Devastation without Disaster

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-37
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Kierner
Keyword(s):  
Human Agency ◽  
Modern Sense

The English colony established at Jamestown in 1607 was a disaster by any modern measure. Famine, disease, hurricanes, and violence killed roughly three-quarters of the 4,200 settlers who arrived there by 1622. This chapter argues that contemporaries viewed neither Jamestown nor the specific calamities that occurred there as disasters in the modern sense and that most public discussions of the colonists’ sufferings instead characterized them as either signs from God or (less commonly) the results of human mistakes or malfeasance. This pre-modern response to adversity had two related consequences. First, interpreting calamities within a providential framework elided human agency as the cause of suffering and therefore precluded temporal efforts to prevent future tragedies. Second, when famines and disease, hurricanes and earthquakes, were divine portents, they evoked horror or wonder, but not the human-centered emotions that would animate later responses to such calamities.

Collective Human Agency in the Context of Organizational Participation

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Georg Weber ◽  
Hans Jeppe Jeppesen
Keyword(s):  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
Employee Participation ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Organizational Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Participation ◽  
The Social

Abstract. Connecting the social cognitive approach of human agency by Bandura (1997) and activity theory by Leontiev (1978) , this paper proposes a new theoretical framework for analyzing and understanding employee participation in organizational decision-making. Focusing on the social cognitive concepts of self-reactiveness, self-reflectiveness, intentionality, and forethought, commonalities, complementarities, and differences between both theories are explained. Efficacy in agency is conceived as a cognitive foundation of work motivation, whereas the mediation of societal requirements and resources through practical activity is conceptualized as an ecological approach to motivation. Additionally, we discuss to which degree collective objectifications can be understood as material indicators of employees’ collective efficacy. By way of example, we explore whether an integrated application of concepts from both theories promotes a clearer understanding of mechanisms connected to the practice of employee participation.

Commentary on Bandura's "human agency."

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
William T. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Human Agency

Humanising the Dehumanised: Emotion and Being in the Violence of the Islamic State (IS): An Alternative Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quraysha Bibi Ismail Sooliman
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
The Political ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
Western Civilisation ◽  
Ongoing Project

This paper considers the effect of violence on the emotions of IS fighters and the resultant consequences of those emotions as a factor in their choice to use violence. By interrogating the human aspect of the fighters, I am focusing not on religion but on human agency as a factor in the violence. In this regard, this paper is about reorienting the question about the violence of IS not as “religious” violence but as a response to how these fighters perceive what is happening to them and their homeland. It is about politicising the political, about the violence of the state and its coalition of killing as opposed to a consistent effort to frame the violence into an explanation of “extremist religious ideology.” This shift in analysis is significant because of the increasing harm that is caused by the rise in Islamophobia where all Muslims are considered “radical” and are dehumanised. This is by no means a new project; rather it reflects the ongoing project of distortion of and animosity toward Islam, the suspension of ethics and the naturalisation of war. It is about an advocacy for war by hegemonic powers and (puppet regimes) states against racialised groups in the name of defending liberal values. Furthermore, the myth of religious violence has served to advance the goals of power which have been used in domestic and foreign policy to marginalise and dehumanise Muslims and to portray the violence of the secular state as a justified intervention in order to protect Western civilisation and the secular subject.

ФІГУРА УСЛАВЛЕННЯ ЯК ТЕМБРАЛЬНЕ НАПОВНЕННЯ ПАРТІЇ КНЯЗЯ ІГОРЯ В ОДНОЙМЕННІЙ ОПЕРІ О. БОРОДІНА

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Admink Admink
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
General Construction ◽  
Modern Sense

Продемонстровано уявлення в сучасному українському мистецтвознавстві та культурології відомостей про тембральну стратегію й загальну конструкцію опери «Князь Ігор» за авторськими установками у науковому передбаченні сучасного смислу розуміння подій «Слова о полку Ігоревім» в композиції твору О. Бородіна.Ключові слова: славлення, тембр співу, опера, семантика баса, «Князь Ігор» О. Бородіна. The article demonstrates the presentation in Ukrainian art and cultural studies of information about the timbre strategy and the general construction of the opera Prince Igor in accordance with the author's attitudes and scientific foresight of the modern sense of understanding the events of the Word of Igor's Campaign in the composition of A. Borodin.Key words: glorification, timbre of singing, opera, bass semantics, «Prince Igor» by A. Borodin

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