AUTOMATIC TEXTURE RECONSTRUCTION OF 3D CITY MODEL FROM OBLIQUE IMAGES

In recent years, the photorealistic 3D city models are increasingly important in various geospatial applications related to virtual city tourism, 3D GIS, urban planning, real-estate management. Besides the acquisition of high-precision 3D geometric data, texture reconstruction is also a crucial step for generating high-quality and visually realistic 3D models. However, most of the texture reconstruction approaches are probably leading to texture fragmentation and memory inefficiency. In this paper, we introduce an automatic framework of texture reconstruction to generate textures from oblique images for photorealistic visualization. Our approach include three major steps as follows: mesh parameterization, texture atlas generation and texture blending. Firstly, mesh parameterization procedure referring to mesh segmentation and mesh unfolding is performed to reduce geometric distortion in the process of mapping 2D texture to 3D model. Secondly, in the texture atlas generation step, the texture of each segmented region in texture domain is reconstructed from all visible images with exterior orientation and interior orientation parameters. Thirdly, to avoid color discontinuities at boundaries between texture regions, the final texture map is generated by blending texture maps from several corresponding images. We evaluated our texture reconstruction framework on a dataset of a city. The resulting mesh model can get textured by created texture without resampling. Experiment results show that our method can effectively mitigate the occurrence of texture fragmentation. It is demonstrated that the proposed framework is effective and useful for automatic texture reconstruction of 3D city model.

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ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF 3D MODELS GENERATED FROM GOOGLE STREET VIEW IMAGERY

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w9-181-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽

pp. 181-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N. Bruno ◽

R. Roncella

Keyword(s):

Accuracy Assessment ◽

Average Distance ◽

3D Models ◽

Google Earth ◽

Google Street View ◽

3D City Model ◽

Software Packages ◽

Street View ◽

Panoramic Images ◽

City Model

Abstract. Google Street View is a technology implemented in several Google services/applications (e.g. Google Maps, Google Earth) which provides the user, interested in viewing a particular location on the map, with panoramic images (represented in equi-rectangular projection) at street level. Generally, consecutive panoramas are acquired with an average distance of 5&ndash;10m and can be compared to a traditional photogrammetric strip and, thus, processed to reconstruct portion of city at nearly zero cost. Most of the photogrammetric software packages available today implement spherical camera models and can directly process images in equi-rectangular projection. Although many authors provided in the past relevant works that involved the use of Google Street View imagery, mainly for 3D city model reconstruction, very few references can be found about the actual accuracy that can be obtained with such data. The goal of the present work is to present preliminary tests (at time of writing just three case studies has been analysed) about the accuracy and reliability of the 3D models obtained from Google Street View panoramas.

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Feasibility Study of Using Mobile Laser Scanning Point Cloud Data for GNSS Line of Sight Analysis

Mobile Information Systems ◽

10.1155/2017/5407605 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuwei Chen ◽

Lingli Zhu ◽

Jian Tang ◽

Ling Pei ◽

Antero Kukko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Point Cloud ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

3D Models ◽

Shadow Mask ◽

Point Cloud Data ◽

Cloud Data ◽

3D City Model ◽

Degraded Area ◽

City Model ◽

Rf Signal

The positioning accuracy with good GNSS observation can easily reach centimetre level, supported by advanced GNSS technologies. However, it is still a challenge to offer a robust GNSS based positioning solution in a GNSS degraded area. The concept of GNSS shadow matching has been proposed to enhance the GNSS based position accuracy in city canyons, where the nearby high buildings block parts of the GNSS radio frequency (RF) signals. However, the results rely on the accuracy of the utilized ready-made 3D city model. In this paper, we investigate a solution to generate a GNSS shadow mask with mobile laser scanning (MLS) cloud data. The solution includes removal of noise points, determining the object which only attenuated the RF signal and extraction of the highest obstruction point, and eventually angle calculation for the GNSS shadow mask generation. By analysing the data with the proposed methodology, it is concluded that the MLS point cloud data can be used to extract the GNSS shadow mask after several steps of processing to filter out the hanging objects and the plantings without generating the accurate 3D model, which depicts the boundary of GNSS signal coverage more precisely in city canyon environments compared to traditional 3D models.

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3D GEOSPATIAL DATABASE SCHEMA FOR ISTANBUL 3D CITY MODEL

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w16-11-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol XLII-4/W16 ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

A. Abdul Rahman ◽

H. Rashidan ◽

I. A. Musliman ◽

G. Buyuksalih ◽

S. Bayburt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Retrieval ◽

3D Models ◽

Database Management System ◽

Complex Objects ◽

3D City Models ◽

3D City Model ◽

Object Relational ◽

3D Database ◽

City Model ◽

City Models

Abstract. This paper describes the development of 3D database for Istanbul 3D city models. The schema is based on object-relational technology and also called spatially-enhanced relational database management system (SRDBMS). The 3D city models were generated based on LiDAR points cloud with other several typical GIS datasets like terrain, orthophoto, Point of Interests (POIs), and other attribute data. The database is based on PostGIS schema and CityGML schema (3DCityDB). Two major datasets, namely, terrain data (with several formats), and 3D city models were populated in the database. Terrain and attributes data retrieval are based on Web Feature Service (WFS) whereas 3D models were visualized via 3D Tiles format in Cesium platform. Two issues were also highlighted in the paper with respect to 3D attributes linkages and 3D complex objects.

