S+ Implantation in Oxide Ices: Relevance to Europa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan V. Mifsud ◽  
Zuzana Kaňuchová ◽  
Péter Herczku ◽  
Zoltán Juhász ◽  
Sándor T. S. Kovács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Fluence ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Galilean Moons ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Galilean Moons Of Jupiter

<p>The implantation of reactive charged species within low-temperature solids is relevant to astrochemistry and may lead to physico-chemical changes within the solid, such as the formation of new molecules which incorporate the projectile. We have performed the high-fluence (>10<sup>16</sup> ions cm<sup>–2</sup>) implantation of S<sup>+</sup> into CO, CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O ices at 20 and 70 K. Our results show that implantation into CO and CO<sub>2</sub> results in the formation of SO<sub>2</sub> at 20 K, although no evidence of SO<sub>2</sub> was observed at 70 K. Implantation into H<sub>2</sub>O yields H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> hydrates. These results are applicable to Europa; one of the Galilean moons of Jupiter.</p>

Ground-based observations of the [SII] 6731 Å emission lines of the Io plasma torus

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S328) ◽  
pp. 227-229
Author(s):  
P. Magalhães Fabíola ◽  
Walter Gonzalez ◽  
Ezequiel Echer ◽  
Mariza P. Souza-Echer ◽  
Rosaly Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charged Particles ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
Solar Telescope ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Active Object ◽  
Oxygen Ions ◽  
Galilean Moons ◽  
Plasma Torus ◽  
Io Plasma Torus ◽  
Galilean Moons Of Jupiter

AbstractThe Io Plasma Torus (IPT) is a doughnut-shaped structure of charged particles, composed mainly of sulfur and oxygen ions. The main source of the IPT is the moon Io, the most volcanically active object in the Solar System. Io is the innermost of the Galilean moons of Jupiter, the main source of the magnetospheric plasma and responsible for injecting nearly 1 ton/s of ions into Jupiter's magnetosphere. In this work ground-based observations of the [SII] 6731 Å emission lines are observed, obtained at the MacMath-Pierce Solar Telescope. The results shown here were obtained in late 1997 and occurred shortly after a period of important eruptions observed by the Galileo mission (1996-2003). Several outbursts were observed and periods of intense volcanic activity are important to correlate with periods of brightness enhancements observed at the IPT. The time of response between an eruption and enhancement at IPT is still not well understood.

scholarly journals Alkali roasting of bomar ilmenite: rare earths recovery and physico-chemical changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Sanchez-Segado ◽  
Abhishek Lahiri ◽  
Animesh Jha
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earths ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Physico Chemical

AbstractIn this work, the alkali roasting of ilmenite (FeTiO

Switching selectivity of carboxylic acids and associated physico-chemical changes with pH during electrodialysis of ternary mixtures

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 327-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha Chandra ◽  
Jogi Ganesh Dattatreya Tadimeti ◽  
E. Bhuvanesh ◽  
Darshak Pathiwada ◽  
Sujay Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Physico Chemical

scholarly journals Induction of the synthesis of an additional family of long-chain dolichols in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Effect of starvation and ageing.

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Szkopinska ◽  
Ewa Swiezewska ◽  
Joanna Rytka
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Cellular Membranes ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Long Chain

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain W303 synthesizes in the early logarithmic phase of growth dolichols of 14-18 isoprene residues. The analysis of the polyisoprenoids present in the stationary phase revealed an additional family which proved to be also dolichols but of 19-24 isoprene residues, constituting 39% of the total dolichols. The transfer of early logarithmic phase cells to a starvation medium lacking glucose or nitrogen resulted in the synthesis of the longer chain dolichols. The additional family of dolichols represented 13.8% and 10.3% of total dolichols in the glucose and nitrogen deficient media, respectively. The level of dolichols in yeast cells increased with the age of the cultures. Since both families of dolichols are present in stationary phase cells we postulate that the longer chain dolichols may be responsible for the physico-chemical changes in cellular membranes allowing yeast cells to adapt to nutrient deficient conditions to maintain long-term viability.

Efficient Assessment of Physico-Chemical Properties of the Cryolite Melts for Research on the Improvement of Low-Temperature Aluminum Electrolysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 839-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Lebedev ◽  
Andrey A. Shoppert
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Electrolysis ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Potassium Cryolite ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Hazardous Production ◽  
High Level

Modern aluminum electrolysis in cryolite-alumina melts is energy-intensive, inefficient and environmentally hazardous production. Addressing these significant shortcomings, the technology of low-temperature electrolyte is directed. The basis of low-temperature electrolysis is potassium cryolite, which results in high magnitude and rate of dissolution of alumina. Additive of sodium and lithium fluorides provide the necessary conductivity. Experimental investigation of these properties is extremely time consuming. In this work, as a parameter, which will allow to characterize effectively and rapidly the complexing ability of cryolite melts, the ratio of cationic ion power of Al3+ to the total power of the other cations of the melt is proposed. Regression analyses of the known experimental data establish the existence with a high level of reliability (R2=0.966-0.995) of a directly proportional dependence of this parameter on solubility of alumina and electrical conductivity of cryolite melts.

scholarly journals Research on Physico-Chemical Properties of Diethyl Ether/Linseed Oil Blends for the Use as Fuel in Diesel Engines

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6564
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Górski ◽  
Ruslans Smigins ◽  
Rafał Longwic
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Physico Chemical

Physico-chemical properties of diethyl ether/linseed oil (DEE/LO) fuel blends were empirically tested in this article for the first time. In particular, kinematic viscosity (ν), density (ρ), lower heating value (LHV), cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and surface tension (σ) were examined. For this research diethyl ether (DEE) was blended with linseed oil (LO) in volumetric ratios of 10%, 20% and 30%. Obtained results were compared with literature data of diethyl ether/rapeseed oil (DEE/RO) fuel blends get in previous research in such a way looking on differences also between oil types. It was found that DEE impacts significantly on the reduction of plant oil viscosity, density and surface tension and improve low temperature properties of tested oils. In particular, the addition of 10% DEE to LO effectively reduces its kinematic viscosity by 53% and even by 82% for the blend containing 30% DEE. Tested ether reduces density and surface tension of LO up to 6% and 25% respectively for the blends containing 30% DEE. The measurements of the CFPP showed that DEE significantly improves the low temperature properties of LO. In the case of the blend containing 30% DEE the CFPP can be lowered up to −24 °C. For this reason DEE/LO blends seem to be valuable as a fuel for diesel engines in the coldest season of the year. Moreover, DEE/LO blends have been tested in the engine research. Based on results it can be stated that the engine operated with LO results in worse performance compared with regular diesel fuel (DF). However, it was found that these disadvantages could be reduced with DEE as a component of the fuel mixture. Addition of this ether to LO improves the quality of obtained fuel blends. For this reason, the efficiency of DEE/LO blend combustion process is similar for the engine fuelled with regular diesel fuel. In this research it was confirmed that the smoke opacity reaches the highest value for the engine fuelled with plant oils. However, addition of 20% DEE reduces this emission to the value comparable for the engine operated with diesel fuel.

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