Evaluation of the Ocular Blood Flow and Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

A comparative analysis of the indicators of renal hemodynamics in patients with chronic renal failure/chronic kidney disease (CRF/CKD) developed against myeloma nephropathy (group 1) and with primary kidney disease (group 2) was done. 20 patients were included in the first group, 14 patients were in the second one, and in most cases there was Stage 3 CRF/CKD. There were analyzed the following indicators of renal blood flow: peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, mean flow velocity throughout the entire cardiac cycle, resistive index and pulsation index. Circulation figures were recorded at the level of basic, segmental, interlobar, arc, interlobular renal arteries. It is concluded that violations of renal blood flow and vascular resistance in patients with multiple myeloma complicated by chronic renal failure are primarily due to CKD itself. The differences in the two groups of patients with CRF/CKD were only about the average level in the parenchymal blood flow velocity (interlobular, arcuate, interlobar arteries); at myeloma nephropathy it was significantly reduced in comparison with the control group and patients with CRF/CKD without hemoblastosis. The rest velocity parameters were significantly reduced and vascular resistance indices were increased in comparison with the control and did not differ in groups of patients with CRF/CKD. Thus, hemodynamic changes at the level of parenchyma are the most important for patients with multiple myeloma, which suggests more severe violations of kidneys in these patients with the complication of CRF.

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High-NaCl diet impairs dynamic renal blood flow autoregulation in rats with adenine-induced chronic renal failure

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00383.2013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 306 (6) ◽

pp. R411-R419 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Aso Saeed ◽

Gerald F. DiBona ◽

Elisabeth Grimberg ◽

Lisa Nguy ◽

Minne Line Nedergaard Mikkelsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Chronic Renal Failure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Renal Blood Flow ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Organ Injury ◽

Myogenic Response ◽

Frequency Range ◽

Renal Blood Flow Autoregulation

This study examined the effects of 2 wk of high-NaCl diet on kidney function and dynamic renal blood flow autoregulation (RBFA) in rats with adenine-induced chronic renal failure (ACRF). Male Sprague-Dawley rats received either chow containing adenine or were pair-fed an identical diet without adenine (controls). After 10 wk, rats were randomized to either remain on the same diet (0.6% NaCl) or to be switched to high 4% NaCl chow. Two weeks after randomization, renal clearance experiments were performed under isoflurane anesthesia and dynamic RBFA, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), systolic arterial pressure variability (SAPV), and heart rate variability were assessed by spectral analytical techniques. Rats with ACRF showed marked reductions in glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow (RBF), whereas mean arterial pressure and SAPV were significantly elevated. In addition, spontaneous BRS was reduced by ∼50% in ACRF animals. High-NaCl diet significantly increased transfer function fractional gain values between arterial pressure and RBF in the frequency range of the myogenic response (0.06–0.09 Hz) only in ACRF animals (0.3 ± 4.0 vs. −4.4 ± 3.8 dB; P < 0.05). Similarly, a high-NaCl diet significantly increased SAPV in the low-frequency range only in ACRF animals. To conclude, a 2-wk period of a high-NaCl diet in ACRF rats significantly impaired dynamic RBFA in the frequency range of the myogenic response and increased SAPV in the low-frequency range. These abnormalities may increase the susceptibility to hypertensive end-organ injury and progressive renal failure by facilitating pressure transmission to the microvasculature.

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Ocular blood flow and choroidal thickness changes after carotid artery stenting

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia ◽

10.5935/0004-2749.20200081 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Esra Biberoglu ◽

Muhsin Eraslan ◽

Ipek Midi ◽

Feyyaz Baltacioglu ◽

Macit Bitargil

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Carotid Artery Stenting ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Ocular Blood Flow

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Ocular blood flow and choroidal thickness in ocular hypertension

International Ophthalmology ◽

10.1007/s10792-021-02123-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Serdar Bayraktar ◽

Ali İpek ◽

Tamer Takmaz ◽

Yelda Yildiz Tasci ◽

Mehmet Can Gezer

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Ocular Hypertension ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Ocular Blood Flow

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Cerebral blood flow and vasodilatory capacity in anemia secondary to chronic renal failure

Kidney International ◽

10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00142.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 564-569 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Yasuo Kuwabara ◽

Masayuki Sasaki ◽

Hideki Hirakata ◽

Hirofumi Koga ◽

Makoto Nakagawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Chronic Renal Failure

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Renal failure increases gastric mucosal blood flow and acid secretion in rats: role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1992.263.1.g75 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 263 (1) ◽

pp. G75-G80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. Quintero ◽

P. H. Guth

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Chronic Renal Failure ◽

Acid Secretion ◽

Acid Output ◽

Muscle Blood Flow ◽

Specific Inhibitor ◽

Mucosal Blood Flow ◽

Gastric Mucosal Blood Flow

Because of the contradictory findings in clinical studies, and the complete lack of animal studies, the purpose of this investigation was to characterize the changes in gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and acid secretion in an animal model of chronic renal failure. Rats with chronic renal failure induced by partial kidney infarction had a significantly higher basal GMBF and lower gastric vascular resistance than control rats. The gastric acid secretory and mucosal hyperemic response to pentagastrin were markedly enhanced in renal failure rats. Because endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous vasodilator that regulates gastric vascular tone, we hypothesized that NO mediates the gastric hyperemia of renal failure rats. The administration of N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a specific inhibitor of NO formation, produced a significantly greater decrease in GMBF in renal failure rats than in control rats, including a low dose inhibiting the basal hyperemia in renal failure rats but having no effect in control rats. It also attenuated pentagastrin-stimulated GMBF in both groups. In contrast, L-NAME produced a similar decrease in basal skeletal muscle blood flow in both renal failure and control rats. We conclude that in the renal failure rat 1) there is an increased basal GMBF and pentagastrin-stimulated acid output and GMBF, and 2) this gastric mucosal hyperemia is mediated by NO.

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Impaired Nutritive Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0790239 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 239-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

John R. Bradley ◽

Janice R. Anderson ◽

David B. Evans ◽

Alan J. Cowley

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Chronic Renal Failure ◽

Muscle Blood Flow ◽

Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Calf Blood Flow ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control

1. The possibility that abnormalities of skeletal muscle may limit the exercise tolerance of patients with chronic renal failure was investigated in patients undergoing regular haemodialysis. 2. Blood flow to the calf, a vascular bed consisting predominantly of skeletal muscle, was measured in six patients before and after exercise and compared with values obtained from 12 control subjects. 3. The patients were limited on exertion and had an abnormal response of calf blood flow to bicycle exercise. Resting calf blood flow was similar in patients and control subjects, but the mean increase in calf blood flow in response to submaximal exercise was 0.55 (sem 0.12) ml min−-1 100 ml−-1 in the patients and 1.43 (sem 0.17) ml min−-1 100 ml−-1 in the control subjects. The increase after symptom-limited maximal exercise was 1.50 (sem 0.80) ml min−-1 100 ml−-1 in the patients and 4.20 (sem 0.40) ml min−-1 100 ml−-1 in the control subjects. 4. Skeletal muscle biopsies from eight haemodialysis patients were studied by histochemistry and electron microscopy. 5. Oxidative enzyme activity was increased and there were large subsarcolemmal aggregates of structurally normal mitochondria. Necrotic capillaries were observed as empty basement membrane tubes containing fragments of degenerating endothelium. 6. The changes were compatible with a response to a chronic reduction in skeletal muscle blood flow.

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