scholarly journals The Smithsonian solar constant data revisited: no evidence for a strong effect of solar activity in ground-based insolation data

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3291-3301 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Feulner
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Sunspot Number ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Local Pollution ◽  
Spurious Results

Abstract. Apparent evidence for a strong signature of solar activity in ground-based insolation data was recently reported. In particular, a strong increase of the irradiance of the direct solar beam with sunspot number as well as a decline of the brightness of the solar aureole and the measured precipitable water content of the atmosphere with solar activity were presented. The latter effect was interpreted as evidence for cosmic-ray-induced aerosol formation. Here I show that these spurious results are due to a failure to correct for seasonal variations and the effects of volcanic eruptions and local pollution in the data. After correcting for these biases, neither the atmospheric water content nor the brightness of the solar aureole show any significant change with solar activity, and the variations of the solar-beam irradiance with sunspot number are in agreement with previous estimates. Hence there is no evidence for the influence of solar activity on the climate being stronger than currently thought.

scholarly journals The Smithsonian solar constant data revisited: no evidence for cosmic-ray induced aerosol formation in terrestrial insolation data

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2297-2316
Author(s):  
G. Feulner
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Local Pollution ◽  
Spurious Result ◽  
Apparent Evidence

Abstract. Apparent evidence for a strong signature of solar activity in terrestrial insolation data was recently reported. In particular, a surprisingly strong increase of terrestrial insolation with sunspot number as well as a decline of the brightness of the solar aureole and the measured precipitable water content of the atmosphere with solar activity was presented. The latter effect was interpreted as evidence for cosmic-ray induced aerosol formation. Here I show that these spurious result are due to a~failure to correct for seasonal variations and the effects of volcanic eruptions and local pollution in the data. After correcting for these biases, the atmospheric water content, the solar aureole brightness, and the terrestrial insolation show no significant trend with solar activity. Hence there is no evidence for the influence of solar activity on the climate being stronger than currently thought, or a cosmic-ray mechanism linking the two.

ESTABLISHING SOLAR ACTIVITY TREND FOR SOLAR CYCLES 21 – 24

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
A.K. Singh ◽  
◽  
A. Bhargawa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Sunspot Number ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Lyman Alpha ◽  
Rate Versus ◽  
Alpha Index

Solar-terrestrial environment is manifested primarily by the physical conditions of solar interior, solar atmosphere and eruptive solar plasma. Each parameter gives unique information about the Sun and its activity according to its defined characteristics. Hence the variability of solar parameters is of interest from the point of view of plasma dynamics on the Sun and in the interplanetary space as well as for the solar-terrestrial physics. In this study, we have analysed various solar transients and parameters to establish the recent trends of solar activity during solar cycles 21, 22, 23 and 24. The correlation coefficients of linear regression of F10.7 cm index, Lyman alpha index, Mg II index, cosmic ray intensity, number of M & X class flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) occurrence rate versus sunspot number was examined for last four solar cycles. A running cross-correlation method has been used to study the momentary relationship among the above mentioned solar activity parameters. Solar cycle 21 witnessed the highest value of correlation for F10.7 cm index, Lyman alpha index and number of M-class and X-class flares versus sunspot number among all the considered solar cycles which were 0.979, 0.935 and 0.964 respectively. Solar cycle 22 recorded the highest correlation in case of Mg II index, Ap index and CMEs occurrence rate versus sunspot number among all the considered solar cycles (0.964, 0.384 and 0.972 respectively). Solar cycle 23 and 24 did not witness any highest correlation compared to solar cycle 21 and 22. Further the record values (highest value compared to other solar three cycles) of each solar activity parameters for each of the four solar cycles have been studied. Here solar cycle 24 has no record text at all, this simply indicating that this cycle was a weakest cycle compared to the three previous ones. We have concluded that in every domain solar 24 was weaker to its three predecessors.

The cosmic-ray intensity variations with periods of 19-24 days

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S831-S834
Author(s):  
G. A. Bazilevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Sunspot Number ◽  
Neutron Monitor ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Solar Activity ◽  
Radio Emissions ◽  
Cosmic Ray Intensity ◽  
Cyclic Variations

Sporadic cyclic variations of the cosmic-ray intensity with periods of 19 to 24 days have been found from the results of balloon and neutron monitor observations. These variations were observed mainly in the years of high solar activity, 1958–62. They appeared to be caused by the general solar activity which, as our treatment has shown, undergoes similar cyclic variations (according to sunspot number or 10.7-cm radio-emissions). The variations under investigation appear with a lag of about 1.5 months compared with the solar-activity variations.

scholarly journals Application of the wavelet phase method of signal study to the analysis of asymmetric barycentric motions of the Sun and changes in processes occurring on the Sun, near-earth space and in the interior of the Earth

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-35
Author(s):  
Valeriy I. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Correlation Matrices ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
The Earth

A set of studies has been carried out, indicating that solar activity and processes associated with the activity of the Sun: changes in the main magnetic fluxes, areas of polar spots, the number of polar torches at the poles of the Sun; -index of geomagnetic activity and -index of the ratio of plasma pressure to magnetic solar wind (SW), slow and high-speed flows of SW, cosmic ray intensity (CR); average annual values of the interplanetary magnetic field vector and its components; the temperature, density, and flow rate of the SW plasma, the synodic period of the revolution of the Sun as a star, and the radius of the Sun in relative units; the distance of the Earths geographic pole from the conventional international origin, the rate of change of the position of the Earths north magnetic pole, the main ionospheric parameters; the angle of the Earth's axis of rotation and volcanic eruptions; asymmetric movement of the Sun around the solar system of the solar system (in fractions of the solar radius); the distances from the solar systems CM to the Sun in km, the distances from the solar systems CM to the Earth, with high accuracy, are consistent with the movement of the Sun relative to the barycenter. The research is based on the wavelet transformation of the observations listed above variables in various time intervals with the subsequent calculation of their phase-frequency and phase-time characteristics, correlation matrices between characteristics. The studied variables are divided into groups, which include the barycentric movement of the Sun and changes in solar activity. The calculated two correlation matrices of the wavelet characteristics of the group of variables and the graphs of these characteristics in two coordinate systems reflect the consistency of changes in the group. The studies carried out indicate that the thermonuclear reaction occurring in the interior of the Sun, the external manifestation of which is solar activity, is controlled by the movements of the large planets of the Solar System relative to the Sun.

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