without chronic venous disease and in patients with hypertension and chronic venous disease during exercise normalization of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, PVP, a decrease in venous dilatation and a decrease in blood flow velocity are noted. Patients with CVD after AHT under load are characterized by varicose veins and accelerated venous blood flow.

The method for determining the degree of venous pathology depending on the index of erythrocytes deformability

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
L. N. Komarova ◽  
◽  
K. U. Nabiyeva ◽  
M. A. Kisileva ◽  
N. V. Bruvskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Deformability Of Erythrocytes

Aim. To study the ability of erythrocytes to deformability in patients with chronic diseases of the veins of the lower extremities. Materials and methods. From March to July 2019, we conducted a study of the deformability of erythrocytes in 271 railway workers using the method of laser diffractometry. The study of blood samples was carried out at the Department of Human and Animal Anatomy and Physiology of the Institute of Biology. At the same time, there were 182 people with varicose veins of the lower extremities, which was confirmed by the data of ultrasound angioscanning of the veins. Results. Studying the deformability of red blood cells of venous blood in patients with chronic venous disease of the lower extremities, we have identified certain patterns. With the increase in the clinical stage (form) of the disease of varicose veins of the lower extremities, the deformability of erythrocytes decreases, the deterioration of blood parameters is determined, which is confirmed by the data of a small coagulogram and a general blood test. The deformability index in the range from 0.12 to 0.42 indicates a violation of venous outflow in the subcutaneous venous system of the lower extremities, the deformability index from 0.42 and above indicates the presence of a thrombotic process in the deep veins of the lower extremities. Conclusion. With an increase in the erythrocyte deformability index, venous insufficiency increases, and venous outflow worsens. The higher the severity of the disease (clinical form C4-6), the lower the deformability of erythrocytes. In patients with VBLK, as the disease progresses, there is a decrease in the deformability of erythrocytes (i. e., in patients with the clinical form according to CEAP C2-3, the deformability is higher than in C3-4; in patients with C3-4, it is higher than in С4-5 … etc.).

scholarly journals Changes in lower extremity blood flow during advancing phases of pregnancy and the effects of special footwear

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Gimunová ◽  
Martin Zvonař ◽  
Kateřina Kolářová ◽  
Zdeněk Janík ◽  
Ondřej Mikeska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Popliteal Vein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background During pregnancy, a number of changes affecting venous blood flow occur in the circulatory system, such as reduced vein wall tension or increased exposure to collagen fibers. These factors may cause blood stagnation, swelling of the legs, or endothelial damage and consequently lead to development of venous disease. Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of special footwear designed to improve blood circulation in the feet on venous blood flow changes observed during advancing phases of pregnancy. Methods Thirty healthy pregnant women participated in this study at 25, 30, and 35 weeks of gestation. Participants were allocated at random to an experimental group (n = 15) which was provided with the special footwear, or a control group (n = 15). At each data collection session, Doppler measurements of peak systolic blood flow velocity and cross-sectional area of the right popliteal vein were performed using a MySonoU6 ultrasound machine with a linear transducer (Samsung Medison). The differences were compared using Cohen’s d test to calculate effect size. Results With advancing phases of pregnancy, peak systolic velocity in the popliteal vein decreased significantly in the control group, whereas it increased significantly in the experimental group. No significant change in cross-sectional area was observed in any of the groups. Conclusions Findings in the experimental group demonstrated that wearing the footwear tested may prevent venous blood velocity from reducing during advanced phases of pregnancy. Nevertheless, there is a need for further investigation of the beneficial effect on venous flow of the footwear tested and its application.

scholarly journals Relapse of varicose veins of lower extremities

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-185
Author(s):  
Galina Viktorovna Yarovenko ◽  
Alexey Vitalievich Fesun
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Group I ◽  
Venous Diseases ◽  
Varicose Disease ◽  
Group Ii

According to modern data, there are no signs of chronic venous disease in only 15.9% of people. Observing the clinical data of recent years, there is a tendency to increase the number of people with venous diseases and, unfortunately, the number of young patients is increasing (there are data that schoolchildren of the senior classes have signs of varicose transformation in 10-15%). Polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase-12 is a key link in the pathogenesis of varicose veins.We conducted surveys of 50 patients. The average age is 43.7 ± 15.9 years, of them women 32, men 18 people. All patients with the class C2-C6 varicose veins (CEAP-classifier) ​​were divided into two groups by the method of serial sampling: group I (n = 20) - with relapse of varicose veins; Group II (n = 30) - patients treated with varicose disease for the first time. The only exception was patients with deferred vein thrombosis. Ultrasound diagnosis of the main veins of the lower extremities and genomic analysis of blood samples of patients was used.The obtained results confirm that in patients of the I group the MMP-12 gene occurs in 80% of cases (homo- and heterozygous variation), whereas in group II only in 33.3% of cases. The Pearson consensus criterion is 10.4 (the critical value of the criterion is 6.63). The significance level of this relationship corresponds to p <0.01. The statistical significance of the frequency of recurrence of varicose disease and the MMP-12 gene was established using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, which is equal to 1,000 (criterion value is 0.398). Dependence of signs is statistically significant, with p <0.05

scholarly journals Effect of Nordic Walking and Water Aerobics Training on Body Composition and the Blood Flow in Lower Extremities in Elderly Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Jasiński ◽  
Małgorzata Socha ◽  
Ludmiła Sitko ◽  
Katarzyna Kubicka ◽  
Marek Woźniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
The Right

