Proposing a typology of nature-based solutions for strengthening resilience of Central Vietnamese cities – First findings from the GreenCityLabHue project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Scheuer ◽  
Jessica Jache ◽  
Kora Rösler ◽  
Tran Tuan Anh ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Tung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
The City

<p><em>Idea and Objectives:</em> This case study presents first findings of the GreenCityLabHue project. The project aims at implementing an urban learning lab in the city of Hue, Vietnam, for the participatory identification and implementation of innovative nature-based solutions for the protection and improvement of urban ecosystem services and climate change adaptation. We will present urgent environmental and societal challenges for the city of Hue, including the estimated impacts of climate change and resulting disaster risks. Subsequently, we will discuss elements of the green-blue infrastructure to tackle these risks in a sustainable and environmentally just manner in the context of a proposed typology of nature-based solutions. This typology specifically shifts the focus from a European perspective towards nature-based solutions that are locally relevant to strengthen the resilience of Hue and comparable cities in Central Vietnam and/or South-East Asia.</p><p><em>Background:</em> Vietnam is a country that faces multiple challenges. It is a country that experiences rapid urban growth, with an estimated 50% of citizens living in urban areas by 2030 up from 35%, resulting in urban expansion that necessitates safeguarding urban ecosystem services, e.g., for the protection of human health and human well-being. Vietnam is also heavily affected by climate change. Particularly in Central Vietnam, cities face increasing risks of flooding, storms, and temperature extremes.</p><p>By providing multifunctional ecosystem services and diverse benefits, nature-based solutions—and in particular green-blue infrastructure elements—may help to address the aforementioned environmental and societal challenges in a sustainable and integrative manner, e.g., for maintaining air quality, stormwater mitigation, climate regulation, and improving environmental equity.</p><p>Hue is the capital of the Thua Thien-Hue province, located in Central Vietnam on the banks of the Perfume River. It has a population of approximately half a million people, represents a touristic and educational hotspot, and is rated a “top priority city” by the Vietnamese government. In Hue, first steps that consider strengthening the green-blue infrastructure were devised in form of the Hue GrEEEn City Action Plan. However, a more holistic urban planning approach that also addresses challenges related to climate change is still lacking.</p>

Feasibility of Ecosystem Services Concept Implementation for Russian Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1398
Author(s):  
Liliia D. SULKARNAEVA
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article considers feasibility of ecosystem services assessment for Russian cities. The high significance of this study is determined by the assignment of the President of the Russian Federation to the Government of Russia to develop an action plan aimed at strengthening Russia's position for the formation of international environmental agenda and discussion of issues related to the creation of a system of compensation (payments) for ecosystem services, focusing at Russia’s position as an environmental donor (Pr-140GS, p.1 d, dated December 26, 2016), on the one hand, and implementation of the strategy for housing development for Russian Federation till 2015, on the other. In this paper, ecosystem services as both direct and indirect effects of ecosystems on the well-being of society are considered. The high relevance of the assessment of ecosystem and urban ecosystem services for Russian Federation is discussed. Adaptation of foreign methods for the Russian Federation is actualized. Various approaches to the classification of urban ecosystem services are considered, and a classification of urban environmental services for Russian cities is developed in accordance with Russian legislation. Foreign approaches for the assessment of the ecosystem service "Air Purification" are considered, and existing limitations for the application of these approaches in Russian cities are identified. Russian approaches for the regulation functions assessing of the urban ecosystems are analyzed: dust, gas purification by soils, urban green zones. Approaches for assessing of the need for the ecosystem service "Air Purification" in the city were analyzed. By the example of the "Air Purification" service determines the possibility of adapting approaches to the assessment of ecosystem services for Russian cities are shown.

Examining the Associations Between Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and the Potential Distribution of Four Urban Ecosystem Services in Rochester, NY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Greene ◽  
Kaitlin Stack Whitney ◽  
Karl Korfmacher
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Median Income ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ecological Resources ◽  
Loan Corporation ◽  
Block Groups ◽  
The City

