scholarly journals Photogrammetric Archaeological Survey with UAV

2014 ◽  
Vol II-5 ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mouget ◽  
G. Lucet
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Aerial Photograph ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Camera Parameters

This document describes a way to obtain various photogrammetric products from aerial photograph using a drone. The aim of the project was to develop a methodology to obtain information for the study of the architecture of pre-Columbian archaeological sites in Mexico combining the manoeuvrability and low cost of a drone with the accuracy of the results of the open source photogrammetric MicMac software. It presents the UAV and the camera used, explains how to manipulate it to carry out stereoscopic photographs, the flight and camera parameters chosen, the treatments performed to obtain orthophotos and 3D models with a centimetric resolution, and finally outlines the quality of the results.

scholarly journals BUDGET UAV SYSTEMS FOR THE PROSPECTION OF SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SCALE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 971-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ostrowski ◽  
K. Hanus
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
The Cost ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Operational Range

One of the popular uses of UAVs in photogrammetry is providing an archaeological documentation. A wide offer of low-cost (consumer) grade UAVs, as well as the popularity of user-friendly photogrammetric software allowing obtaining satisfying results, contribute to facilitating the process of preparing documentation for small archaeological sites. However, using solutions of this kind is much more problematic for larger areas. The limited possibilities of autonomous flight makes it significantly harder to obtain data for areas too large to be covered during a single mission. Moreover, sometimes the platforms used are not equipped with telemetry systems, which makes navigating and guaranteeing a similar quality of data during separate flights difficult. The simplest solution is using a better UAV, however the cost of devices of such type often exceeds the financial capabilities of archaeological expeditions. <br><br> The aim of this article is to present methodology allowing obtaining data for medium scale areas using only a basic UAV. The proposed methodology assumes using a simple multirotor, not equipped with any flight planning system or telemetry. Navigating of the platform is based solely on live-view images sent from the camera attached to the UAV. The presented survey was carried out using a simple GoPro camera which, from the perspective of photogrammetric use, was not the optimal configuration due to the fish eye geometry of the camera. Another limitation is the actual operational range of UAVs which in the case of cheaper systems, rarely exceeds 1 kilometre and is in fact often much smaller. Therefore the surveyed area must be divided into sub-blocks which correspond to the range of the drone. It is inconvenient since the blocks must overlap, so that they will later be merged during their processing. This increases the length of required flights as well as the computing power necessary to process a greater number of images. <br><br> These issues make prospection highly inconvenient, but not impossible. Our paper presents our experiences through two case studies: surveys conducted in Nepal under the aegis of UNESCO, and works carried out as a part of a Polish archaeological expedition in Cyprus, which both prove that the proposed methodology allows obtaining satisfying results. The article is an important voice in the ongoing debate between commercial and academic archaeologists who discuss the balance between the required standards of conducting archaeological works and economic capabilities of archaeological missions.

scholarly journals THE SYSTEM OVERVIEW AND GEOMETRIC IMAGE QUALITY OF THE TH-1 SATELLITE

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 511-516
Author(s):  
Jianrong Wang ◽  
Xin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Bundle Adjustment ◽  
Topographic Mapping ◽  
Location Accuracy ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Satellite Platform ◽  
Equivalent Frame ◽  
Camera Parameters ◽  
Th 1

The Tian-Hui 1 (TH-1) is the first stereo mapping transmission satellite in China, and the primary mission goal of the satellite is for topographic mapping at 1:50,000 scale without Ground Control Points (GCPs). 1st, 2nd and 3rd satellite of TH-1 was launched on August 24, 2010, May 6, 2012 and October 26, 2015. In TH-1 satellite, many payloads are put on a small satellite platform, which has a low cost. The optical camera of TH-1 includes Line-Matrix CCD (LMCCD) camera, high resolution camera and multispectral camera with 60 km ground swath width. To get high geometric accuracy without GCPs, the on-orbit calibration camera parameters and the Equivalent Frame Photo (EFP) Multi-functional bundle adjustment are proposed and realized in ground image processing of TH-1. In order to evaluate the location accuracy of TH-1, some testing fields are established. All GCPs of testing fields are measured by GPS. The GCPs are not participated the EFP Multi-functional bundle adjustment, and are only as Check Points (CPs) to evaluate the location accuracy. The evaluation of 1st satellite is shown: the horizontal accuracy is 10.3 m (RMSE) and the vertical accuracy is 5.7 m (RMSE) without GCPs, which can satisfy for topographic mapping at 1:50,000 scale. The overviews of TH-1 satellite are described in this paper: First, the system overview is introduced, including mission and optical camera of TH-1. Then, the on-orbit calibration camera parameters using LMCCD image and the EFP Multi-functional bundle adjustment are presented. Finally, the location performance is analysed without GCPs and with different number of GCPs. In addition, the products of TH-1 are introduced.

scholarly journals Automated Low-Cost Photogrammetric Acquisition of 3D Models from Small Form-Factor Artefacts

