Variability of nitrogen oxide lifetimes and emission fluxes estimated by Sentinel-5P observations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kezia Lange ◽  
Andreas Richter ◽  
John P. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Wind Data ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Emission Fluxes ◽  
Global Coverage

<p>Satellite observations of the high-resolution instrument TROPOMI on Sentinel-5P make it possible to measure nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) at city level and even to quantify the variability of NO<sub>x</sub> emissions and lifetimes on a seasonal and daily basis.<br>NO<sub>2</sub> is an air pollutant and especially in cities of particular importance due to the large number and strength of emission sources in combination with people living nearby exposing their health to the polluted air. To quantify nitrogen oxide emissions and lifetimes with their variability in space and time, satellite data is especially suited as it provides daily global coverage and large number of measurements. The TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on Sentinel-5P, launched in October 2017, provides, thanks to its higher spatial resolution when compared to previous satellite instruments, the possibility of detailed investigations on lifetimes and emissions of air pollutants.<br>Two years of TROPOMI NO<sub>2</sub> data with a spatial resolution of up to 3.5 km x 5.5 km together with ECMWF ERA5 wind data are analyzed. The NO<sub>2 </sub>data around a source is linked to the ERA5 wind data and rotated to a uniform wind direction to get clear emission patterns. Out of these two-dimensional maps of the mean NO<sub>2</sub> distribution, one dimensional line densities are calculated by integration across wind direction. Lifetimes and emission fluxes are calculated for different NO<sub>x</sub> sources such as cities and power plants distributed over the world. They are compared among each other and to bottom-up emission inventories. Seasonal variability and weekday versus weekend effects in lifetimes and emissions are discussed.</p>

scholarly journals Variability of nitrogen oxide emission fluxes and lifetimes estimated from Sentinel-5P TROPOMI observations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kezia Lange ◽  
Andreas Richter ◽  
John Philip Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Latitudinal Dependence ◽  
Emission Fluxes ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Seasonal Dependence ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. Satellite observations of the high-resolution instrument TROPOMI on Sentinel-5 Precursor can be used to observe nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at city scales, to quantify short time variability of NOx emissions and lifetime on a seasonal and daily basis. In this study, two years of TROPOMI NO2 data, having a spatial resolution of 3.5 km x 5.5 km, together with ECMWF ERA5 wind data have been analyzed. NOx lifetimes and emission fluxes are calculated for 45 different NOx sources comprising cities and power plants, distributed around the world. The retrieved emissions are lower than the bottom-up emission inventories from EDGAR v5.0 but are in good agreement with other TROPOMI based estimates. Separation into seasons shows a clear seasonal dependence of emissions with in general the highest emissions during winter, except for cities in hot dessert climates, where the opposite is found. The NOx lifetime shows a systematic latitudinal dependence with an increase in lifetime from two to eight hours with latitude but only a weak seasonal dependence. For most of the 45 sources, a clear weekly pattern of emissions is found with weekend-to-week day ratios of up to 0.5, but with a high variability for the different locations. During the Covid-19 lockdown period in 2020 strong reductions in the NOx emissions were observed for New Delhi, Buenos Aires and Madrid.

scholarly journals Methods for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions in steam generators of thermal power plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
A. Plevako ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions

Main problem: Ensuring environmental safety of thermal power plants by reducing emissions of harmful substances, in particular nitrogen oxides. When all types of fossil fuel, including solid fuel, are burned, nitrogen oxides are formed in the boilers of TPPs. The sources of their formation are air nitrogen and nitrogen- containing components of the organic matter of the fuel. As you know, they adversely affect the health of humans, plants and animals. Therefore, it became necessary to consider and analyze methods to reduce these emissions. Purpose: To review and analyze various ways to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions and propose a new scheme for reducing these emissions by recirculating flue gases. Methods: This is achieved due to the fact that in the known method for purifying the flue gases of steam generators from nitrogen oxides by lowering the temperature in the furnace of the steam generator by supplying flue gases with a temperature below the temperature in the furnace of the steam generator, it is proposed that the flue gases be fed into the furnace of the steam generator after ash cleaning. At the same time, as a result of the supply of recirculated gas cooled after filtering and passing through the main smoke exhauster into the combustion chamber, having a temperature of 110-170 °C, in comparison with the initial version, a greater decrease in temperature in the furnace of the steam generator occurs, which in turn leads to a decrease in the flue gases of oxides nitrogen, since the chemical reaction of their formation goes with the absorption of heat. Results and their importance: The technical result at the proposed method of cleaning from nitrogen oxides is to reduce the consumption of electricity by eliminating the collateral wear of the recirculation gas duct, due to the cleaning of time gases from ash (a requirement of the rules of technical operation of PTE).

