scholarly journals Evaluation of UTLS carbon monoxide simulations in GMI and GEOS-Chem chemical transport models using Aura MLS observations

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 5641-5663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Huang ◽  
Jonathan H. Jiang ◽  
Lee T. Murray ◽  
Megan R. Damon ◽  
Hui Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Vertical Transport ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Co Concentrations

Abstract. This study evaluates the distribution and variation of carbon monoxide (CO) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) during 2004–2012 as simulated by two chemical transport models, using the latest version of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) observations. The simulated spatial distributions, temporal variations and vertical transport of CO in the UTLS region are compared with those observed by MLS. We also investigate the impact of surface emissions and deep convection on CO concentrations in the UTLS over different regions, using both model simulations and MLS observations. Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) and GEOS-Chem simulations of UTLS CO both show similar spatial distributions to observations. The global mean CO values simulated by both models agree with MLS observations at 215 and 147 hPa, but are significantly underestimated by more than 40 % at 100 hPa. In addition, the models underestimate the peak CO values by up to 70 % at 100 hPa, 60 % at 147 hPa and 40 % at 215 hPa, with GEOS-Chem generally simulating more CO at 100 hPa and less CO at 215 hPa than GMI. The seasonal distributions of CO simulated by both models are in better agreement with MLS in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) than in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), with disagreements between model and observations over enhanced CO regions such as southern Africa. The simulated vertical transport of CO shows better agreement with MLS in the tropics and the SH subtropics than the NH subtropics. We also examine regional variations in the relationships among surface CO emission, convection and UTLS CO concentrations. The two models exhibit emission–convection–CO relationships similar to those observed by MLS over the tropics and some regions with enhanced UTLS CO.

scholarly journals Evaluation of UTLS carbon monoxide simulations in GMI and GEOS-Chem chemical transport models using Aura MLS observations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Huang ◽  
Jonathan H. Jiang ◽  
Lee Murray ◽  
Megan Damon ◽  
Hui Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Vertical Transport ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Co Concentrations

Abstract. This study evaluates the distribution and variation of carbon monoxide (CO) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) during 2004–2012 as simulated by two chemical transport models, using the latest version of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) observations. The simulated spatial distributions, temporal variations and vertical transport of CO in the UTLS region are compared with those observed by MLS. We also investigate the impact of surface emissions and deep convection on CO concentrations in the UTLS over different regions, using both model simulations and MLS observations. Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) and GEOS-Chem simulations of UTLS CO both show similar spatial distributions to observations. The global mean CO values simulated by both models agree with MLS observations at 215 hPa and 147 hPa, but are significantly underestimated (> 40 %) at 100 hPa. In addition, the models underestimate the peak CO values by up to 70 % at 100 hPa, 60 % at 147 hPa, and 40 % at 215 hPa, with GEOS-Chem generally simulating more CO at 100 hPa and less CO at 215 hPa than GMI. The seasonal distributions of CO simulated by both models are in better agreement with MLS in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) than in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), with disagreements between model and observations over some enhanced CO regions such as southern Africa. The simulated vertical transport of CO shows better agreement with MLS in the tropics and SH subtropics than NH subtropics. We also examine regional variations in the relationships among surface CO emission, convection and UTLS CO concentrations. The two models exhibit emission-convection-CO relationships similar to those observed by MLS over the tropics and some regions with enhanced UTLS CO.

scholarly journals On the representation of IAGOS/MOZAIC vertical profiles in chemical transport models: contribution of different error sources in the example of carbon monoxide

Tellus B ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 28292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Boschetti ◽  
Huilin Chen ◽  
Valerie Thouret ◽  
Philippe Nedelec ◽  
Greet Janssens-Maenhout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Chemical Transport Models

scholarly journals On the ability of chemical transport models to simulate the vertical structure of the N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>2</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> species in the mid-latitude stratosphere