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Collins ◽  
Sandra I. Woolley ◽  
Erlend Gehlken ◽  
Eugene Ch’ng
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
3D Models ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Small Form Factor ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Object Models

The photogrammetric acquisition of 3D object models can be achieved by Structure from Motion (SfM) computation of photographs taken from multiple viewpoints. All-around 3D models of small artefacts with complex geometry can be difficult to acquire photogrammetrically and the precision of the acquired models can be diminished by the generic application of automated photogrammetric workflows. In this paper, we present two versions of a complete rotary photogrammetric system and an automated workflow for all-around, precise, reliable and low-cost acquisitions of large numbers of small artefacts, together with consideration of the visual quality of the model textures. The acquisition systems comprise a turntable and (i) a computer and digital camera or (ii) a smartphone designed to be ultra-low cost (less than $150). Experimental results are presented which demonstrate an acquisition precision of less than 40 μ m using a 12.2 Megapixel digital camera and less than 80 μ m using an 8 Megapixel smartphone. The novel contribution of this work centres on the design of an automated solution that achieves high-precision, photographically textured 3D acquisitions at a fraction of the cost of currently available systems. This could significantly benefit the digitisation efforts of collectors, curators and archaeologists as well as the wider population.

Challenges and Trends in Home Automation

2019 ◽  
pp. 148-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Portalés ◽  
Sergio Casas ◽  
Kai Kreuzer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Home Automation ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Market Fragmentation

Home automation (HA) systems can be considered as an implementation of the internet of everything (IoE) where many devices are linked by intelligent connections in order to improve the quality of life at home. This chapter is dedicated to analyzing current trends and challenges in HA. Energy management, safer homes, and improved control over the house are some of the benefits of HA. However, privacy, security, social disruption, installation/maintenance issues, economic costs, market fragmentation, and low interoperability represent real problems of these IoE solutions. In this regard, the latest proposals in HA try to answer some of these needs with low-cost DIY solutions, wireless solutions, and IP-based HA systems. This chapter proposes a way to deal with the interoperability problem by means of the open-source platform openHAB. It is based on the concept of a home automation bus, an idea that enables the separation of the physical and the functional view of any device, allowing to create a technology-agnostic environment, which is perfect for addressing the interoperability problem.

Implement VoIP Based IP Telephony with Open Source Asterisk Architecture

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chirag K. Gohel ◽  
Kamaljit I. Lakhtaria
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Quality Of Experience ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Software System ◽  
Ip Telephony ◽  
Telephone System ◽  
Enterprise Level

Asterisk is a leading open source telephony software/system, easily implemented over intranet and internet. Asterisk empowers developers and integrators to create advanced communication solutions. An Asterisk system is a low cost type of a traditional PBX system. Any phone controlled by an Asterisk system can call a VoIP or analog phone controlled or managed by a traditional telephone system or by Asterisk telephone system. In this paper, the authors focus on the deployment and testing of various Open Source Asterisk Services in an enterprise level communication system. Selected services are listed in this paper that can be used to implement a telephone system with good Quality of Services (QoS) and good Quality of Experience (QoE) from the personal user to enterprise level users.

scholarly journals GENERATING ACCURATE 3D MODELS OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE STRUCTURES USING LOW-COST CAMERA AND OPEN SOURCE ALGORITHMS

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-5/W1 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
M. Zacharek ◽  
P. Delis ◽  
M. Kedzierski ◽  
A. Fryskowska
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Dense Image ◽  
Dense Point ◽  
Historical Heritage

These studies have been conductedusing non-metric digital camera and dense image matching algorithms, as non-contact methods of creating monuments documentation.In order toprocess the imagery, few open-source software and algorithms of generating adense point cloud from images have been executed. In the research, the OSM Bundler, VisualSFM software, and web application ARC3D were used. Images obtained for each of the investigated objects were processed using those applications, and then dense point clouds and textured 3D models were created. As a result of post-processing, obtained models were filtered and scaled.The research showedthat even using the open-source software it is possible toobtain accurate 3D models of structures (with an accuracy of a few centimeters), but for the purpose of documentation and conservation of cultural and historical heritage, such accuracy can be insufficient.

scholarly journals BUDGET UAV SYSTEMS FOR THE PROSPECTION OF SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SCALE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 971-977
Author(s):  
W. Ostrowski ◽  
K. Hanus
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
The Cost ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Operational Range

