scholarly journals Diagnosing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Refugees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafaz Veettil ◽  
Anastasiya Vinokurtseva
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Symptom Cluster ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Global crises has amounted to the forced international displacement of 25.4 million refugees. Refugees from conflict-affected areas are especially vulnerable to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to the general population due to their past and present hardships and history of trauma. PTSD is characterized by a constellation of symptoms identified by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). DSM-5 departed from DSM-IV by reclassifying PTSD as a trauma- and stressor-related disorder and introducing a fourth symptom cluster—negative alterations in mood/cognition—to the previous three-symptom cluster model. In severely traumatized refugees, this new cluster exhibited relatively high sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive power, and negative predictive power—in concordance with the range of symptoms exhibited by this population—and allowed for the applicability of the DSM-5 criteria. However, the Western sample basis of the DSM-5 might make it inferior to alternative models as a diagnostic tool for PTSD in refugees and as a springboard for treatment. In addition (and possibly due) to PTSD, refugees are at high risk for mental health distress and suffer from poor health outcomes. Optimizing diagnostic criteria and overcoming barriers to diagnosis and access to care would benefit patients and facilitate treatment.

A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF THE NEW AND REVISED SYMPTOMS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN DSM-5

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Koffel ◽  
Melissa A. Polusny ◽  
Paul A. Arbisi ◽  
Christopher R. Erbes
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Dsm 5

scholarly journals Psychometric Validation of the English and French Versions of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0161645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea R. Ashbaugh ◽  
Stephanie Houle-Johnson ◽  
Christophe Herbert ◽  
Wissam El-Hage ◽  
Alain Brunet
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Dsm 5

scholarly journals Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among trauma-exposed adolescents from low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusko Stupar ◽  
Dejan Stevanovic ◽  
Panos Vostanis ◽  
Olayinka Atilola ◽  
Paulo Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Exposure to traumatic events in childhood is associated with the development and maintenance of various psychiatric disorders, but most frequently with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the types of traumatic events experienced and the presence and predictors of PTSD symptoms among adolescents from the general population from ten low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods Data were simultaneously collected from 3370 trauma-exposed adolescents (mean age = 15.41 [SD = 1.65] years, range 12–18; 1465 (43.5%) males and 1905 (56.5%) females) in Brazil, Bulgaria, Croatia, Indonesia, Montenegro, Nigeria, the Palestinian Territories, the Philippines, Romania, and Serbia, with Portugal, a high-income country, as a reference point. The UCLA PTSD Reaction Index for the DSM-5 (PTSD-RI-5) was used for the assessment of traumatic events and PTSD symptoms. Results The most frequently reported traumatic events were death of a close person (69.7%), witnessing violence other than domestic (40.5%), being in a natural disaster (34.4%) and witnessing violent death or serious injury of a close person (33.9%). In total, 28.5% adolescents endorsed two to three DSM-5 PTSD criteria symptoms. The rates of adolescents with symptoms from all four DSM-5 criteria for PTSD were 6.2–8.1% in Indonesia, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Montenegro, and 9.2–10.5% in Philippines, Croatia and Brazil. From Portugal, 10.7% adolescents fall into this category, while 13.2% and 15.3% for the Palestinian Territories and Nigeria, respectively. A logistic regression model showed that younger age, experiencing war, being forced to have sex, and greater severity of symptoms (persistent avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity) were significant predictors of fulfilling full PTSD criteria. Conclusions Nearly every third adolescent living in LMICs might have some PTSD symptoms after experiencing a traumatic event, while nearly one in ten might have sufficient symptoms for full DSM-5 PTSD diagnosis. The findings can inform the generation of PTSD burden estimates, allocation of health resources, and designing and implementing psychosocial interventions for PTSD in LMICs.

Psychometric properties of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale Interview for DSM–5 (PSSI–5).

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1159-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna B. Foa ◽  
Carmen P. McLean ◽  
Yinyin Zang ◽  
Jody Zhong ◽  
Sheila Rauch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Disorder Symptom
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document