scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF GSD FOR 3D CITY MODELING AND VISUALIZATION FROM AERIAL IMAGERY

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 561-565
Author(s):  
Muhamad Alrajhi ◽  
Zafare Alam ◽  
Mohammad Afroz Khan ◽  
Abdalla Alobeid
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Batch Processes ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Ground Sample ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Aerial Triangulation ◽  
3D City Modelling ◽  
City Models

Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs (MOMRA), aims to establish solid infrastructure required for 3D city modelling, for decision making to set a mark in urban development. MOMRA is responsible for the large scale mapping 1:1,000; 1:2,500; 1:10,000 and 1:20,000 scales for 10cm, 20cm and 40 GSD with Aerial Triangulation data. As 3D city models are increasingly used for the presentation exploration, and evaluation of urban and architectural designs. Visualization capabilities and animations support of upcoming 3D geo-information technologies empower architects, urban planners, and authorities to visualize and analyze urban and architectural designs in the context of the existing situation. To make use of this possibility, first of all 3D city model has to be created for which MOMRA uses the Aerial Triangulation data and aerial imagery. The main concise for 3D city modelling in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia exists due to uneven surface and undulations. Thus real time 3D visualization and interactive exploration support planning processes by providing multiple stakeholders such as decision maker, architects, urban planners, authorities, citizens or investors with a three – dimensional model. Apart from advanced visualization, these 3D city models can be helpful for dealing with natural hazards and provide various possibilities to deal with exotic conditions by better and advanced viewing technological infrastructure. Riyadh on one side is 5700m above sea level and on the other hand Abha city is 2300m, this uneven terrain represents a drastic change of surface in the Kingdom, for which 3D city models provide valuable solutions with all possible opportunities. In this research paper: influence of different GSD (Ground Sample Distance) aerial imagery with Aerial Triangulation is used for 3D visualization in different region of the Kingdom, to check which scale is more sophisticated for obtaining better results and is cost manageable, with GSD (7.5cm, 10cm, 20cm and 40cm). The comparison test is carried out in Bentley environment to check the best possible results obtained through operating different batch processes.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF GSD FOR 3D CITY MODELING AND VISUALIZATION FROM AERIAL IMAGERY

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 561-565
Author(s):  
Muhamad Alrajhi ◽  
Zafare Alam ◽  
Mohammad Afroz Khan ◽  
Abdalla Alobeid
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Batch Processes ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Ground Sample ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Aerial Triangulation ◽  
3D City Modelling ◽  
City Models

Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs (MOMRA), aims to establish solid infrastructure required for 3D city modelling, for decision making to set a mark in urban development. MOMRA is responsible for the large scale mapping 1:1,000; 1:2,500; 1:10,000 and 1:20,000 scales for 10cm, 20cm and 40 GSD with Aerial Triangulation data. As 3D city models are increasingly used for the presentation exploration, and evaluation of urban and architectural designs. Visualization capabilities and animations support of upcoming 3D geo-information technologies empower architects, urban planners, and authorities to visualize and analyze urban and architectural designs in the context of the existing situation. To make use of this possibility, first of all 3D city model has to be created for which MOMRA uses the Aerial Triangulation data and aerial imagery. The main concise for 3D city modelling in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia exists due to uneven surface and undulations. Thus real time 3D visualization and interactive exploration support planning processes by providing multiple stakeholders such as decision maker, architects, urban planners, authorities, citizens or investors with a three – dimensional model. Apart from advanced visualization, these 3D city models can be helpful for dealing with natural hazards and provide various possibilities to deal with exotic conditions by better and advanced viewing technological infrastructure. Riyadh on one side is 5700m above sea level and on the other hand Abha city is 2300m, this uneven terrain represents a drastic change of surface in the Kingdom, for which 3D city models provide valuable solutions with all possible opportunities. In this research paper: influence of different GSD (Ground Sample Distance) aerial imagery with Aerial Triangulation is used for 3D visualization in different region of the Kingdom, to check which scale is more sophisticated for obtaining better results and is cost manageable, with GSD (7.5cm, 10cm, 20cm and 40cm). The comparison test is carried out in Bentley environment to check the best possible results obtained through operating different batch processes.

scholarly journals Semi-Automatic 3D City Model Generation from Large-Format Aerial Images

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Buyukdemircioglu ◽  
Sultan Kocaman ◽  
Umit Isikdag
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Model Generation ◽  
City Management ◽  
Large Format ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
City Model ◽  
City Models

