scholarly journals Standartinių bibliotekų metaduomenų modelių ir struktūrų pateikimo semantiniame saityne iniciatyvos

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Dunsire ◽  
Mirna Willer
Keyword(s):  
Library Of Congress ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Authority File ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Universal Decimal Classification ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Decimal Classification ◽  
Rdf Schema

Straipsnyje aptariamos naujausios bibliotekų metaduomenų modelių ir struktūrų, tarp jų – IFLA standartų „Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records“ (FRBR) („Funkciniai reikalavimai bibliografiniams įrašams“), „Functional Requirements for Authority Data“ (FRAD) („Funkciniai reikalavimai autoritetiniams duomenims“) ir „Interna­tional Standard Bibliographic Description“ (ISBD) („Tarptautinis standartinis bibliografinis aprašas“) kartu su juos palaikančia infrastruktūra pateikimo semantiniame saityne iniciatyvos. FRBR peržiūros grupė, pasitelkdama RDF, RDF schemą (RDF Schema – RDFS), Paprastą žinių organizavimo sistemą (Simple Knowledge Organization System – SKOS) ir Saityno ontologijų kalbą (Web Ontology Language – OWL), šiuo metu rengia FRAD bei FRBR entiteto ir santykio modelio pateiktis „Išteklių aprašo modeliu“ (Resource Description Framework – RDF) grindžiamoms taikomosioms programoms, atitinkamais atvejais nustatydama abiejų modelių sankirtas. ISBD/XML tyrimų grupė tiria ISBD pateikimo RDF galimybes. Pagal IFLA Vardų erdvių projektą kuriama administracinė ir techninė infrastruktūra, kuri padėtų įgyvendinti šias iniciatyvas ir skatintų kitas tarnybas perimti šiuos standartus. Straipsnyje apibūdinamos ir panašios tokių susijusių išorinių standartų, kaip RDA, REICAT (naujosios Italų kata­logavimo taisyklės) ir CIDOC CRM, iniciatyvos. DCMI RDA laikina darbo grupė kartu su RDA jungtiniu vykdomuoju komitetu rengia su FRBR ir FRAD suderintas RDA struktūrinių elementų semantinio saityno pateiktis ir kontroliuoja­mus metaduomenų turinio žodynus. REICAT irgi grindžiamos FRBR, o į objektą orientuota FRBR versija susieta su CRM, kuris, savo ruožtu, pateikiamas RDF. CRM būtinumas iš pradžių buvo grindžiamas muziejų bendruomenei skirtų metaduomenų reikalingumu: dabar siekiama jį pritaikyti ir archyvams, galiausiai sukuriant modelį, kuris būtų bendras visoms pagrindinėms kultūros informacijos sritims: archyvams, bibliotekoms ir muziejams. Žodynų sutapties schemos (Vocabulary Mapping Framework – VMF) projekto metu sukurta semantinio saityno priemonė, automatiškai nustatanti skirtingų informacijos bendruomenių, įskaitant leidėjus, metaduomenų modelių sankirtas. Priemonės pagrindą sudaro keletas standartų, tarp kurių - CRM, FRAD, FRBR, MARC2I ir RDA. Straipsnyje aptariama šių iniciatyvų svarba, susijusi su gausių turtingų profesionaliai sukurtų minėtus standartus ati­tinkančiais formatais (pvz., UNIMARC ir MARC2I) saugomų metaduomenų pateikimu kaip susietų duomenų, taip pat su tokiomis problemomis, kaip statistinėms ir semantinėms išvadoms daryti būtina kritinė masė, integravimas su vartotojų ir kompiuterių kuriamais metaduomenimis, autentiškumas, teisingumas bei patikimumas. Straipsnyje aptariamos ir iniciaty­vos, kuriomis siekiama kaip susietus duomenis teikti kontroliuojamiems žodynams, tokiems kaip Dewey dešimtainė klasifi­kacija (Dewey Decimal Classification – DDC), ISBD, Kongreso bibliotekos vardų autoritetinis failas (Library of Congress Name Authority File – LCNAF), Kongreso bibliotekos dalykinės rubrikos (Library of Congress Subject Headings – LCSH), Rameau (Prancūzų dalykinės rubrikos). Universalioji dešimtainė klasifikacija (Universal Decimal Classification – UDC) ir Virtualus tarptautinis autoritetinis failas (Virtual Authority File – VIAF). Ir, galiausiai, straipsnyje aptariama galima visų šių iniciatyvų įtaka metaduomenų kūrimo procesams ir jų valdymo sistemoms.

