scholarly journals Contributions of different anthropogenic volatile organic compound sources to ozone formation at a receptor site in the Pearl River Delta region and its policy implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 8801-8816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoran He ◽  
Xuemei Wang ◽  
Zhenhao Ling ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Hai Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Receptor Site ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Photochemical Pollution ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
The Pearl River

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key precursors of photochemical smog. Quantitatively evaluating the contributions of VOC sources to ozone (O3) formation could provide valuable information for emissions control and photochemical pollution abatement. This study analyzed continuous measurements of VOCs during the photochemical season in 2014 at a receptor site (Heshan site, HS) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, where photochemical pollution has been a long-standing issue. The averaged mixing ratio of measured VOCs was 34±3 ppbv, with the largest contribution from alkanes (17±2 ppbv, 49 %), followed by aromatics, alkenes and acetylene. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was applied to resolve the anthropogenic sources of VOCs, coupled with a photochemical-age-based parameterization that better considers the photochemical processing effects. Four anthropogenic emission sources were identified and quantified, with gasoline vehicular emission as the most significant contributor to the observed VOCs, followed by diesel vehicular emissions, biomass burning and solvent usage. The O3 photochemical formation regime at the HS was identified as VOC-limited by a photochemical box model with the master chemical mechanism (PBM-MCM). The PBM-MCM model results also suggested that vehicular emission was the most important source to the O3 formation, followed by biomass burning and solvent usage. Sensitivity analysis indicated that combined VOC and NOx emission controls would effectively reduce incremental O3 formation when the ratios of VOC-to-NOx emission reductions were > 3.8 for diesel vehicular emission, > 4.6 for solvent usage, > 4.6 for biomass burning and 3.3 for gasoline vehicular emission. Based on the above results, a brief review of the policies regarding the control of vehicular emissions and biomass burning in the PRD region from a regional perspective were also provided in this study. It reveals that different policies have been, and continue to be, implemented and formulated and could help to alleviate the photochemical pollution in the PRD region. Nevertheless, evaluation of the cost-benefit of each policy is still needed to improve air quality.

scholarly journals Contributions of different anthropogenic volatile organic compound sources to ozone formation at a receptor site in the Pearl River Delta region and its policy implications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoran He ◽  
Xuemei Wang ◽  
Zhenhao Ling ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Hai Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Receptor Site ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Photochemical Pollution ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
The Pearl River

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key precursors of photochemical smog. Quantitatively evaluating the contributions of VOCs sources to ozone (O3) formation could provide valuable information for emissions control and photochemical pollution abatement. This study analysed the continuously measured VOCs during the photochemical season in 2014 at a receptor site (Heshan site, HS) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, where photochemical pollution has been a long-standing issue. The averaged mixing ratio of measure VOCs was 34 ± 3 ppbv, with the largest contribution from alkanes (17 ± 2 ppbv, 49 %), followed by aromatics, alkenes, and acetylene. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was applied to resolve the anthropogenic sources of VOCs, coupled with a photochemical-aged-based parameterization that better considers the photochemical processing effects. Four anthropogenic emission sources were identified and quantified, with gasoline vehicular emission as the most significant contributor to the observed VOCs, followed by diesel vehicular emissions, biomass burning, and solvent usage. The O3 photochemical formation regime at HS was identified as VOCs-limited by a photochemical box model with the master chemical mechanism (PBM-MCM). The PBM-MCM model results also suggested that vehicular emission was the most important source to the O3 formation, followed by biomass burning and solvent usage. Sensitivity analysis indicated that in order to prevent the increment of O3 concentration, the abatement ratios of the individual VOC source vs. NOx should be higher than 3.8, 4.6, 4.6, and 3.3, respectively, for diesel vehicular emission, solvent usage, biomass burning, and gasoline vehicular emission, respectively. Based on the above results, a brief review on the policies on the controlling of vehicular emissions and biomass burning in the PRD region from a regional perspective were also provided in this study. It reveals that different policies have been/being implemented and formulated could help to alleviate the photochemical pollution in the PRD. Nevertheless, evaluation on the cost-benefit of each policy is still needed to improve the air quality.