3D city models have become crucial for better city management, and can be used for various purposes such as disaster management, navigation, solar potential computation and planning simulations. 3D city models are not only visual models, and they can also be used for thematic queries and analyzes with the help of semantic data. The models can be produced using different data sources and methods. In this study, vector basemaps and large-format aerial images, which are regularly produced in accordance with the large scale map production regulations in Turkey, have been used to develop a workflow for semi-automatic 3D city model generation. The aim of this study is to propose a procedure for the production of 3D city models from existing aerial photogrammetric datasets without additional data acquisition efforts and/or costly manual editing. To prove the methodology, a 3D city model has been generated with semi-automatic methods at LoD2 (Level of Detail 2) of CityGML (City Geographic Markup Language) using the data of the study area over Cesme Town of Izmir Province, Turkey. The generated model is automatically textured and additional developments have been performed for 3D visualization of the model on the web. The problems encountered throughout the study and approaches to solve them are presented here. Consequently, the approach introduced in this study yields promising results for low-cost 3D city model production with the data at hand.

Scalable Multi-Platform Distribution of Spatial 3D Contents

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Klimke ◽  
Benjamin Hagedorn ◽  
Jürgen Döllner
Keyword(s):  
3D Visualization ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Web Based ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
3D Rendering ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
City Model ◽  
Rendering Techniques ◽  
City Models

Virtual 3D city models provide powerful user interfaces for communication of 2D and 3D geoinformation. Providing high quality visualization of massive 3D geoinformation in a scalable, fast, and cost efficient manner is still a challenging task. Especially for mobile and web-based system environments, software and hardware configurations of target systems differ significantly. This makes it hard to provide fast, visually appealing renderings of 3D data throughout a variety of platforms and devices. Current mobile or web-based solutions for 3D visualization usually require raw 3D scene data such as triangle meshes together with textures delivered from server to client, what makes them strongly limited in terms of size and complexity of the models they can handle. This paper introduces a new approach for provisioning of massive, virtual 3D city models on different platforms namely web browsers, smartphones or tablets, by means of an interactive map assembled from artificial oblique image tiles. The key concept is to synthesize such images of a virtual 3D city model by a 3D rendering service in a preprocessing step. This service encapsulates model handling and 3D rendering techniques for high quality visualization of massive 3D models. By generating image tiles using this service, the 3D rendering process is shifted from the client side, which provides major advantages: (a) The complexity of the 3D city model data is decoupled from data transfer complexity (b) the implementation of client applications is simplified significantly as 3D rendering is encapsulated on server side (c) 3D city models can be easily deployed for and used by a large number of concurrent users, leading to a high degree of scalability of the overall approach. All core 3D rendering techniques are performed on a dedicated 3D rendering server, and thin-client applications can be compactly implemented for various devices and platforms.

Immersive Visualization of Virtual 3D City Models and its Applications in E-Planning

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juri Engel ◽  
Jürgen Döllner
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Immersive Environments ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
3D Rendering ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
Immersive Visualization ◽  
City Models

Immersive visualization offers an intuitive access to and an effective way of realizing, exploring, and analyzing virtual 3D city models, which are essential tools for effective communication and management of complex urban spatial information in e-planning. In particular, immersive visualization allows for simulating planning scenarios and to receive a close-to-reality impression by both non-expert and expert stakeholders. This contribution is concerned with the main requirements and technical concepts of a system for visualizing virtual 3D city models in large-scale, fully immersive environments. It allows stakeholders ranging from citizens to decision-makers to explore and examine the virtual 3D city model and embedded planning models “in situ.” Fully immersive environments involve a number of specific requirements for both hardware and 3D rendering including enhanced 3D rendering techniques, an immersion-aware, autonomous, and assistive 3D camera system, and a synthetic, immersion-supporting soundscape. Based on these requirements, the authors have implemented a prototypical visualization system that the authors present in this article. The characteristics of fully immersive visualization enable a number of new applications within e-planning workflows and processes, in particular, with respect to public participation, decision support, and location marketing.

scholarly journals DRUMM: Dynamic viewing of large-scale 3D city models on the web

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Koskela ◽  
Matti Pouke ◽  
Arto Heikkinen ◽  
Toni Alatalo ◽  
Paula Alavesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
The Web ◽  
City Models

scholarly journals AN IMPROVED LOD FRAMEWORK FOR THE TERRAINS IN 3D CITY MODELS

2019 ◽  
Vol IV-4/W8 ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kumar ◽  
A. Labetski ◽  
H. Ledoux ◽  
J. Stoter
Keyword(s):  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
City Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
3D City Modelling ◽  
Software Prototype ◽  
City Models