One of the popular uses of UAVs in photogrammetry is providing an archaeological documentation. A wide offer of low-cost (consumer) grade UAVs, as well as the popularity of user-friendly photogrammetric software allowing obtaining satisfying results, contribute to facilitating the process of preparing documentation for small archaeological sites. However, using solutions of this kind is much more problematic for larger areas. The limited possibilities of autonomous flight makes it significantly harder to obtain data for areas too large to be covered during a single mission. Moreover, sometimes the platforms used are not equipped with telemetry systems, which makes navigating and guaranteeing a similar quality of data during separate flights difficult. The simplest solution is using a better UAV, however the cost of devices of such type often exceeds the financial capabilities of archaeological expeditions. <br><br> The aim of this article is to present methodology allowing obtaining data for medium scale areas using only a basic UAV. The proposed methodology assumes using a simple multirotor, not equipped with any flight planning system or telemetry. Navigating of the platform is based solely on live-view images sent from the camera attached to the UAV. The presented survey was carried out using a simple GoPro camera which, from the perspective of photogrammetric use, was not the optimal configuration due to the fish eye geometry of the camera. Another limitation is the actual operational range of UAVs which in the case of cheaper systems, rarely exceeds 1 kilometre and is in fact often much smaller. Therefore the surveyed area must be divided into sub-blocks which correspond to the range of the drone. It is inconvenient since the blocks must overlap, so that they will later be merged during their processing. This increases the length of required flights as well as the computing power necessary to process a greater number of images. <br><br> These issues make prospection highly inconvenient, but not impossible. Our paper presents our experiences through two case studies: surveys conducted in Nepal under the aegis of UNESCO, and works carried out as a part of a Polish archaeological expedition in Cyprus, which both prove that the proposed methodology allows obtaining satisfying results. The article is an important voice in the ongoing debate between commercial and academic archaeologists who discuss the balance between the required standards of conducting archaeological works and economic capabilities of archaeological missions.

scholarly journals THE USE OF THE UAV IMAGES FOR THE BUILDING 3D MODEL GENERATION

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W8 ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vacca ◽  
G. Furfaro ◽  
A. Dessì
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Dense Matching ◽  
Uav Images ◽  
The University

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The growing interest in recent years in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) by the scientific community, software developers, and geomatics professionals, has led these systems to be used more and more widely, in different fields of engineering and architecture. This is thanks, above all, to their flexibility of use and low cost compared to traditional photogrammetric flights using expensive metric digital cameras or LiDAR sensors. In recent years, UAVs have also been used in the field of monitoring and inspection of public or private buildings that are remarkable in terms of size and architecture. This is mainly due to the focus a sustainability and resource efficiency in the building and infrastructure sector, which aims to extend their lifetimes. Through the use of remote checking using UAVs, the monitoring and inspection of buildings can be brought to a new level of quality and saving.</p><p> This paper focuses on the processing and study of 3D models obtained from images captured by an UAV. In particular, the authors wanted to study the accuracy gains achieved in the building 3D model obtained with both nadir and oblique UAV flights. The images from the flights were processed using Structure-for Motion-based approach for point cloud generation using dense image-matching algorithms implemented in an open source software. We used the open source software VisualSfM, developed by Chanchang Wu in collaboration with the University of Washington and Google. The dense matching plug-in integrated in its interface, PMVS/CMVS, made by Yasutaka Furukawa, was employed to generate the dense cloud. The achieved results were compare with those gained by Photoscan software by Agisoft and with 3D model from the Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) survey.</p>

Implement VoIP Based IP Telephony with Open Source Asterisk Architecture

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chirag K. Gohel ◽  
Kamaljit I. Lakhtaria
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Quality Of Experience ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Software System ◽  
Ip Telephony ◽  
Telephone System ◽  
Enterprise Level

Asterisk is a leading open source telephony software/system, easily implemented over intranet and internet. Asterisk empowers developers and integrators to create advanced communication solutions. An Asterisk system is a low cost type of a traditional PBX system. Any phone controlled by an Asterisk system can call a VoIP or analog phone controlled or managed by a traditional telephone system or by Asterisk telephone system. In this paper, the authors focus on the deployment and testing of various Open Source Asterisk Services in an enterprise level communication system. Selected services are listed in this paper that can be used to implement a telephone system with good Quality of Services (QoS) and good Quality of Experience (QoE) from the personal user to enterprise level users.

scholarly journals RPAS AND TLS TECNIQUES FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY: THE CASE STUDY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF ERACLEA MINOA (ITALY)

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W3 ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lo Brutto ◽  
R. Sciortino ◽  
A. Garraffa
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
The Individual

Digital documentation and 3D modelling of archaeological sites are important for understanding, definition and recognition of the values of the sites and of the archaeological finds. The most part of archaeological sites are outdoor location, but a cover to preserve the ruins protects often parts of the sites. The possibility to acquire data with different techniques and merge them by using a single reference system allows creating multi-parties models in which 3D representations of the individual objects can be inserted. <br><br> The paper presents the results of a recent study carried out by Geomatics Laboratory of University of Palermo for the digital documentation and 3D modelling of Eraclea Minoa archaeological site. This site is located near Agrigento, in the south of Sicily (Italy) and is one of the most famous ancient Greek colonies of Sicily. The paper presents the results of the integration of different data source to survey the Eraclea Minoa archaeological site. The application of two highly versatile recording systems, the TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) and the RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System), allowed the Eraclea Minoa site to be documented in high resolution and with high accuracy. The integration of the two techniques has demonstrated the possibility to obtain high quality and accurate 3D models in archaeological survey.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document