Here Is My Name When I Am Dead

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel McBride Lindsey
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Modes Of Representation

This chapter explores death and mourning pictures within a shifting memorial culture that was rooted in historical modes of representation and theologies of redemption. Over the course of the nineteenth century, photographic portraiture emerged within this memorial culture as both the preferred iconography of mourning in nineteenth-century America and, significantly, as a relic of the departed that disclosed future glory to the bereaved. In this chapter, I explore the role of photographs as relics that illuminated the communion of shadows by mediating the body of the deceased with the grieving body of the bereaved. Here, photographs were devised not as tokens of the moldering body of the deceased but of promise of celestial reunion in glory. As memorial portraiture focused attention on the body of the deceased, another facet within the communion of shadows purported to provide evidence of the soul’s survival after death.

Blood, Bodies, and The Lifted Veil

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Flint
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
George Eliot ◽  
Scientific Writing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
Common Life ◽  
Historical Specificity

The Lifted Veil (1859) is a text concerned with the interplay between science and the imagination. It is informed by The Physiology of Common Life, the work that G. H. Lewes published in the same year, and in many ways is in a dialogue with this work, asking that if we could look into someone's mind with the same power that a physician can examine the body, would we choose to exercise this specular power? The essay shows how George Eliot employs some of the same language that Lewes uses in his scientific writing, especially in the context of the circulation of blood and the circulation of feeling. Blood is crucial to this novella, and its wider nineteenth-century implications are also raised. In particular, the blood transfusion scene in The Lifted Veil is shown not to be a piece of mere Gothic melodrama but to be rooted in contemporary debate about transfusion. Historical specificity is reinforced through showing that Meunier, the doctor, had an actual prototype in the figure of Brown-Séquard. Examining these aspects of the novella raises questions about gender and authority. It is argued that, despite the dialogue with Lewes's work that occurs in The Lifted Veil, George Eliot gives even greater priority than Lewes does to the role of the imagination and to the provocative nature of that which cannot be revealed by science.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Fawn Chung
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
American West ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Chinese Workers ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Chinese Labor

This book examines the role of the Chinese in the lumber trade in the American West during the late nineteenth century, with a focus on the Sierra Nevada in the 1870s to 1890s. It looks at Chinese laborers' contribution to the building of the American West by analyzing their migration, their communities and lifestyles, lived experiences, transnationalism, and their work in relationship to mining and railroad construction. It also considers the timber barons and companies that employed Chinese workers, their departure from the Sierra Nevada forests, and the anti-Chinese sentiment that they endured. It shows that Chinese immigrants new to North America were first attracted to mining, but they turned to other work, such as logging, when they met with resistance and opposition from miners. The book also challenges some of the popular stereotypes that developed during this period of emerging unionism, along with the assumption of “cheap Chinese labor” that has been used to interpret the Chinese experience in late-nineteenth-century America.

Militia and Public Order in Nineteenth-Century America

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Reinders
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
American History ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Single Form ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Military

“ Tranquility is the first duty of every citizen ” has never been an American motto. “ What is impressive to one who begins to learn about American violence,” Richard Hofstadter once remarked, is its “ extraordinary frequency, its sheer commonplaceness in our history, its persistence into very recent and contemporary times, and its rather abrupt contrast with our pretensions to singular national virtue.” If, as Hofstadter complains, violence has been overlooked in American history, the maintenance of peace, particularly the significant role of the militia in public disorders — “ the most important single form of domestic violence in American history ” — has been almost totally ignored by historians. For example, Marcus Cunliffe's otherwise excellent study of the military mind in ante-bellum United States devotes two sentences to the subject, a rather surprising omission in view of the, quite correct, contemporary opinion that “the Militia are, after all … neither more nor less than an Auxiliary Police Force, and for the last forty-odd years that is the only duty they have ever been called on to perform.”

scholarly journals Die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika: ’n Vrywillige vereniging of ’n vereniging sui generis?

1994 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Gregan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
South African ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Body ◽  
Voluntary Association ◽  
Legal Person ◽  
English Court ◽  
Communion Of Saints ◽  
The Church

The Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika: A voluntary association or an association sui generis The Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk is seen as a voluntary association in South African law which is founded on a contractual basis. Recent case law has re-affirmed this fact. This was not always the case. Earlier case law referred to the church as a legal person (universitas). Because of the influence of English law and also the role of De Mist in the Cape during the nineteenth century, the courts have adopted the view that the church is a voluntary association The Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk, however, disagrees with this view of the courts. According to the the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk, one cannot simply talk of ‘voluntariness’ when membership of the church is at stake. The church is also not found on a contractual basis; Christ brought it together. The church is the communion of saints, because the believers, being members of the body of Jesus Christ, share in Christ and all He has. Recently an English court found that a church had the power to decide whether a preacher (rabbi) was fit to be a preacher and declared that the court will not interfere in such matters. This case could help to convince South African courts that the church differs from the ordinary voluntary association. The Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk also has the task to convince the courts in this regard and should be adamant in its stance that it should not be considered as a voluntary association, but rather as an association sui generis.

