Supplementary material to "Quantifying the contribution of anthropogenic influence to the East Asian winter monsoon in 1960–2012"

Abstract. The East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) is greatly influenced by many factors that can be classified as anthropogenic forcing and natural forcing. Here we explore the contribution of anthropogenic influence to the change in the EAWM over the past decades. Under all forcings observed during 1960–2013 (All-Hist run), the atmospheric general circulation model is able to reproduce the climatology and variability of the EAWM-related surface air temperature and 500 hPa geopotential height and shows a statistically significant decreasing EAWM intensity with a trend coefficient of ∼-0.04 yr−1, which is close to the observed trend. By contrast, the simulation, which is driven by the same forcing as the All-Hist run but with the anthropogenic contribution to them removed, shows no decreasing trend in the EAWM intensity. By comparing the simulations under two different forcing scenarios, we further reveal that the responses of the EAWM to the anthropogenic forcing include a rise of 0.6∘ in surface air temperature over East Asia as well as weakening of the East Asian trough, which may result from the poleward expansion and intensification of the East Asian jet forced by the change in temperature gradient in the troposphere. Additionally, compared with the simulation without anthropogenic forcing, the frequency of strong (weak) EAWM occurrence is reduced (increased) by 45 % (from 0 to 10/7). These results indicate that the weakening of the EAWM during 1960–2013 may be mainly attributed to the anthropogenic influence.

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Quantifying the contribution of anthropogenic influence to the East Asian winter monsoon in 1960–2012

10.5194/acp-2019-99 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Hao ◽

Shengping He ◽

Huijun Wang ◽

Tingting Han

Keyword(s):

East Asia ◽

Air Temperature ◽

General Circulation ◽

East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Surface Air Temperature ◽

Winter Monsoon ◽

Anthropogenic Influence ◽

Anthropogenic Forcing ◽

Asian Winter Monsoon

Abstract. The East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) can be greatly influenced by many factors that can be classified as anthropogenic forcing and natural forcing. Here we explore the contribution of anthropogenic influence to the change in the EAWM over the past decades. Under all forcings observed during 1960–2013 (All-Hist run), the atmospheric general circulation model is able to reproduce the climatology and variability of the EAWM-related surface air temperature and 500 hPa geopotential height, and shows a statistically significant decreasing EAWM intensity with a trend coefficient of ∼−0.04 yr−1 which is close to the observed trend. By contrast, the simulation, which is driven by the same forcing as All-Hist run but with the anthropogenic contribution to them removed, shows no decreasing trend in the EAWM intensity. By comparing the simulations under two different forcing scenarios, we further reveal that the responses of the EAWM to the anthropogenic forcing include a rise of 0.6 ° in surface air temperature over the East Asia as well as weakening of the East Asia trough, which may result from the poleward expansion and intensification of the East Asian jet forced by the change of temperature gradient in the troposphere. Additionally, compared with the simulation without anthropogenic forcing, the frequency of strong (weak) EAWM occurrence is reduced (increased) by 45 % (from 0 to 10/7). These results indicate that the weakening of the EAWM during 1960–2013 may be mainly attributed to the anthropogenic influence.

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Review of “quantifying the contribution of anthropogenic influence to the East Asian winter monsoon in 1960-2012”

10.5194/acp-2019-99-rc2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Anonymous

Keyword(s):

East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Winter Monsoon ◽

Anthropogenic Influence ◽

Asian Winter Monsoon

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Recent 7.3 ka mud records of the East Asian winter monsoon from the inner shelf of the East China Sea

Advances in Earth and Environmental Sciences ◽

10.2495/icesep131381 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

F. Xu ◽

G. Sun ◽

A. Li

Keyword(s):

East China Sea ◽

East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Winter Monsoon ◽

East China ◽

The East China Sea ◽

Inner Shelf ◽

China Sea ◽

Asian Winter Monsoon

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Influence of East Asian Winter Monsoon on Particulate Matter Pollution in Typical Regions of China

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118213 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 118213

Author(s):

L.I. Yanjun ◽

A.N. Xingqin ◽

Z.H.A.N.G. Peiqun ◽

Y.A.N.G. Jianling ◽

W.A.N.G. Chao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Winter Monsoon ◽

Asian Winter Monsoon ◽

Particulate Matter Pollution

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East Asian winter monsoon variation during the last 3000 years as recorded in a subtropical mountain lake, northeastern Taiwan

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/09596836211019094 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095968362110190

Author(s):

Tsai-Wen Lin ◽

Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr ◽

Kweku Afrifa Yamoah ◽

André Bahr ◽

George Burr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Winter Monsoon ◽

Mountain Lake ◽

Sediment Grain Size ◽

Global Monsoon ◽

Asian Winter Monsoon ◽

The Past ◽

Monsoon System

The East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM) is a fundamental part of the global monsoon system that affects nearly one-quarter of the world’s population. Robust paleoclimate reconstructions in East Asia are complicated by multiple sources of precipitation. These sources, such as the EAWM and typhoons, need to be disentangled in order to understand the dominant source of precipitation influencing the past and current climate. Taiwan, situated within the subtropical East Asian monsoon system, provides a unique opportunity to study monsoon and typhoon variability through time. Here we combine sediment trap data with down-core records from Cueifong Lake in northeastern Taiwan to reconstruct monsoonal rainfall fluctuations over the past 3000 years. The monthly collected grain-size data indicate that a decrease in sediment grain size reflects the strength of the EAWM. End member modelling analysis (EMMA) on sediment core and trap data reveals two dominant grain-size end-members (EMs), with the coarse EM 2 representing a robust indicator of EAWM strength. The downcore variations of EM 2 show a gradual decrease over the past 3000 years indicating a gradual strengthening of the EAWM, in agreement with other published EAWM records. This enhanced late-Holocene EAWM can be linked to the expansion of sea-ice cover in the western Arctic Ocean caused by decreased summer insolation.

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