As populations and the total area of impervious surfaces continue to grow in developed areas, planners and policy makers must consider how local ecological resources can be utilized to meet the needs and develop climate resilient and sustainable cities. Urban green spaces (UGS) have been identified as critical resources in improving the climate resiliency of cities and the quality of life for residents through the urban ecosystem services (UES) that they provide. However, certain communities within cities do not have uniform access to these UGS, and this may be due to historical legacies (i.e. redlining) and/or contemporary practices (i.e. urban planning). Therefore, we sought to determine if the supply of UES throughout the city of Rochester, NY is inequitably distributed. We assessed UES using geospatial analysis and literature-based coefficients to measure ecosystem services. We also assessed the distribution of socioeconomic status (SES), including contemporary demographic information (population density, household median income, homeownership percentages, race percentages, and median property value) and historic neighborhood assessment grades assigned by the HomeOwners Loan Corporation (HOLC), throughout the city. By looking at these two sets of data together, we considered the social-ecological conditions and spatial patterns throughout the city to determine if the supply of UES is correlated with SES distribution. We found that there are statistically significant positive correlations between the production of UES in block groups and the SES indicator homeownership percentages, and negative correlations with the percentage of the population that is Black and lower HOLC grades. Furthermore, clusters of block groups with significantly high levels of social need for urban greening projects and a low production of UES were found primarily in the city’s downtown area and the neighborhoods directly surrounding it. This information provides a useful framework for city planners and policy makers to identify where UGS development needs to be prioritized as well how the supply of UES in the city is inequitably distributed.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Urban Tree Cover for Urban Ecosystem Services - The Case of Leipzig, Germany

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-7/W3 ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Banzhaf ◽  
H. Kollai
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services ◽  
Analysis Scheme ◽  
German Cities ◽  
The City

Urban dynamics such as (extreme) growth and shrinkage bring about fundamental challenges for urban land use and related changes. In order to achieve a sustainable urban development, it is crucial to monitor urban green infrastructure at microscale level as it provides various urban ecosystem services in neighbourhoods, supporting quality of life and environmental health. We monitor urban trees by means of a multiple data set to get a detailed knowledge on its distribution and change over a decade for the entire city. We have digital orthophotos, a digital elevation model and a digital surface model. The refined knowledge on the absolute height above ground helps to differentiate tree tops. Grounded on an object-based image analysis scheme a detailed mapping of trees in an urbanized environment is processed. Results show high accuracy of tree detection and avoidance of misclassification due to shadows. The study area is the City of Leipzig, Germany. One of the leading German cities, it is home to contiguous community allotments that characterize the configuration of the city. Leipzig has one of the most well-preserved floodplain forests in Europe.

scholarly journals Urban Ecosystem Services (UES) Assessment within a 3D-Virtual Environment: A Methodological Approach for the Larger Urban Zones (LUZ) of Naples (Italy)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cerreta ◽  
Roberta Mele ◽  
Giuliano Poli
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services ◽  
3D Virtual Environment

The complexity of urban spatial configuration, which affects human-well being and landscape functioning, needs acquisition and 3d visualisation data to inform decision-making process better. One of the main challenges in sustainability research is to conceive spatial models which are capable of adapting to changes in scale and recalibrating the related indicators depending on the degree of detail and data availability. In this perspective, the inclusion of the third dimension into Urban Ecosystem Services (UES) assessment studies highlights the details of urban structure-function relationships, improves modelling and visualisation of data and impacts, aiding decision-makers to localise, assess and manage urban development strategies. The main goal of the proposed framework concerns mapping, evaluating and planning of the UES within a 3d-virtual environment to improve the visualisation of the spatial relationships among the services allocation and the urban fabric density.

Systematic Review on Urban Ecosystem Services in South-East Asia: Asean Countries

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 256-266
Author(s):  
Nur Shazwanie Rosehan ◽  
◽  
Azlan Abas ◽  
Kadaruddin Aiyub ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services ◽  
Climate Regulation ◽  
Flood Regulation ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
The Right

Urban ecosystem services refer to all the benefits of nature especially to the urban community and economy for maintaining human well-being. This concept links to the economic, community and environmental aspects and shows how nature conservation is important for human and economic principles. However, the view of urban ecosystem services assessment based on essential categories with current urban development is provided. So, this paper reviews the aim to analyze the types and assessing the categories of urban ecosystem services and the methodological used in ASEAN countries. Furthermore, understanding studies about urban ecosystem services are important in long-term studies for monitoring purpose. As a result, 8 out of 10 ASEAN countries excluding Laos and Brunei have studied urban ecosystem services. In this context, the result also shows the most studies specify the significance of the ecosystem services given by the urban as regulating (waste absorption, climate regulation, water purification, flood regulation, and disease control) and followed by cultural (tranquility, social relations, and recreation). Thus, exploring urban ecosystem interaction in current ASEAN countries may have added benefits in terms of improving the urban ecosystem services to streamline the urban area planning. Finally, we conclude that all the ASEAN countries should play an important role to make sure the countries maintain sustainable and more livable with the right policies and guidelines like can fit in Paris Agreement especially in Climate Strategies and plans.