Organisation and Maintenance of Library Authority Files in Russia and Abroad

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-496
Author(s):  
Anna A. Stukalova ◽  
Natalya A. Balutkina
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web Technology ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Authority File ◽  
Data Variability ◽  
International Authority ◽  
The World ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
National Libraries ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
Rdf Schema

The article provides review of foreign and domestic publications on the problems of creation, development and use of authority files (AF) of names of persons, names of organizations, geographical names and other objects both at the international, national and regional levels. The paper presents analysis of the foreign experience of AF maintenance. The authors note that, due to the availability of universal collections and qualified specialists, AF formation abroad is usually carried out by national libraries. A substantive analysis of foreign publications has shown that national AFs (NAF) are characterized by data variability and diversity of approaches. The authors studied the experience of successful combination of NAF created according to different methods within the framework of the international corporate project — Virtual International Authority File (VIAF). The article notes that most of the Russian libraries do not use AF, since AF, created in republican and regional scientific libraries, as a rule, are not publicly available. At the same time, creation by a separate library of its own AF leads to high labour and material costs, and the formation of a large number of AF leads to the variability of the AFs created for the same objects. The authors conclude that for efficient use of AFs within the country, it is necessary to apply unified methods and rules for creation of authority records. Another way out is the application of the Semantic Web technology, which allows linking AFs created according to different methods. It is necessary to make maximum use of existing dictionaries or create dictionaries based on the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), Resource Description Framework (RDF), RDF Schema (RDFS) and Web Ontology Language (OWL) standards.

scholarly journals DESCRIPTION OF CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS OF LIBRARY CATALOGUES

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoya V. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Systems Development ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Library Of Congress ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Universal Decimal Classification ◽  
Decimal Classification

The description of the most widespread universal library classifications (Decimal Classification of D'yui (DKD), Universal Decimal Classification (UDK), Classification of Library of Congress (KBK), Library-Bibliographic Classification (BBK)) are analysed in the article. Histories of these systems development and features of their use in modern informative services as well as the example of construction of electronic library classifiers on the base of the library classifications of DKD and KBK are given.

scholarly journals Os Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records no contexto da Web Semântica: as contribuições de Paul Otlet

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Elisabete Gonçalves de Souza ◽  
Darlene Alves Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Resource Description Framework ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Uniform Resource Identifier ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Stored Information ◽  
Resource Description

We examine how the conceptual model of Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records is related to the notion of documentary unit attributed to Otlet and present in the Traité de Documentation, whose principles are applied to support the foundations of the Universal Bibliographic Repertory. In theoretical and methodological terms, this is an exploratory research with a historical and documentary nature that seeks to ascertain the classical assumptions of representation and organization of information and relate them to the context of the Semantic Web. We analyze the results of simulations of the application of the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records carried out in Acesso Livre à Informação Científica of Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária to illustrate how Otlet's theses are applied to these digital bibliographies. We discuss the advantages of repositories for the modeling processes since the Dublin Core format allows the use of languages such as the Resource Description Framework for the description of metadata, which enhances information retrieval. We conclude by demonstrating how the principles of monograph, continuity and plurality are expressed in the entities in Group I of Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records conceptual model, which reveals methodological affinities between the model and Otlet's theses. We point out that actions directed towards encouraging the description of bibliographic metadata in Resource Description Framework statements will, in the near future, allow each resource to be identified in a meaningful way through a universal identifier - Uniform Resource Identifier -, allowing the database records to be interconnected and access to the user to a huge amount of stored information, as stated by Otlet when developing the Universal Bibliographic Repertory.

Survey of directly mapping SQL databases to the Semantic Web

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan F. Sequeda ◽  
Syed Hamid Tirmizi ◽  
Oscar Corcho ◽  
Daniel P. Miranker
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Resource Description Framework ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Ontology Language ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
Semantic Properties ◽  
Rdf Schema

AbstractThe Semantic Web anticipates integrated access to a large number of information sources on the Internet represented as Resource Description Framework (RDF). Given the large number of websites that are backed by SQL databases, methods that automate the translation of those databases to RDF are crucial. One approach, taken by a number of researchers, is to directly map the SQL schema to an equivalent Web Ontology Language (OWL) or RDF Schema representation, which in turn, implies an RDF representation for the relational data. This paper reviews this research, and derives a consolidated, overarching set of translation rules expressible as a stratified Datalog program. We present all the possible key combinations in an SQL schema and consider their implied semantic properties. We review the approaches and characterize them with respect to the scope of their coverage of SQL constructs.

Classifying art with Bliss

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Alex Perkins
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Library Of Congress ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
Universal Decimal Classification ◽  
Faceted Classification ◽  
Decimal Classification

The second edition of the Bliss Classification (BC2) is a faceted classification scheme which reworks the original Bliss Classification, devised a century ago. It compares favourably in terms of its wealth of detail, the fineness of its analysis, its flexibility and the conciseness of its notation with its main rivals, the Library of Congress Classification, the Dewey Decimal Classification and the Universal Decimal Classification. The Art class, W, is one of the most detailed and best organised of the BC2 schedules, with the caveat that the author did not find the giving of priority to place over period and the listing of individual artists separately from their periods and places to be the most helpful arrangement. However, room is left for alternative arrangements within the scheme.

scholarly journals Os Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records no contexto da Web Semântica: as contribuições de Paul Otlet

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete Gonçalves de Souza ◽  
Darlene Alves Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Resource Description Framework ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Uniform Resource Identifier ◽  
Dublin Core ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description

