scholarly journals Gudar och människor bland texter och paratexter

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Davage
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Book Of Isaiah ◽  
New Framework ◽  
The Way

It is a well-known fact that the books of the Hebrew Bible are, to a great extent, anonymous and that the individuals long identified as their authors (Moses, Isaiah, David, Solomon, and so on) are not the ones who have penned them. How, then, should the few paratexts that do, in fact, relate texts explicitly to named individuals be understood? In this article, I argue that such a question is essentially related to the historical contingency of author concepts. After introducing the work of Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault as a contrast to the Romantic author ideal, I provide an outline of two diverging author concepts in the ancient world: (1) a Mesopotamian trajectory where texts often circulated anonymously and where authorship was distributed across several agents, with a divine-human interaction at its core, and (2) a Greek trajectory, where authors were regularly named and given prime place in the interpretive activity. By arguing that there are clear overlaps in the way authorship is conceived in the Mesopotamian trajectory and in the Hebrew Bible (more specifically in the book of Isaiah), I provide a new framework in relation to which the formation of the literature of the Hebrew Bible can be understood.

Formative Influences

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Radner ◽  
Alistair Fox
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Film Analysis ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Christian Metz ◽  
The Way

In this section of the interview, Bellour describes how he began to engage in film analysis in the 1960s, beginning with a sequence from Alfred Hitchcock’s The Birds, with the aim of establishing the way it worked as a “text.” He proceeds to describe his personal encounters with major figures like Roland Barthes, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Michel Foucault, and his friendship with Christian Metz, suggesting how his interchanges with them helped to shape his own thinking, and how it diverged from theirs.

Authorship and Autography

PMLA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 1377-1385
Author(s):  
Michael North
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Death Of The Author ◽  
The Way

The Single Most Influential Contemporary Statement on Authorship is Still the Obituary that Roland Barthes pronounced over thirty years ago (Burke, Death 19). Partly by the stark extremity of its title, Barthes's essay “The Death of the Author” transformed New Critical distaste for the biographical into an ontological conviction about the status of language (Burke, Death 16) and in so doing made the dead author far more influential than living authors had been for some time. If authorship is now a subject of contention in the academy rather than a vulgar embarrassment, it is largely because of the way that Barthes inflated the issue in the very act of dismissing it. Though the idea that “it is language which speaks, not the author,” seems to demote the human subject (“Death” 143), it may also promote the written word, and it has been objected from the beginning, by Michel Foucault first of all, that the notion of écriture “has merely transposed the empirical characteristics of an author to a transcendental anonymity” (Foucault 120). Many later critics have agreed, and thus there have been a series of arguments, from the theoretical (Burke, Death) to the empirical (Stillinger), to the effect that the whole post-Saussurean turn exemplified by Barthes has not so much killed off the concept of the author as raised it to a higher plane of abstraction. But it may be that, approached from another angle, Barthes's essay will turn out to have its own relation to certain social and technological developments, and that these, in their turn, will help to situate the death of the author as a historical phenomenon.

scholarly journals Od polityki i teorii do literatury. Wokół „Théorie d'ensemble" grupy Tel Quel

2007 ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Adam Dziadek
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Literary Theory ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Tel Quel ◽  
The Way

This text aims at a description of the famous manifesto published by the group Tel Quel in France in 1968. The author gives a short analysis of chosen texts by Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Roland Barthes and particularly Julia Kristeva. The analysis shows important links between politics and literary theory of the Tel Quel. It also shows the way that politics and theory (based on such intertexts as Marx, Freud and Lacan) influenced new notion of the text, of the intertextuality and the others.

Authorship and Autography

PMLA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 1377-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael North
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Death Of The Author ◽  
The Way

The Single Most Influential Contemporary Statement on Authorship is Still the Obituary that Roland Barthes pronounced over thirty years ago (Burke, Death 19). Partly by the stark extremity of its title, Barthes's essay “The Death of the Author” transformed New Critical distaste for the biographical into an ontological conviction about the status of language (Burke, Death 16) and in so doing made the dead author far more influential than living authors had been for some time. If authorship is now a subject of contention in the academy rather than a vulgar embarrassment, it is largely because of the way that Barthes inflated the issue in the very act of dismissing it. Though the idea that “it is language which speaks, not the author,” seems to demote the human subject (“Death” 143), it may also promote the written word, and it has been objected from the beginning, by Michel Foucault first of all, that the notion of écriture “has merely transposed the empirical characteristics of an author to a transcendental anonymity” (Foucault 120). Many later critics have agreed, and thus there have been a series of arguments, from the theoretical (Burke, Death) to the empirical (Stillinger), to the effect that the whole post-Saussurean turn exemplified by Barthes has not so much killed off the concept of the author as raised it to a higher plane of abstraction. But it may be that, approached from another angle, Barthes's essay will turn out to have its own relation to certain social and technological developments, and that these, in their turn, will help to situate the death of the author as a historical phenomenon.