scholarly journals Unmasking Biometrics’ Biases

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Rosa Wevers
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Body

The article investigates the role of identity and the body in biometric technologies, contesting the conception that biometrics are neutral. It discusses biometrics’ exclusionary effects with regards to gender, race, class and ability, among others, by unveiling its historical links to nineteenth-century pseudoscientific practices. It does so through an analysis of Zach Blas’ Facial Weaponization Suite, an artistic critique of this dominant conception that draws attention to biometrics’ contested history and its current implications for marginalised identities.

scholarly journals The Emergence of Physical Education as a Subject for Compulsory Schooling in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century: The Case of Phokion Heinrich Clias and Adolf Spiess

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Rebekka Horlacher
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Body ◽  
Compulsory Schooling ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Compulsory Schools

In general, schooling and nation-building are associated with the unifying role of language and history education, since language and culture are perceived as fundamental pillars of the nation. Less discussed—at least regarding the curriculum—is the role of physical education, even if physical education was a highly political issue in the first decades of the nineteenth century. Based on a case study of Switzerland and textbooks for physical education by Adolf Spiess and the activities of Phokion Heinrich Clias for the Bernese school, this article discusses how physical education, distinct from the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries’ care for the body, became a school subject of the nineteenth century compulsory schools and how it was related to the notion of nation and nation-building. It argues that physical education became first part of the “modern” philanthropic education and schooling, was soon taken for granted as an essential curricular component of nation-building and lost thereby the political threat.

Telegraphies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Yandell
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Emily Dickinson ◽  
Frederick Douglass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Write Form ◽  
The Many ◽  
American Authors ◽  
Sarah Winnemucca ◽  
Range Free

Telegraphies: Indigeneity, Identity, and Nation in America’s Nineteenth-Century Virtual Realm explores literatures envisioning the literary, societal, even the perceived metaphysical effects of various cultures’ telecommunications technologies, to argue that nineteenth-century Americans tested in the virtual realm new theories of self, place, and nation for potential enactment in the embodied world. Telegraphies opens with the literatures of such Native telecommunications technologies as smoke signals and sign language chains, to reconceive common notions of telecommunications technologies as synonymous with capitalist industrialization, and to analyze the cultural interactions and literary productions that arose as Native telegraphs worked with and against European American telecommunications systems across nineteenth-century America. Into this conversation the book integrates visions of Morse’s electromagnetic telegraph, with its claims to speak new, coded words and send bodiless, textless prose instantly across the continent. To the many and various telegraphies this book considers, American authors often reacted with a mixture of wonder, hope, and fear. Writers as diverse as Sarah Winnemucca, Walt Whitman, Frederick Douglass, and Emily Dickinson, among others, craft poetic odes, memoirs, and novels that envision how the birth of perceived-instantaneous communication across a vast continent forever alters the way Americans speak, write, form community, and conceive of the divine. While some celebrate far-speaking technologies as conduits of a metaphysical manifest destiny to overspread America’s primitive cultures, others reveal how telecommunication empowers the previously silenced voice to range free in the disembodied virtual realm, even as the body remains confined by race, class, gender, disability, age, or geography.

Nineteenth-Century Arabic Writings On Women And Society: The Interim Role Of The Masonic Press In Cairo — (Al-Lata'if, 1885–1895)

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron D. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
General Terms

This article, which draws largely from Arabica press sources from 1885 to 1900, seeks to sharpen our view of social attitudes reflected in the activities of local Freemasons in Egypt and Syria during the last decades of the Ottoman Empite. A number of earlier historians have attached considerable importance to pre- and post-1908 masonic orders and Ottoman politics. Too few, however, have tried to analyze ways in which essential social themes, some widely recognized as having importance across international and intercultural lines, were viewed through the perspective of late 19th-century Freemasonry. A first task in this introduction, therefore, will be to see how Masons in Europe and the Middle East viewed, or were presumed to view, a number of such social themes in general terms. We will then turn to one specific issue which clearly assumed more than passing importance as a propagandistic cause pursued by a small but influential group of Masons in Syria and Egypt over nearly two decades' time. We may tentatively suggest that the purpose of such endeavors was to encourage majority acceptance of the relevance and value of a cause espoused for the body politic as a whole, without necessary reference to its original, here clearly minority, proponents.

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