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 12373-12401
Author(s):  
G. Berthet ◽  
N. Huret ◽  
F. Lefèvre ◽  
G. Moreau ◽  
C. Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Dimensional Version ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In this paper we study the impact of the modelling of N2O on the simulation of NO2 and HNO3 by comparing in situ vertical profiles measured at mid-latitudes with the results of the Reprobus 3-D CTM (Three-dimensional Chemical Transport Model) computed with the kinetic parameters from the JPL recommendation in 2002. The analysis of the measured in situ profile of N2O shows particular features indicating different air mass origins. The measured N2O, NO2 and HNO3 profiles are not satisfyingly reproduced by the CTM when computed using the current 6-hourly ECMWF operational analysis. Improving the simulation of N2O transport allows us to calculate quantities of NO2 and HNO3 in reasonable agreement with observations. This is achieved using 3-hourly winds obtained from ECMWF forecasts. The best agreement is obtained by constraining a one-dimensional version of the model with the observed N2O. This study shows that modelling the NOy partitioning with better accuracy relies at least on a correct simulation of N2O and thus of total NOy.

scholarly journals On the ability of chemical transport models to simulate the vertical structure of the N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>2</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> species in the mid-latitude stratosphere

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1599-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Berthet ◽  
N. Huret ◽  
F. Lefèvre ◽  
G. Moreau ◽  
C. Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Dimensional Version ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In this paper we study the impact of the modelling of N2O on the simulation of NO2 and HNO3 by comparing in situ vertical profiles measured at mid-latitudes with the results of the Reprobus 3-D CTM (Three-dimensional Chemical Transport Model) computed with the kinetic parameters from the JPL recommendation in 2002. The analysis of the measured in situ profile of N2O shows particular features indicating different air mass origins. The measured N2O, NO2 and HNO3 profiles are not satisfyingly reproduced by the CTM when computed using the current 6-hourly ECMWF operational analysis. Improving the simulation of N2O transport allows us to calculate quantities of NO2 and HNO3 in reasonable agreement with observations. This is achieved using 3-hourly winds obtained from ECMWF forecasts. The best agreement is obtained by constraining a one-dimensional version of the model with the observed N2O. This study shows that the modelling of the NOy partitioning with better accuracy relies at least on a correct simulation of N2O and thus of total NOy.

Air quality forecasting system based on chemical transport models

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 203-218
Author(s):  
I.N. Kusnetsova ◽  
◽  
I.U. Shalygina ◽  
M.I. Nahaev ◽  
U.V. Tkacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Air Quality Forecasting

Machine learning based bias correction for numerical chemical transport models

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 118022
Author(s):  
Min Xu ◽  
Jianbing Jin ◽  
Guoqiang Wang ◽  
Arjo Segers ◽  
Tuo Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Bias Correction ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Chemical Transport Models

scholarly journals Skill-Testing Chemical Transport Models across Contrasting Atmospheric Mixing States Using Radon-222

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Chambers ◽  
Elise-Andree Guérette ◽  
Khalia Monk ◽  
Alan D. Griffiths ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
Model Skill ◽  
Chemical Transport Models

We propose a new technique to prepare statistically-robust benchmarking data for evaluating chemical transport model meteorology and air quality parameters within the urban boundary layer. The approach employs atmospheric class-typing, using nocturnal radon measurements to assign atmospheric mixing classes, and can be applied temporally (across the diurnal cycle), or spatially (to create angular distributions of pollutants as a top-down constraint on emissions inventories). In this study only a short (&lt;1-month) campaign is used, but grouping of the relative mixing classes based on nocturnal mean radon concentrations can be adjusted according to dataset length (i.e., number of days per category), or desired range of within-class variability. Calculating hourly distributions of observed and simulated values across diurnal composites of each class-type helps to: (i) bridge the gap between scales of simulation and observation, (ii) represent the variability associated with spatial and temporal heterogeneity of sources and meteorology without being confused by it, and (iii) provide an objective way to group results over whole diurnal cycles that separates &lsquo;natural complicating factors&rsquo; (synoptic non-stationarity, rainfall, mesoscale motions, extreme stability, etc.) from problems related to parameterizations, or between-model differences. We demonstrate the utility of this technique using output from a suite of seven contemporary regional forecast and chemical transport models. Meteorological model skill varied across the diurnal cycle for all models, with an additional dependence on the atmospheric mixing class that varied between models. From an air quality perspective, model skill regarding the duration and magnitude of morning and evening &ldquo;rush hour&rdquo; pollution events varied strongly as a function of mixing class. Model skill was typically the lowest when public exposure would have been the highest, which has important implications for assessing potential health risks in new and rapidly evolving urban regions, and also for prioritizing the areas of model improvement for future applications.