Este trabalho examina como o modelo conceitual Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records se aproxima da noção de unidade documentária atribuída a Paul Otlet e presente no Traité de Documentation, cujos princípios são aplicados ao fundamentar as bases do Repertório Bibliográfico Universal. Em termos teóricos e metodológicos, trata-se de pesquisa exploratória de caráter histórico e documental, cujo objetivo é averiguar os pressupostos clássicos da representação e organização da informa- ção, relacionando-os com o contexto da Web Semântica. Avança analisando os resultados de simulações acerca da aplicação dos Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records no repositório Acesso Livre à Informação Científica da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, de modo a ilustrar como as teses de Otlet se aplicam a essas ferramentas bibliográficas. Mostra as vantagens dos repositórios nos processos de modelagem, pois o formato Dublin Core permite a descrição de metadados usando linguagens como a Resource Description Framework, o que potencializa a recuperação de informações. Finaliza demonstrando como os princípios - monográfico, da continuidade e da pluralidade -, se expressam nas entidades do Grupo I do modelo conceitual Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, o que revela as afinidades metodológicas entre o modelo e as teses de Otlet. Ressalta que ações direcionadas no sentido de incentivar a descrição dos metadados bibliográficos em declarações em Resource Description Framework permitirá, num futuro bem próximo, que cada recurso seja identificado de forma pertinente por meio de um identificador universal - Uniform Resource Identifier -, possibilitando que os registros das bases de dados sejam interligados, permitindo ao usuário acesso a uma massa informacional há séculos estocada, tal como preconizou Otlet ao criar o Repertório Bibliográfico Universal.Palavras-chave: Registros bibliográficos. Paul Otlet. Representação descritiva. Web Semântica.Link: http://periodicos.puc-campinas.edu.br/seer/index.php/transinfo/article/view/2783/2257

scholarly journals Connecting RDA and RDF: Linked Data for a Wide World of Connected Possibilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashleigh Faith ◽  
Michelle Chrzanowski
Keyword(s):  
Resource Description Framework ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Knowledge Maps ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Reference Librarians ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description

Libraries have struggled with connecting a plethora of content and the metadata stored in catalogs to patrons. Adding more value to catalogs, more tools for reference librarians, and enriched patron search, linked data is a means to connect more people with more relevant information. With the recent transition to the Resource Description and Access (RDA) cataloging standard within libraries, linking data in library databases has become a much easier project to tackle, largely because of another standard called Resource Description Framework (RDF). Both focus on resource description and both are components of linked data within the library. Tying them together is the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) conceptual framework. Acknowledging that linked data components are most likely new to many librarians, this article seeks to explain what linked data is, how RDA and RDF are connected by FRBR, and how knowledge maps may improve information access.

Multi-entity models of resource description in the Semantic Web

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Baker ◽  
Karen Coyle ◽  
Sean Petiya
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Data Consistency ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The 1998 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) document “Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records” (FRBR) has inspired a family of models that view bibliographic resources in terms of multiple entities differentiated with regard to meaning, expression, and physicality. The purpose of this paper is to compare how three FRBR and FRBR-like models have been expressed as Semantic Web vocabularies based on Resource Description Framework (RDF). The paper focusses on IFLA’s own vocabulary for FRBR; RDF vocabularies for Resource Description and Access (RDA), an emergent FRBR-based standard for library cataloging; and BIBFRAME, an emergent FRBR-like, native-RDF standard for bibliographic data. Design/methodology/approach – Simple test records using the RDF vocabularies were analyzed using software that supports inferencing. Findings – In some cases, what the data actually means appears to differ from what the vocabulary developers presumably intended to mean. Data based on the FRBR vocabulary appears particularly difficult to integrate with data based on different models. Practical implications – Some of the RDF vocabularies reviewed in the paper could usefully be simplified, enabling libraries to integrate their data more easily into the wider information ecosystem on the Web. Requirements for data consistency and quality control could be met by emergent standards of the World Wide Web Consortium for validating RDF data according to integrity constraints. Originality/value – There are few such comparisons of the RDF expressions of these models, which are widely assumed to represent the future of library cataloging.

scholarly journals Logical Foundations of RDF(S) with Datatypes

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 535-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. De Bruijn ◽  
S. Heymans
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Resource Description Framework ◽  
Description Logic ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Logical Foundations ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
Rdf Schema

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a Semantic Web standard that provides a data language, simply called RDF, as well as a lightweight ontology language, called RDF Schema. We investigate embeddings of RDF in logic and show how standard logic programming and description logic technology can be used for reasoning with RDF. We subsequently consider extensions of RDF with datatype support, considering D entailment, defined in the RDF semantics specification, and D* entailment, a semantic weakening of D entailment, introduced by ter Horst. We use the embeddings and properties of the logics to establish novel upper bounds for the complexity of deciding entailment. We subsequently establish two novel lower bounds, establishing that RDFS entailment is PTime-complete and that simple-D entailment is coNP-hard, when considering arbitrary datatypes, both in the size of the entailing graph. The results indicate that RDFS may not be as lightweight as one may expect.

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