A Pleasing Odour for Yahweh

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Anne Katrine De Hemmer Gudme
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The West ◽  
Sense Of Smell ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Crucial Part

This article investigates the importance of smell in the sacrificial cults of the ancient Mediterranean, using the Yahweh temple on Mount Gerizim and the Hebrew Bible as a case-study. The material shows that smell was an important factor in delineating sacred space in the ancient world and that the sense of smell was a crucial part of the conceptualization of the meeting between the human and the divine.  In the Hebrew Bible, the temple cult is pervaded by smell. There is the sacred oil laced with spices and aromatics with which the sanctuary and the priests are anointed. There is the fragrant and luxurious incense, which is burnt every day in front of Yahweh and finally there are the sacrifices and offerings that are burnt on the altar as ‘gifts of fire’ and as ‘pleasing odors’ to Yahweh. The gifts that are given to Yahweh are explicitly described as pleasing to the deity’s sense of smell. On Mount Gerizim, which is close to present-day Nablus on the west bank, there once stood a temple dedicated to the god Yahweh, whom we also know from the Hebrew Bible. The temple was in use from the Persian to the Hellenistic period (ca. 450 – 110 BCE) and during this time thousands of animals (mostly goats, sheep, pigeons and cows) were slaughtered and burnt on the altar as gifts to Yahweh. The worshippers who came to the sanctuary – and we know some of them by name because they left inscriptions commemorating their visit to the temple – would have experienced an overwhelming combination of smells: the smell of spicy herbs baked by the sun that is carried by the wind, the smell of humans standing close together and the smell of animals, of dung and blood, and behind it all as a backdrop of scent the constant smell of the sacrificial smoke that rises to the sky.

My Mother was a Wandering Aramaean

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Mareike Schol-Wetter
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores the applicability of Rosi Braidotti’s theory of nomadic becoming to the Hebrew Bible by way of two examples: Lot’s unfortunate wife, and Ruth, the Moabite who became an Israelite. Nomadic theory is distinguished from most current feminist and postcolonial approaches by its dynamic understanding of identity and its emphasis on change and affirmation rather than oppression and loss. Framed as instances of ‘nomadic becoming’, Ruth and Lot’s wife can be seen to effectively undermine conventional approaches to (Israelite) identity as fixed and opposed to various ‘others’. Read as ‘nomadic figurations’, they prove Braidotti’s claim that minorities—in this case, women and ethnic outsiders—must lead the way towards an ethics that has overcome the opposition between ‘us’ and ‘them’.

Sin and Punishment in the Book of Isaiah

2020 ◽  
pp. 248-264
Author(s):  
Blaženka Scheuer
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Book Of Isaiah ◽  
Recent Scholarship

This chapter explores the themes of sin and punishment through the lens of a theodicy that the authors and redactors of Isaiah offer to justify Yhwh’s actions and to instruct the Israelites to stay loyal to him. The three parts of Isaiah agree that the exile was Yhwh’s punishment for the Israelites’ rebellion demonstrated through social injustice and idolatry. However, because of the different historical realities that they address, they present varied understandings of the identity of the sinners and of the rationale for their punishment. The chapter also surveys the changes in recent scholarship in the study of sin and of the correspondence between sin and punishment in the Hebrew Bible. It draws attention to the fact that amid all the declarations of the Israelites’ sins, Isaiah gives voice to the human experience of unjust punishment.

Institutions, uncertainty, and entrepreneurial judgment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Claus Wiemann Frølund
Keyword(s):  
Human Interaction ◽  
Knightian Uncertainty ◽  
Entrepreneurial Process ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Judgment Process ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
The Way

Abstract Entrepreneurial action takes place in a context of Knightian uncertainty. In order to overcome this uncertainty, entrepreneurs engage in a process of judgment resulting in a decision about the course of action. Institutions arise mainly to reduce economic friction by providing structure to human interaction and thus reducing uncertainty. However, institutions may also introduce further uncertainty and thus disrupt the judgment process preceding entrepreneurial action. The present paper builds upon recent efforts to integrate the concepts of uncertainty and institutions within the entrepreneurial context. Drawing on Frank H. Knight's seminal insight, the judgment-based view of entrepreneurship, and relevant concepts of entrepreneurial outcomes, the main contribution of the paper lies in the development of a model offering a coherent description of the way institutions affect uncertainty and the entrepreneurial process.

Transparência e Opacidade: uma porta para a autoria na fotografia

Ícone ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Queiroga
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Walker Evans

Este artigo reflete sobre a relação entre fotografia e autoria. Parte de algumas passagens da história da fotografia, observando o distanciamento entre a fotografia documento – aquela em que se busca uma abordagem mais neutra e objetiva do tema – e o “estilo documental”, termo cunhado por Walker Evans e estudado por Olivier Lugon, que dá conta de uma apropriação da estética do documento mas com objetivos que estão além do registro do assunto fotografado. Articula a pesquisa de Lugon com conceitos de Laura González Flores, Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes e Giorgio Abamben. Aqui trabalhamos com a premissa de que a autoria ganha espaço na medida em que há um distanciamento do tema.

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