scholarly journals A Guide to Public Green Space Planning for Urban Ecosystem Services

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Elderbrock ◽  
Chris Enright ◽  
Kathryn A. Lynch ◽  
Alexandra R. Rempel
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Straightforward Method ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Public Green Space

Street trees, native plantings, bioswales, and other forms of green infrastructure alleviate urban air and water pollution, diminish flooding vulnerability, support pollinators, and provide other benefits critical to human well-being. Urban planners increasingly value such urban ecosystem services (ES), and effective methods for deciding among alternative planting regimes using urban ES criteria are under active development. In this effort, integrating stakeholder values and concerns with quantitative urban ES assessments is a central challenge; although it is widely recommended, specific approaches have yet to be explored. Here, we develop, apply, and evaluate such a method in the Friendly Area Neighborhood of Eugene, Oregon by investigating the potential for increased urban ES through the conversion of public lawn to alternative planting regimes that align with expressed stakeholder priorities. We first estimated current urban ES from green space mapping and published supply rates, finding lawn cover and associated ES to be dominant. Resident and expert priorities were then revealed through surveys and Delphi analyses; top priorities included air quality, stormwater quality, native plantings, and pollinator habitat, while concerns focused on cost and safety. Unexpectedly, most residents expressed a willingness to support urban ES improvements financially. This evidence then informed the development of planting regime alternatives among which we compared achievable future urban ES delivery, revealing clear differences among those that maximized stakeholder priorities, those that maximized quantitative urban ES delivery, and their integration. The resulting contribution is a straightforward method for identifying planting regimes with a high likelihood of success in delivering desired urban ES in specific local contexts.

scholarly journals Planning of Urban Green Spaces: An Ecological Perspective on Human Benefits

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Teodoro Semeraro ◽  
Aurelia Scarano ◽  
Riccardo Buccolieri ◽  
Angelo Santino ◽  
Eeva Aarrevaara
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces

In the context of urban land-use growth and the consequent impacts on the environment, green spaces provide ecosystem services for human health. The ecosystem services concept synthesises human–environmental interactions through a series of combined components of biodiversity and abiotic elements, linking ecological processes and functions. The concept of green infrastructure (GI) in the urban context emphasises the quality and quantity of urban and peri-urban green spaces and natural areas. In dense urban contexts, the applications of GI are limited and not applied to the potential urban spaces such as roofs and gardens. Often, roofs are characterised by impermeable paved surfaces with negative effects on human well-being, whereas garden designs do not consider social needs and environmental interactions. The role of urban stressors or the urban context as a driving force or pressure of urban green space is not always well understood and employed in the planning of green spaces. This is partly due to a knowledge gap between different science disciplines that operate on different scales, from single processes of the plants (which focus on plant responses to environmental stresses affecting human well-being) to urban ecosystems (which focus on the biodiversity and urban space planning–human well-being relationship). This can create a paradox, as green spaces that are not adequately designed might not produce the expected effects. In this paper, an overview of benefits and limitations of applying the ecosystem services approach when designing green spaces is presented. The focus is on the main urban ecosystem services provided by green roofs and community gardens such as GI that can represent strategies to provide ecological and social multifunctionality to waterproofed surfaces connected to the buildings and low-exploited gardens being the main areas that affect dense urban settlements, and thus, increasing the ecosystem services in the urban environment, such as reducing the Urban Heat Island, as well as flooding events. Specifically, the paper highlights (i) feedback between ecological processes and functions that support ecosystem services, (ii) urban environmental stresses in relation to disservices that these can create for human well-being and (iii) key issues that should be considered in the planning and design of urban ecosystem services. Such a new vision of urban ecosystem services highlights the need to look at GI as an active part of the urban space design in the built environment.

The impacts of land use/land cover changes on the supply-demand budget of urban ecosystem services

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Atif Bokhari ◽  
Zafeer Saqib ◽  
Amjad Ali ◽  
Arif Mahmud ◽  
Nadia Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services
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