scholarly journals Tropical troposphere to stratosphere transport of carbon monoxide and long-lived trace species in the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 5087-5139 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pommrich ◽  
R. Müller ◽  
J.-U. Grooß ◽  
P. Konopka ◽  
F. Ploeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Model Version ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. Variations in the mixing ratio of trace gases of tropospheric origin entering the stratosphere in the tropics are of interest for assessing both troposphere to stratosphere transport fluxes in the tropics and the impact of these transport fluxes on the composition of the tropical lower stratosphere. Anomaly patterns of carbon monoxide (CO) and long-lived tracers in the lower tropical stratosphere allow conclusions about the rate and the variability of tropical upwelling to be drawn. Here, we present a simplified chemistry scheme for the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) for the simulation, at comparatively low numerical cost, of CO, ozone, and long-lived trace substances (CH4, N2O, CCl3F (CFC-11), CCl2F2 (CFC-12), and CO2) in the lower tropical stratosphere. For the long-lived trace substances, the boundary conditions at the surface are prescribed based on ground-based measurements in the lowest model level. The boundary condition for CO in the free troposphere is deduced from MOPITT measurements (at &amp;approx; 700–200 hPa). Due to the lack of a specific representation of mixing and convective uplift in the troposphere in this model version, enhanced CO values, in particular those resulting from convective outflow are underestimated. However, in the tropical tropopause layer and the lower tropical stratosphere, there is relatively good agreement of simulated CO with in-situ measurements (with the exception of the TROCCINOX campaign, where CO in the simulation is biased low &amp;approx; 10–20 ppbv). Further, the model results are of sufficient quality to describe large scale anomaly patterns of CO in the lower stratosphere. In particular, the zonally averaged tropical CO anomaly patterns (the so called "tape recorder" patterns) simulated by this model version of CLaMS are in good agreement with observations. The simulations show a too rapid upwelling compared to observations as a consequence of the overestimated vertical velocities in the ERA-interim reanalysis data set. Moreover, the simulated tropical anomaly patterns of N2O are in good agreement with observations. In the simulations, anomaly patterns for CH4 and CFC-11 were found to be consistent with those of N2O; for all long-lived tracers, positive anomalies are simulated because of the enhanced tropical upwelling in the easterly phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation.

scholarly journals The STRatospheric Estimation Algorithm from Mainz (STREAM): estimating stratospheric NO<sub>2</sub> from nadir-viewing satellites by weighted convolution

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2753-2779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Beirle ◽  
Christoph Hörmann ◽  
Patrick Jöckel ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
Marloes Penning de Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Verification Algorithm ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Total Column

Abstract. The STRatospheric Estimation Algorithm from Mainz (STREAM) determines stratospheric columns of NO2 which are needed for the retrieval of tropospheric columns from satellite observations. It is based on the total column measurements over clean, remote regions as well as over clouded scenes where the tropospheric column is effectively shielded. The contribution of individual satellite measurements to the stratospheric estimate is controlled by various weighting factors. STREAM is a flexible and robust algorithm and does not require input from chemical transport models. It was developed as a verification algorithm for the upcoming satellite instrument TROPOMI, as a complement to the operational stratospheric correction based on data assimilation. STREAM was successfully applied to the UV/vis satellite instruments GOME 1/2, SCIAMACHY, and OMI. It overcomes some of the artifacts of previous algorithms, as it is capable of reproducing gradients of stratospheric NO2, e.g., related to the polar vortex, and reduces interpolation errors over continents. Based on synthetic input data, the uncertainty of STREAM was quantified as about 0.1–0.2 × 1015 molecules cm−2, in accordance with the typical deviations between stratospheric estimates from different algorithms compared in this study.

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