scholarly journals Pinpointing nitrogen oxide emissions from space

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. eaax9800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Beirle ◽  
Christian Borger ◽  
Steffen Dörner ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Zhaokun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Horizontal Transport ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Satellite observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) provide valuable information on the location and strength of NOx emissions, but spatial resolution is limited by horizontal transport and smearing of temporal averages due to changing wind fields. In this study, we map NOx emissions on high spatial resolution from TROPOMI observations of NO2 combined with wind fields based on the continuity equation. The divergence of horizontal fluxes proves to be highly sensitive for point sources like exhaust stacks. Thus, NOx emissions from individual power plants can be resolved and quantified even on top of considerably high urban pollution from the Saudi Arabian capital city Riyadh. This allows us to catalog NOx emissions from large point sources globally, as demonstrated for South Africa and Germany, with a detection limit of about 0.11 kg/s down to 0.03 kg/s for ideal conditions.

scholarly journals Lowering Nitrogen Oxide Emissions in a Coal-Powered 1000-MW Boiler

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Chen ◽  
Haiyang Zhang ◽  
Hongwu Qin
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Grey Wolf ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Grey Wolf Optimization ◽  
Model Accuracy ◽  
Simulation Results

Burning of coal in power plants produces excessive nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, which endanger people’s health. Proven and effective methods are highly needed to reduce NOx emissions. This paper constructs an echo state network (ESN) model of the interaction between NOx emissions and the operational parameters in terms of real historical data. The grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm is employed to improve the ESN model accuracy. The operational parameters are subsequently optimized via the GWO algorithm to finally cut down the NOx emissions. The experimental results show that the ESN model of the NOx emissions is more accurate than both of the LSTM and ELM models. The simulation results show NOx emission reduction in three selected cases by 16.5%, 15.6%, and 10.2%, respectively.

scholarly journals Investigating Theoretical PV Energy Generation Patterns with Their Relation to the Power Load Curve in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Jurasz ◽  
Jerzy Mikulik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Fuel Feed ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Gross Energy

Polish energy sector is (almost from its origin) dominated by fossil fuel feed power. This situation results from an abundance of relatively cheap coal (hard and lignite). Brown coal due to its nature is the cheapest energy source in Poland. However, hard coal which fuels 60% of polish power plants is picking up on prices and is susceptible to the coal imported from neighboring countries. Forced by the European Union (EU) regulations, Poland is struggling at achieving its goal of reaching 15% of energy consumption from renewable energy sources (RES) by 2020. Over the year 2015, RES covered 11.3% of gross energy consumption but this generation was dominated by solid biomass (over 80%). The aim of this paper was to answer the following research questions: What is the relation of irradiation values to the power load on a yearly and daily basis? and how should photovoltaics (PV) be integrated in the polish power system? Conducted analysis allowed us to state that there exists a negative correlation between power demand and irradiation values on a yearly basis, but this is likely to change in the future. Secondly, on average, daily values of irradiation tend to follow power load curve over the first hours of the day.

EFFECTS OF WOODY VEGETATION ENCROACHMENT ON SOIL NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSIONS IN A TEMPERATE SAVANNA

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta E. Martin ◽  
Gregory P. Asner ◽  
R. James Ansley ◽  
Arvin R. Mosier
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Woody Vegetation ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Vegetation Encroachment

Numerical Investigation of Thermal Flow Field of Air-Cooled Condensers for Yongshou Plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 391-394
Author(s):  
Wen Zhou Yan ◽  
Wan Li Zhao ◽  
Qiu Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Flow ◽  
Air Cooled Condensers

By using the computational fluid dynamics code, FLUENT, Numerically simulation is investigated for Youngshou power plant. Under the constant ambient temperature, the effects of different wind speed and wind direction on the thermal flow field are qualitatively considered. It was found that when considering about the existing and normally operating power plants, the thermal flow field is more sensitive to wind direction and wind speed. Based on the above results, three improved measures such as: increasing the wind-wall height and accelerating the rotational speed of the fans near the edge of the ACC platform and lengthen or widen the platform are developed to effectively improving the thermal flow field, and enhanced the heat dispersal of ACC.

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