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Level of Detail (LOD) concept in CityGML 2.0 is meant to differentiate the multiple representations of semantic 3D city models. Despite the popularity and general acceptance of the concept by the practitioners and stakeholders in 3D city modelling, there are still some limitations. While the CityGML LOD concept is well defined for buildings, bridges, tunnels, and to some extent for roads, there is no clear definition of LODs for terrain/relief, vegetation, land use, water bodies, and generic city objects in CityGML. In addition, extensive research has been done to refine the LOD concept of CityGML for buildings but little is known on requirements and possibilities to model city object types as terrain at different LODs. To address this gap, we focus in this paper on the terrain of a 3D city model and propose a framework for modelling terrains at different LODs in CityGML. As a proof of concept of our framework, we implemented a software prototype to generate terrain models with other city features integrated (e.g. buildings) at different LODs in CityGML.</p>

scholarly journals 3D Variables Requirements for Property Valuation Modeling Based on the Integration of BIM and CIM

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2814
Author(s):  
Siham El Yamani ◽  
Rafika Hajji ◽  
Gilles-Antoine Nys ◽  
Mohamed Ettarid ◽  
Roland Billen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Hedonic Pricing ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Property Value ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Property Valuation ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Building Information ◽  
City Models

The growing rate of urbanization and vertical urban development has aroused the significance of geo-related variables for property units disposed vertically within the same building. Among these, 3D indoor physical and outdoor environmental variables are impacting the property value for each building unit. However, in the literature, the identified 3D variables, by using hedonic pricing models (HPM) for property valuation, are mainly restricted to 3D visualization. Their use in 3D simulation for an accurate evaluation of the property value is still limited. Furthermore, their value is often defined for a specific valuation purpose (e.g., taxation). This paper aims to investigate 3D variables with a significant impact on property value, to combine them with 3D technical requirements and to be integrated in a future valuation model. Moreover, their 3D spatial and non-spatial elements are analyzed to identify which variables can be provided from 3D city models and building scale elements. To accomplish this, the potential of 3D building information modeling (BIM) and city information modeling (CIM) in property valuation is examined. From indoors; BIM/IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) models are the main data sources for structural and living quality variables. While from outdoors, environmental variables and the surrounding building’s information are provided from 3D city models (CityGML).

scholarly journals INTEGRATED USE OF REMOTE SENSED DATA AND NUMERICAL CARTOGRAPHY FOR THE GENERATION OF 3D CITY MODELS

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-2 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bitelli ◽  
V. A. Girelli ◽  
A. Lambertini
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
City Models

3D city models are becoming increasingly popular and important, because they constitute the base for all the visualization, planning, management operations regarding the urban infrastructure. These data are however not available in the majority of cities: in this paper, the possibility to use geospatial data of various kinds with the aim to generate 3D models in urban environment is investigated.<br> In 3D modelling works, the starting data are frequently the 3D point clouds, which are nowadays possible to collect by different sensors mounted on different platforms: LiDAR, imagery from satellite, airborne or unmanned aerial vehicles, mobile mapping systems that integrate several sensors. The processing of the acquired data and consequently the obtainability of models able to provide geometric accuracy and a good visual impact is limited by time, costs and logistic constraints.<br> Nowadays more and more innovative hardware and software solutions can offer to the municipalities and the public authorities the possibility to use available geospatial data, acquired for diverse aims, for the generation of 3D models of buildings and cities, characterized by different level of detail.<br> In the paper two cases of study are presented, both regarding surveys carried out in Emilia Romagna region, Italy, where 2D or 2.5D numerical maps are available. The first one is about the use of oblique aerial images realized by the Municipality for a systematic documentation of the built environment, the second concerns the use of LiDAR data acquired for other purposes; in the two tests, these data were used in conjunction with large scale numerical maps to produce 3D city models.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF A DIGITAL 3D PARTICIPATION PLATFORM – CASE STUDY OF WEILIMDORF (STUTTGART, GERMANY)

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W1-2021 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
P. Würstle ◽  
T. Santhanavanich ◽  
R. Padsala ◽  
V. Coors
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
City Model ◽  
Participation Process ◽  
The Web ◽  
City Models

Abstract. This paper explains the development of a 3D city model-based Public Participation Platform as a prototype and its implementation in a real-world public participation process to redevelop the Weilimdorf area of Stuttgart city. Alongside conducting Weilimdorf’s public participation process, the goal of the mentioned public participation platform is to research citizens’ acceptance of such tools. The usage of digital tools has become more critical for participation processes. The need for social distancing expedites this change, particularly during the pandemic. Previous research frequently focuses on 2D platforms and smaller sample sizes but nevertheless shows the importance of such tools. However, with current developments in geospatial and web streaming technologies, it has become easier and faster to visualize large-scale 3D city models over the web. In this research, these technologies were used by the citizens of the Weilimdorf area to evaluate the usability of the platform and collect their feedback. The result shows that such a digital public participation platform is a valuable supplement to traditional in-person public participation methods.

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