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Collaborative platform based on standard services for the semi-automated generation of the 3D city model on the cloud

eWork and eBusiness in Architecture, Engineering and Construction ◽

10.1201/9780429506215-22 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 169-175

Author(s):

I. Prieto ◽

J.L. Izkara ◽

A. Mediavilla ◽

J. Arambarri ◽

A. Arroyo

Keyword(s):

Automated Generation ◽

3D City Model ◽

City Model ◽

Collaborative Platform

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A 3D City Model with Dynamic Behaviour Based on Geospatial Managed Objects

Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography - Innovations in 3D Geo-Information Sciences ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-00515-7_10 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 159-173

Author(s):

E. Kjems ◽

J. Kolář

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Behaviour ◽

3D City Model ◽

City Model

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FIRST STEPS TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED CITYGML-BASED 3D MODEL OF VIENNA

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsannals-iii-4-139-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol III-4 ◽

pp. 139-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. Agugiaro

Keyword(s):

Energy Use ◽

Smart Cities ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D City Model ◽

First Results ◽

Sustainable Energy Systems ◽

City Model ◽

Set Up ◽

The City ◽

City Models

This paper presents and discusses the results regarding the initial steps (selection, analysis, preparation and eventual integration of a number of datasets) for the creation of an integrated, semantic, three-dimensional, and CityGML-based virtual model of the city of Vienna. CityGML is an international standard conceived specifically as information and data model for semantic city models at urban and territorial scale. It is being adopted by more and more cities all over the world. The work described in this paper is embedded within the European Marie-Curie ITN project “Ci-nergy, Smart cities with sustainable energy systems”, which aims, among the rest, at developing urban decision making and operational optimisation software tools to minimise non-renewable energy use in cities. Given the scope and scale of the project, it is therefore vital to set up a common, unique and spatio-semantically coherent urban model to be used as information hub for all applications being developed. This paper reports about the experiences done so far, it describes the test area and the available data sources, it shows and exemplifies the data integration issues, the strategies developed to solve them in order to obtain the integrated 3D city model. The first results as well as some comments about their quality and limitations are presented, together with the discussion regarding the next steps and some planned improvements.

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SYSTEM DESIGN, CALIBRATION AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A NOVEL 360° STEREO PANORAMIC MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-1-w1-207-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol IV-1/W1 ◽

pp. 207-213

Author(s):

S. Blaser ◽

S. Nebiker ◽

S. Cavegn

Keyword(s):

Calibration Procedure ◽

Mobile Mapping ◽

Camera Systems ◽

3D City Model ◽

Mapping System ◽

Mobile Mapping System ◽

City Model ◽

And Performance ◽

Mobile Mapping Systems ◽

Street Environment

Image-based mobile mapping systems enable the efficient acquisition of georeferenced image sequences, which can later be exploited in cloud-based 3D geoinformation services. In order to provide a 360° coverage with accurate 3D measuring capabilities, we present a novel 360° stereo panoramic camera configuration. By using two 360° panorama cameras tilted forward and backward in combination with conventional forward and backward looking stereo camera systems, we achieve a full 360° multi-stereo coverage. We furthermore developed a fully operational new mobile mapping system based on our proposed approach, which fulfils our high accuracy requirements. We successfully implemented a rigorous sensor and system calibration procedure, which allows calibrating all stereo systems with a superior accuracy compared to that of previous work. Our study delivered absolute 3D point accuracies in the range of 4 to 6 cm and relative accuracies of 3D distances in the range of 1 to 3 cm. These results were achieved in a challenging urban area. Furthermore, we automatically reconstructed a 3D city model of our study area by employing all captured and georeferenced mobile mapping imagery. The result is a very high detailed and almost complete 3D city model of the street environment.

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3D MODELLING AND VISUALIZATION BASED ON THE UNITY GAME ENGINE – ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w4-161-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol IV-4/W4 ◽

pp. 161-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

I. Buyuksalih ◽

S. Bayburt ◽

G. Buyuksalih ◽

A. P. Baskaraca ◽

H. Karim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Modelling ◽

Database Integration ◽

Game Engine ◽

Implementation Phase ◽

Research Areas ◽

3D City Model ◽

3D Data ◽

Version 2.0 ◽

City Model ◽

Analysis Platform

3D City modelling is increasingly popular and becoming valuable tools in managing big cities. Urban and energy planning, landscape, noise-sewage modelling, underground mapping and navigation are among the applications/fields which really depend on 3D modelling for their effectiveness operations. Several research areas and implementation projects had been carried out to provide the most reliable 3D data format for sharing and functionalities as well as visualization platform and analysis. For instance, BIMTAS company has recently completed a project to estimate potential solar energy on 3D buildings for the whole Istanbul and now focussing on 3D utility underground mapping for a pilot case study. The research and implementation standard on 3D City Model domain (3D data sharing and visualization schema) is based on CityGML schema version 2.0. However, there are some limitations and issues in implementation phase for large dataset. Most of the limitations were due to the visualization, database integration and analysis platform (Unity3D game engine) as highlighted in this paper.

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