Abstract Nordic walking and water aerobics are very popular forms of physical activity in the elderly population. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of regular health training on the venous blood flow in lower extremities and body composition in women over 50 years old. Twenty-four women of mean age 57.9 (± 3.43) years, randomly divided into three groups (Nordic walking, water aerobics, and non-training), participated in the study. The training lasted 8 weeks, with one-hour sessions twice a week. Dietary habits were not changed. Before and after training vein refilling time and the function of the venous pump of the lower extremities were measured by photoplethysmography. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance. Eight weeks of Nordic walking training improved the venous blood flow in lower extremities and normalized body composition in the direction of reducing chronic venous disorder risk factors. The average values of the refilling time variable (p = 0.04, p = 0.02, respectively) decreased in both the right and the left leg. After training a statistically significant increase in the venous pump function index was found only in the right leg (p = 0.04). A significant increase in fat-free mass, body cell mass and total body water was observed (p = 0.01), whereas body mass, the body mass index, and body fat decreased (p < 0.03). With regard to water aerobic training, no similar changes in the functions of the venous system or body composition were observed.

scholarly journals A Score of Run-Off (Outflow) Resistance in Lesions Femoropopliteal Arteries Using MSCT Angiography

2017 ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
A. L. Maslov ◽  
A. E. Zotikov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Critical Ischemia ◽  
Type D ◽  
Msct Angiography

Despite the ongoing treatment, in 10–20% of patients with obliterating diseases of the arteries of the lower limbs, the progression of the disease leads to amputation, with mortality rates being up to 50%.The aim: to determine the effectiveness of MSCT angiography in patients with type-D femoral-popliteal arteries according to TASC II with critical ischemia of the lower extremities and poor condition of outflow tracts for performing arterialization of venous blood flow and / or superimposition of arteriovenous fistula.Material and methods. 145 MSCT angiographic studies were performed for patients with arterial diseases of the lower extremities performed in “RAMSAY Diagnostics Rus”Moscow. For the analysis, 53 (37% of the total) of the patient with lesions of the femoropopliteal segment of Type D according to TASC II were selected. The analysis of the state of the arterial outflow pathways was carried out according to the modified Rutherford classification, where each artery of the shin was maximally assigned 3 points depending on the degree of stenosis, the blood flow resistance was estimated as 0 points – the absence of stenosis or stenosis less than 20%, 1 point stenosis 20–49% 2 points stenosis 50–99%, 3 points – occlusion.Results. The degree of resistance of arteries of outflow tracts of 39 limbs (16 right and 23 left) was calculated in 53 patients: 10 points in 23.7% of cases; 9 points in 5.1%; 8 points – 2.5%; 7 points 18%, 6 points in 5%; 5 points 2.5%; 4 points 15.4%; 3 points 7.7%; 2 points 0; 1 point 20.5%. In patients with poor arterial outflow, with a score greater than 7, there is a high risk of early thrombosis of the prosthesis, so such patients undergo an operation with the formation of an unloading arteriovenous fistula.Conclusion. MSCT angiography of the arteries of the lower extremities is an effective method for determining the severity of arterial damage with an accurate definition of the level, extent, prevalence with the possibility of using different classifications, including TASC II and theRutherford classification. It can be used as a screening, expert method in patients with arterial diseases of the lower extremities, may be an alternative to direct angiography, used to assess patients in the postoperative period.Key words: peripheral arterial disease, outflow score, ball classification of outflow tracts, runoff score, computed tomography, angiography. 

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the reaction of the lower limbs venous blood flow to the orthostatic test in men with arterial hypertension

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
T. F. Vagapov ◽  
V. M. Baev ◽  
S. V. Letyagina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Blood Flow Rate ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Venous Blood Flow

A comparative analysis of the dynamics of lower limb vein angioscopy parameters in case of orthostasis between male patients (age 30–50 years) with arterial hypertension (test group – 60 people) and normal arterial pressure (control group – 27 people) was made. Orthostatic sample in all examined patients was characterized by a reliable increase in the diameter and area of vein section at a decrease in blood flow rate. However, in patients with hypertension the increase in the area of vein section was significantly less than in the control group. In orthostasis, the drop in blood flow rate in the total femoral vein was lower in men with hypertension than in men in the control group. In the great saphenous vein, a larger decrease in blood flow velocity was recorded than in the control group. In hypertension, no increase in the number of refluxes was recorded in orthostasis. Thus, hypertension in men is characterized by altered reaction of venous blood flow to orthostasis in both deep and saphenous veins.

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