Biomass Burning Contributions to Ambient VOCs Species at a Receptor Site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 4577-4582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yuan ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Min Shao ◽  
Sihua Lu ◽  
David G. Streets
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Receptor Site ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
The Pearl River

scholarly journals Exploration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> sources on the regional scale in the Pearl River Delta based on ME-2 modeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 11563-11580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Feng Huang ◽  
Bei-Bing Zou ◽  
Ling-Yan He ◽  
Min Hu ◽  
André S. H. Prévôt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
The Pearl River

Abstract. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) of China, which has a population of more than 58 million people, is one of the largest agglomerations of cities in the world and had severe PM2.5 pollution at the beginning of this century. Due to the implementation of strong pollution control in recent decades, PM2.5 in the PRD has continuously decreased to relatively lower levels in China. To comprehensively understand the current PM2.5 sources in the PRD to support future air pollution control strategies in similar regions, we performed regional-scale PM2.5 field observations coupled with a state-of-the-art source apportionment model at six sites in four seasons in 2015. The regional annual average PM2.5 concentration based on the 4-month sampling was determined to be 37 µg m−3, which is still more than 3 times the WHO standard, with organic matter (36.9 %) and SO42- (23.6 %) as the most abundant species. A novel multilinear engine (ME-2) model was first applied to a comprehensive PM2.5 chemical dataset to perform source apportionment with predetermined constraints, producing more environmentally meaningful results compared to those obtained using traditional positive matrix factorization (PMF) modeling. The regional annual average PM2.5 source structure in the PRD was retrieved to be secondary sulfate (21 %), vehicle emissions (14 %), industrial emissions (13 %), secondary nitrate (11 %), biomass burning (11 %), secondary organic aerosol (SOA, 7 %), coal burning (6 %), fugitive dust (5 %), ship emissions (3 %) and aged sea salt (2 %). Analyzing the spatial distribution of PM2.5 sources under different weather conditions clearly identified the central PRD area as the key emission area for SO2, NOx, coal burning, biomass burning, industrial emissions and vehicle emissions. It was further estimated that under the polluted northerly air flow in winter, local emissions in the central PRD area accounted for approximately 45 % of the total PM2.5, with secondary nitrate and biomass burning being most abundant; in contrast, the regional transport from outside the PRD accounted for more than half of PM2.5, with secondary sulfate representing the most abundant transported species.

scholarly journals Hotspot of Glyoxal Over the Pearl River Delta Seen from the OMI Satellite Instrument: Implications for Emissions of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Chan Miller ◽  
Daniel J. Jacob ◽  
Gonzalo González Abad ◽  
Kelly Chance
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Southern China ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Emission Inventories ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
The Pearl River

Abstract. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) is a densely populated hub of industrial activity located in southern China. OMI satellite observations reveal a large hotspot of glyoxal (CHOCHO) over the PRD that is almost twice as large as any other in Asia. Formaldehyde (HCHO) and NO2 observed by OMI are also high in the PRD but no more than in other urban/industrial areas of China. The CHOCHO hotspot in the PRD can be explained by industrial paint and solvent emissions of aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with toluene being a dominant contributor. By contrast, HCHO in the PRD originates mostly from VOCs emitted by combustion (principally vehicles). By applying a plume transport model to wind-segregated OMI data, we show that the CHOCHO and HCHO enhancements over the PRD observed by OMI are consistent with current VOC emission inventories. Prior work using CHOCHO retrievals from the SCIAMACHY satellite instrument suggested that aromatic VOC emissions in the PRD were too low by a factor of 10-20; we attribute this result in part to bias in the SCIAMACHY data and in part to underestimated CHOCHO yields from oxidation of aromatics. Our work points to the importance of better understanding CHOCHO yields from the oxidation of aromatics in order to interpret CHOCHO observations from space.

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